abhirucir(अभिरुचिर्)
abhi- (“toward, over, against”) + rucir
abhi- (“toward, over, against”) + rucir.
Word senses
Caturtha Aṃśa, Caturviṃśa Adhyāya · Back to chapter
English lines use these phrases for common nouns. Only names (people, deities, epithets) stay in Sanskrit in the translation.
āḍhyataiva(आढ्यतैव)
ā- (“unto, fully”) + ḍhyataiva
ā- (“unto, fully”) + ḍhyataiva.
antam(अन्तम्)
end
anta: end, edge, death as the end. The limit.
ante(अन्ते)
end
anta: end, edge, death as the end. The limit.
anya(अन्य)
another
Inflected from anya. Nominative singular of anya: “another.”
anye(अन्ये)
others
Nominative plural of anya: “others.” From anya “other, not this.”
aṣṭau(अष्टौ)
eight
aṣṭan: eight.
ātmajayaṃ(आत्मजयं)
ā- (“unto, fully”) + tmajayaṃ
ā- (“unto, fully”) + tmajayaṃ.
ātmajaye(आत्मजये)
ā- (“unto, fully”) + tmajaye
ā- (“unto, fully”) + tmajaye.
atra(अत्र)
here
a- + tra: “in this place.” Here.
bhagavat(भगवत्)
the Lord
Inflected from bhagavat. bhaga (“share, portion, majesty,” from bhaj “to share”) + -vant “possessing.” One who has the share of majesty. The Lord as the one possessed of majesty, not a first name.
bhāva(भाव)
coming-to-be
Inflected from bhāva. From bhū, “to be, to come to be.” Coming-to-be; a state of being.
brāhmaṇaḥ(ब्राह्मणः)
a brāhmaṇa
Belonging to brahman (that-which-is-vast). A person of that class; not the same word as brahma.
brāhmaṇāḥ(ब्राह्मणाः)
a brāhmaṇa
Belonging to brahman (that-which-is-vast). A person of that class; not the same word as brahma.
cāpa(चाप)
bow
Inflected from cāpa. dhanus: bow. cāpa also bow.
catvāraḥ(चत्वारः)
four
catur: four.
dānam(दानम्)
giving
From dā, “to give.” Giving; the gift.
daśa(दश)
ten
daśan: ten.
dṛśyate(दृश्यते)
is seen
Passive of dṛś: it is seen.
dvija(द्विज)
twice-born
dvi-ja “twice-born.” dvija-uttama: upmost of the twice-born.
dvijottama(द्विजोत्तम)
twice-born
dvi-ja “twice-born.” dvija-uttama: upmost of the twice-born.
ekaṃ(एकं)
one
eka: one. The one, a single.
eṣa(एष)
this one
Inflected from eṣa. Masculine of etad: “this one.”
etad(एतद्)
this
Neuter of etad: “this here.” e- + tad.
ete(एते)
these
Nominative plural of etad: “these.”
gata(गत)
going
Inflected from gata. From gam / yā, “to go.” Goes; they go; having gone; gone; he goes.
gataḥ(गतः)
going
From gam / yā, “to go.” Goes; they go; having gone; gone; he goes.
imaṃ(इमं)
this
Accusative masculine of idam: “this.”
ime(इमे)
these
Dual/plural of idam: “these.”
jagat(जगत्)
the moving world
From gam, “to go” (intensive): that which keeps going, the moving world.
jagataḥ(जगतः)
the moving world
From gam, “to go” (intensive): that which keeps going, the moving world.
jātaṃ(जातं)
is born
From jan, “to be born.” Is born; born.
jñātvā(ज्ञात्वा)
knowing
From jñā, “to know.” Having known; knows; to-be-known.
jñeyaṃ(ज्ञेयं)
knowing
From jñā, “to know.” Having known; knows; to-be-known.
kāle(काले)
time
kāla: time; also “the dark, the calculating.” Time as what counts out and cuts off.
kālena(कालेन)
time
kāla: time; also “the dark, the calculating.” Time as what counts out and cuts off.
kāryaṃ(कार्यं)
what-is-to-be-done
Gerundive of kṛ: what is to be done; the effect as “that which is to-be-made.”
kaścit(कश्चित्)
someone
kas + cid: “someone, anyone.” cid makes the question indefinite.
katham(कथम्)
how
ka- + tham: “how?”
kathaṃ(कथं)
how
ka- + tham: “how?”
