ābhāṣya(आभाष्य)
ā- (“unto, fully”) + bhāṣya
ā- (“unto, fully”) + bhāṣya.
Word senses
Pañcama Aṃśa, Prathama Adhyāya · Back to chapter
English lines use these phrases for common nouns. Only names (people, deities, epithets) stay in Sanskrit in the translation.
ācacakṣe(आचचक्षे)
ā- (“unto, fully”) + cacakṣe
ā- (“unto, fully”) + cacakṣe.
ādir(आदिर्)
ā- (“unto, fully”) + dir
ā- (“unto, fully”) + dir.
āgacchata(आगच्छत)
ā- (“unto, fully”) + gacchata
ā- (“unto, fully”) + gacchata.
agniḥ(अग्निः)
Fire as the eater and carrier of offerings
agni: fire, the driving fire (aṅg/ag, “to drive”). Fire as the eater and carrier of offerings.
ākarṇya(आकर्ण्य)
ā- (“unto, fully”) + karṇya
ā- (“unto, fully”) + karṇya.
anya(अन्य)
another
Inflected from anya. Nominative singular of anya: “another.”
ārabdho(आरब्धो)
ā- (“unto, fully”) + rabdho
ā- (“unto, fully”) + rabdho.
arthe(अर्थे)
aim
artha: aim, meaning, wealth as what is sought. From a root of going-toward. That-for-which.
āryeti(आर्येति)
ā- (“unto, fully”) + ryeti
ā- (“unto, fully”) + ryeti.
asya(अस्य)
of this
Genitive of idam: “of this.”
ativihvalā(अतिविह्वला)
ati- (“beyond”) + vihvalā
ati- (“beyond”) + vihvalā.
ātmānam(आत्मानम्)
the self
ātman is the self. Related to an, “to breathe”: the breathing one, the inner self of a living being. Not a ghost-soul added from outside; it is the self.
avateruś(अवतेरुश्)
ava- (“down, off”) + teruś
ava- (“down, off”) + teruś.
avatīrya(अवतीर्य)
ava- (“down, off”) + tīrya
ava- (“down, off”) + tīrya.
bhagavān(भगवान्)
the Lord
bhaga (“share, portion, majesty,” from bhaj “to share”) + -vant “possessing.” One who has the share of majesty. The Lord as the one possessed of majesty, not a first name.
bhavān(भवान्)
you
Honorific “you” (from bhū, the becoming-one as polite you).
bhūya(भूय)
again
Inflected from bhūya. Comparative of bahu / from bhū: “more, again.”
brahma(ब्रह्म)
that-which-is-vast (brahman)
Neuter of brahman, from bṛh, “to grow, to swell, to be vast.” It names that which is vast — an entity, not a person. The creator god is a different word, Brahmā (masculine). A brāhmaṇa is a person of that class.
brahmā(ब्रह्मा)
Not the neuter brahma
Masculine of brahman: Brahmā, the creator god, “the swelling/vast one” as a person. Not the neuter brahma.
brahmaṇa(ब्रह्मण)
that-which-is-vast (brahman)
Inflected from brahmaṇa. Neuter of brahman, from bṛh, “to grow, to swell, to be vast.” It names that which is vast — an entity, not a person. The creator god is a different word, Brahmā (masculine). A brāhmaṇa is a person of that class.
cāpa(चाप)
bow
Inflected from cāpa. dhanus: bow. cāpa also bow.
dadāti(ददाति)
gives
From dā, “to give.” Gives; having given; given.
deva(देव)
shining one
Inflected from deva. From div, “to shine.” A shining one; a god as a shining being, not a generic “God.”
deveṣu(देवेषु)
shining one
From div, “to shine.” A shining one; a god as a shining being, not a generic “God.”
dhṛtiḥ(धृतिः)
holding-fast
From dhṛ, “to hold.” Holding-fast; firmness as a holding.
durgeti(दुर्गेति)
dur- (“ill, hard”) + geti
dur- (“ill, hard”) + geti.
dve(द्वे)
two
dvi: two. Dual forms “these two.”
dvija(द्विज)
twice-born
dvi-ja “twice-born.” dvija-uttama: upmost of the twice-born.
dvijottama(द्विजोत्तम)
twice-born
dvi-ja “twice-born.” dvija-uttama: upmost of the twice-born.
eka(एक)
one
Inflected from eka. eka: one. The one, a single.
ekaḥ(एकः)
one
eka: one. The one, a single.
ekas(एकस्)
one
eka: one. The one, a single.
eṣa(एष)
this one
Inflected from eṣa. Masculine of etad: “this one.”
etad(एतद्)
this
Neuter of etad: “this here.” e- + tad.
etat(एतत्)
this
Neuter of etad: “this here.” e- + tad.
ete(एते)
these
Nominative plural of etad: “these.”
guruḥ(गुरुः)
the weighty one
guru: heavy, weighty. Then the weighty one, the teacher whose word has weight.
hata(हत)
striking
Inflected from hata. From han, “to strike, to slay.” Strikes; is struck; to slay; having slain.
hitam(हितम्)
beneficial
From dhā, “to place”: well-placed, beneficial.
idam(इदम्)
this
Neuter of idam: “this” (near).
iha(इह)
here
Adverb: “here, in this world.”
ime(इमे)
these
Dual/plural of idam: “these.”
jagat(जगत्)
the moving world
Inflected from jagat. From gam, “to go” (intensive): that which keeps going, the moving world.
jagataḥ(जगतः)
the moving world
From gam, “to go” (intensive): that which keeps going, the moving world.
jātaṃ(जातं)
is born
From jan, “to be born.” Is born; born.
kāle(काले)
time
kāla: time; also “the dark, the calculating.” Time as what counts out and cuts off.
karmāṇi(कर्माणि)
action
Inflected karma, from kṛ, “to do.” Deeds; in the doing; of action.
kāryam(कार्यम्)
what-is-to-be-done
Gerundive of kṛ: what is to be done; the effect as “that which is to-be-made.”
kathaya(कथय)
tell
Inflected from kathaya. From kath, “to tell.” Tell!; tells.
kurute(कुरुते)
does
From kṛ, “to do.” Does; you do!; do! (kuru can also vocative of Kuru).
mattaḥ(मत्तः)
from me
Ablative of asmad: from me.
muniḥ(मुनिः)
silent thinker
From man, “to think,” or maun “silence.” The thinker / the silent one.
nama(नम)
a bow, salutation
Inflected from nama. From nam, “to bow.” A bow, salutation.
namaḥ(नमः)
a bow, salutation
From nam, “to bow.” A bow, salutation.
namas(नमस्)
a bow, salutation
From nam, “to bow.” A bow, salutation.
nārada(नारद)
Nārada, the seer (nara + da, “giver to men,” traditionally)
Inflected from nārada. Nārada, the seer (nara + da, “giver to men,” traditionally).
nidadhe(निदधे)
ni- (“down, in”) + dadhe
ni- (“down, in”) + dadhe.
nidrā(निद्रा)
ni- (“down, in”) + drā
ni- (“down, in”) + drā.
nidre(निद्रे)
ni- (“down, in”) + dre
ni- (“down, in”) + dre.
nityaṃ(नित्यं)
continual
From ni- (“in, own”) + tya: what is in-dwelling, continual, one’s own as constant. Continually-there; not a calendar “eternal.”
para(पर)
beyond
Inflected from para. para: beyond, further, other. As a neuter noun often “what is beyond.”
parā(परा)
beyond
para: beyond, further, other. As a neuter noun often “what is beyond.”
paraḥ(परः)
beyond
para: beyond, further, other. As a neuter noun often “what is beyond.”
param(परम्)
beyond
para: beyond, further, other. As a neuter noun often “what is beyond.”
paramaṃ(परमं)
highest
Superlative of para, “beyond, further.” The furthest, the highest.
parāyaṇaṃ(परायणं)
parā- (“away, forth beyond”) + yaṇaṃ
parā- (“away, forth beyond”) + yaṇaṃ.
prabho(प्रभो)
pra- (“forth, forward”) + bho
pra- (“forth, forward”) + bho.
pracoditaḥ(प्रचोदितः)
pra- (“forth, forward”) + coditaḥ
pra- (“forth, forward”) + coditaḥ.
prāha(प्राह)
spoken forth
pra-vac, “to speak forth.” Spoken forth; he has said forth.
prakṛteḥ(प्रकृतेः)
the making-forth
pra- (“forth”) + kṛ (“to make”) + -ti. The making-forth.
prakṣepsyaty(प्रक्षेप्स्यत्य्)
pra- (“forth, forward”) + kṣepsyaty
pra- (“forth, forward”) + kṣepsyaty.
pralambo(प्रलम्बो)
pra- (“forth, forward”) + lambo
pra- (“forth, forward”) + lambo.
prāṇa(प्राण)
forward-breath
Inflected from prāṇa. pra- (“forth”) + an, “to breathe.” Forward-breath; the breath of life.
prayayau(प्रययौ)
pra- (“forth, forward”) + yayau
pra- (“forth, forward”) + yayau.
purā(पुरा)
formerly
Indeclinable: “formerly, of old.”
puruṣottama(पुरुषोत्तम)
upmost Person
puruṣa + uttama (ud-tama, upmost). O upmost Person.
puruṣottamaḥ(पुरुषोत्तमः)
upmost Person
puruṣa + uttama (ud-tama, upmost). O upmost Person.
pūrvajaḥ(पूर्वजः)
first-born
pūrva (“before, former”) + ja (jan, “to be born”). Born before; elder; first-born.
rathe(रथे)
chariot
ratha: chariot, the going-vehicle (from ram/ṛ “to go”).