kṛṣṇa(कृष्ण)
Vocative: O Kṛṣṇa
Inflected from kṛṣṇa. kṛṣṇa: dark, black. From kṛṣ, “to draw, to drag,” or as the dark colour. The dark one. Vocative: O Kṛṣṇa.
kṣatriya(क्षत्रिय)
warrior-ruler
Inflected from kṣatriya. From kṣatra, “dominion, power to wound/rule” (kṣi / kṣat). One of the ruling-warrior class.
kurute(कुरुते)
does
From kṛ, “to do.” Does; you do!; do! (kuru can also vocative of Kuru).
lokān(लोकान्)
world
From lok, “to see”: a seen-world.
madhye(मध्ये)
middle
madhya: middle.
maharṣayaḥ(महर्षयः)
great seer
mahā + ṛṣi: great seer.
mithyā(मिथ्या)
falsely
Indeclinable: “falsely, as a misfit.”
mṛta(मृत)
dies
Inflected from mṛta. From mṛ, “to die.” Dies; dead.
mṛtyu(मृत्यु)
dying
Inflected from mṛtyu. From mṛ, “to die.” Dying; death.
muniḥ(मुनिः)
silent thinker
From man, “to think,” or maun “silence.” The thinker / the silent one.
naiva(नैव)
not at all
na “not” + eva “just.”
nāma(नाम)
name
nāman: name, from a root of bending/marking. The name.
naraḥ(नरः)
a man
nara: a man, a human being (as mortal person).
nava(नव)
nine
navan: nine. Also nava “new.”
nibodha(निबोध)
learn
ni-budh, “to wake to, to learn.” Learn! Know!
niḥśeṣeṇa(निःशेषेण)
ni- (“down, in”) + ḥśeṣeṇa
ni- (“down, in”) + ḥśeṣeṇa.
nikhilo(निखिलो)
ni- (“down, in”) + khilo
ni- (“down, in”) + khilo.
nimittāni(निमित्तानि)
ni- (“down, in”) + mittāni
ni- (“down, in”) + mittāni.
nitye(नित्ये)
continual
From ni- (“in, own”) + tya: what is in-dwelling, continual, one’s own as constant. Continually-there; not a calendar “eternal.”
pañca(पञ्च)
five
pañcan: five.
pāṇḍavaḥ name(पाण्डवः)
The pale-king’s sons
Descendants of Pāṇḍu (pāṇḍu “pale”). The pale-king’s sons.
paṇḍita(पण्डित)
a learned one
Inflected from paṇḍita. paṇḍita: learned, from a stem of wisdom/heap. One who knows.
pāpam(पापम्)
ill-deed
pāpa: evil, what is ill, a bad deed. Not a Christian “sin” imported whole.
pariṇatānām(परिणतानाम्)
pari- (“around”) + ṇatānām
pari- (“around”) + ṇatānām.
phalam(फलम्)
fruit
Fruit; the produce of a deed (from a root of bursting/ripening). Result as fruit, not a score.
pitā(पिता)
father
pitṛ: father (the protector/nourisher).
pracacāra(प्रचचार)
pra- (“forth, forward”) + cacāra
pra- (“forth, forward”) + cacāra.
pradyotāḥ(प्रद्योताः)
pra- (“forth, forward”) + dyotāḥ
pra- (“forth, forward”) + dyotāḥ.
praṇaśyaty(प्रणश्यत्य्)
pra- (“forth, forward”) + ṇaśyaty
pra- (“forth, forward”) + ṇaśyaty.
pravilla(प्रविल्ल)
pra- (“forth, forward”) + villa
pra- (“forth, forward”) + villa.
prokta(प्रोक्त)
spoken forth
Inflected from prokta. pra-vac, “to speak forth.” Spoken forth; he has said forth.
punaḥ(पुनः)
again
Adverb: “again, back.”
pūrvaja name(पूर्वज)
first-born
Inflected from pūrvaja. pūrva (“before, former”) + ja (jan, “to be born”). Born before; elder; first-born.
sa(स)
he
Nominative singular masculine of tad: “he, that one.”
samaṃ(समं)
even
sama: same, even, equal. Evenness.
samatītāḥ(समतीताः)
sam- (“together”) + atītāḥ
sam- (“together”) + atītāḥ.
saṃkalpavikalpahetuḥ(संकल्पविकल्पहेतुः)
saṃ- (“together”) + kalpavikalpahetuḥ
saṃ- (“together”) + kalpavikalpahetuḥ.
saṃkṣayo(संक्षयो)
saṃ- (“together”) + kṣayo
saṃ- (“together”) + kṣayo.
samyaṅ(सम्यङ्)
sam- (“together”) + yaṅ
sam- (“together”) + yaṅ.
sapta(सप्त)
seven
saptan: seven.
sarve(सर्वे)
all
Nominative plural of sarva: “all.”
satyaṃ(सत्यं)
being-true
From sat, “being” (as, “to be”). Being-true; what is as it is.