rudra name(रुद्र)
” The howler; Rudra, later a name of Śiva
Inflected from rudra. From rud, “to howl, to cry.” The howler; Rudra, later a name of Śiva.
rūpa(रूप)
form
Inflected from rūpa. rūpa: form, outward shape (what is seen). Not “beauty” first.
rūpaṃ(रूपं)
form
rūpa: form, outward shape (what is seen). Not “beauty” first.
sa(स)
he
Nominative singular masculine of tad: “he, that one.”
sā(सा)
she
Nominative feminine of tad: “she, that.”
samaṣṭivyaṣṭirūpavān(समष्टिव्यष्टिरूपवान्)
sam- (“together”) + aṣṭivyaṣṭirūpavān
sam- (“together”) + aṣṭivyaṣṭirūpavān.
samidhyate(समिध्यते)
sam- (“together”) + idhyate
sam- (“together”) + idhyate.
saṃjñā(संज्ञा)
named
Inflected from saṃjñā. sam-jñā, “together-know”: a name, a designation. sañjñita: named.
saṃkarṣaṇeti(संकर्षणेति)
saṃ- (“together”) + karṣaṇeti
saṃ- (“together”) + karṣaṇeti.
saṃstavaṃ(संस्तवं)
saṃ- (“together”) + stavaṃ
saṃ- (“together”) + stavaṃ.
samūho(समूहो)
sam- (“together”) + ūho
sam- (“together”) + ūho.
sarva(सर्व)
all
Inflected from sarva. sarva: whole, all. The entire, not a leftover.
sarvam(सर्वम्)
all
sarva: whole, all. The entire, not a leftover.
sarvaṃ(सर्वं)
all
sarva: whole, all. The entire, not a leftover.
sarvān(सर्वान्)
all
sarva: whole, all. The entire, not a leftover.
sarvāṇi(सर्वाणि)
all
sarva: whole, all. The entire, not a leftover.
sarve(सर्वे)
all
Nominative plural of sarva: “all.”
sarveṣāṃ(सर्वेषां)
of all
Genitive plural of sarva: of all.
satyam(सत्यम्)
being-true
From sat, “being” (as, “to be”). Being-true; what is as it is.
śrutvā(श्रुत्वा)
hearing
From śru, “to hear.” Hear!; hears; having heard; heard.
sthānaṃ(स्थानं)
standing
From sthā, “to stand.” Standing-place; stood; having stood; stands.
sthita(स्थित)
standing
Inflected from sthita. From sthā, “to stand.” Standing-place; stood; having stood; stands.
sundo(सुन्दो)
su- (“well, good”) + ndo
su- (“well, good”) + ndo.
sura(सुर)
shining one
Inflected from sura. sura: a shining one, a god. Parallel to deva (div, “to shine”).
surā(सुरा)
shining one
sura: a shining one, a god. Parallel to deva (div, “to shine”).
surāḥ(सुराः)
shining one
sura: a shining one, a god. Parallel to deva (div, “to shine”).
surāś(सुराश्)
su- (“well, good”) + rāś
su- (“well, good”) + rāś.
sūryaḥ(सूर्यः)
the sun
From sūr / svar, “to shine.” The sun, the shining one.
sutaḥ(सुतः)
su- (“well, good”) + taḥ
su- (“well, good”) + taḥ.
sutāṃ(सुतां)
su- (“well, good”) + tāṃ
su- (“well, good”) + tāṃ.
taṃ(तं)
him
Accusative masculine of tad: “him, that.”
tān(तान्)
them
Inflected from tān. Accusative plural of tad: “them.”
tataḥ(ततः)
then
From tad + tas: “from that, then.”
tatas(ततस्)
then
From tad + tas: “from that, then.”
tathā(तथा)
so
ta- + thā: “in that way, so.”
tathaiva(तथैव)
likewise
tathā + eva: just so, likewise.
tatra(तत्र)
there
ta- + tra: “in that place, there.”
teṣāṃ(तेषां)
of them
Genitive plural of tad: “of them.”
teṣu(तेषु)
in them
Locative plural of tad: “in them.”
upayeme(उपयेमे)
upa- (“near, toward”) + yeme
upa- (“near, toward”) + yeme.
vartate(वर्तते)
turns
From vṛt, “to turn.” Turns, goes on. pra-vṛt: turns forth, starts.
vikārabhedair(विकारभेदैर्)
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + kārabhedair
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + kārabhedair.
vistareṇāhaṃ(विस्तरेणाहं)
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + stareṇāhaṃ
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + stareṇāhaṃ.
viśvarūpa(विश्वरूप)
all-form
Inflected from viśvarūpa. viśva + rūpa: all-form.
yānti(यान्ति)
going
From gam / yā, “to go.” Goes; they go; having gone; gone; he goes.
yathā(यथा)
as
ya- + thā: “in which way, as.”
yuddham(युद्धम्)
battle
From yudh, “to fight.” Fight; battle. yudhi is locative: in battle.