śṛṇoti(शृणोति)
hearing
From śru, “to hear.” Hear!; hears; having heard; heard.
śrutvā(श्रुत्वा)
hearing
From śru, “to hear.” Hear!; hears; having heard; heard.
śūdra(शूद्र)
a śūdra
Inflected from śūdra. The fourth class; traditionally from śuc/śudh or as the name of that group. The serving class in varṇa-talk.
sundaraḥ(सुन्दरः)
su- (“well, good”) + ndaraḥ
su- (“well, good”) + ndaraḥ.
sutāḥ(सुताः)
su- (“well, good”) + tāḥ
su- (“well, good”) + tāḥ.
svayam(स्वयम्)
oneself
sva + yam: by oneself; of one’s own accord.
tadā(तदा)
then
ta- + dā: “at that time, then.”
taṃ(तं)
him
Accusative masculine of tad: “him, that.”
tān(तान्)
them
Inflected from tān. Accusative plural of tad: “them.”
tapa(तप)
heat
Inflected from tapa. From tap, “to heat, to burn.” Heat; the heating of oneself (austerity as inner heat, not grim duty).
tataḥ(ततः)
then
From tad + tas: “from that, then.”
tatas(ततस्)
then
From tad + tas: “from that, then.”
tathā(तथा)
so
ta- + thā: “in that way, so.”
tatra(तत्र)
there
ta- + tra: “in that place, there.”
teṣām(तेषाम्)
of them
Genitive plural of tad: “of them.”
teṣāṃ(तेषां)
of them
Genitive plural of tad: “of them.”
teṣu(तेषु)
in them
Locative plural of tad: “in them.”
tiṣṭhanti(तिष्ठन्ति)
stands
From sthā, “to stand.” Stands.
trayaḥ(त्रयः)
three
tri: three.
trīṇi(त्रीणि)
three
tri: three.
uditau(उदितौ)
ud- (“up, out”) + itau
ud- (“up, out”) + itau.
vaiśya(वैश्य)
a vaiśya
Inflected from vaiśya. From viś, “settlement, the people.” One of the settler/producer class.
varṇa(वर्ण)
colour-class
Inflected from varṇa. From vṛ, “to cover, to choose.” Colour, covering, then class as a covering-name.
vihāya(विहाय)
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + hāya
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + hāya.
vilayaṃ(विलयं)
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + layaṃ
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + layaṃ.
vimiśrā(विमिश्रा)
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + miśrā
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + miśrā.
vimūḍhatvāj(विमूढत्वाज्)
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + mūḍhatvāj
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + mūḍhatvāj.
vinaṣṭaḥ(विनष्टः)
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + naṣṭaḥ
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + naṣṭaḥ.
viparītāni(विपरीतानि)
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + parītāni
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + parītāni.
viparyayeṇa(विपर्ययेण)
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + paryayeṇa
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + paryayeṇa.
viplavam(विप्लवम्)
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + plavam
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + plavam.
vivāhahetuḥ(विवाहहेतुः)
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + vāhahetuḥ
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + vāhahetuḥ.
ya(य)
who
Inflected from ya. Nominative singular of yad: “who, which.”
yadā(यदा)
when
ya- + dā: “at which time, when.”
yaḥ(यः)
who
Nominative singular of yad: “who, which.”
yajñā(यज्ञा)
offering
From yaj, “to offer.” The offering.
yathā(यथा)
as
ya- + thā: “in which way, as.”
yāti(याति)
going
From gam / yā, “to go.” Goes; they go; having gone; gone; he goes.
yatra(यत्र)
where
ya- + tra: “in which place, where.”
yudhiṣṭhiraḥ(युधिष्ठिरः)
Steady in battle
yudhi (locative of yudh, “battle”) + sthira (sthā, “to stand”). Steady in battle.