Caturtha Aṃśa, Ekonaviṃśa Adhyāya

Viṣṇu Purāṇa · Word senses (54)

English uses glossary phrases; only names stay in Sanskrit. Hover or tap words in the IAST line, or open Word make-up under each verse. Word senses lists every noun in this chapter.

Devanagari scan

From your Viṣṇucittīya edition (Oriental Institute, 1972). Open PDF

इति श्रीविष्णुपुराणे चतुर्थे ऽंशे ऽष्टदशो ऽध्यायः पूरोर् जनमेजयः पुत्रस् तस्यापि प्रचिन्वान् प्रचिन्वतः प्रवीरः तस्मान् मनस्युर् मनस्योश् चाभयदस् तस्यापि सुद्युः सुद्योर् बहुगवः तस्यापि संयातिः संयातेर् अहंयातिः ततो रौद्राश्वः ऋतेयुः कक्षेयुः स्थण्डिलेयुर् धृतेयुर् जलेयुः स्थलेयुर् धर्मेयुः संनतेयुर् धनेयुर् वनेयुर् नामानो रौद्राश्वस्य दशात्मजा व् पुत्रा बभूवुः ऋतेयो रन्तिनारः पुत्रो ऽभूत् सुमतिम् अप्रतिरथं ध्रुवं च रन्तिनारः पुत्रान् अवाप अप्रतिरथात् कण्वस् तस्यापि मेधातिथिः यतः कण्वायना द्विजा बभूवुः अप्रतिरथस्यापरः पुत्रो ऽभूद् ऐलीनः ततो दुष्यन्ताद्याश् चत्वारः पुत्रा बभूवुः दुष्यन्ताच् चक्रवर्ती भरतो ऽभवत् यन्नामहेतुर् देवैः श्लोको गीयते माता भस्त्रा पितुः पुत्रो येन जातः स एव सः भरस्व पुत्रं दुष्यन्त मावमंस्थाः शकुन्तलाम्

[[iti śrīviṣṇupurāṇe caturthe 'ṃśe 'ṣṭadaśo 'dhyāyaḥ ]] pūror janamejayaḥ putras tasyāpi pracinvān pracinvataḥ pravīraḥ tasmān manasyur manasyoś cābhayadas tasyāpi sudyuḥ sudyor bahugavaḥ tasyāpi saṃyātiḥ saṃyāter ahaṃyātiḥ tato raudrāśvaḥ ṛteyuḥ kakṣeyuḥ sthaṇḍileyur dhṛteyur jaleyuḥ sthaleyur dharmeyuḥ saṃnateyur dhaneyur vaneyur nāmāno raudrāśvasya daśātmajā v putrā babhūvuḥ ṛteyo rantināraḥ putro 'bhūt sumatim apratirathaṃ dhruvaṃ ca rantināraḥ putrān avāpa apratirathāt kaṇvas tasyāpi medhātithiḥ yataḥ kaṇvāyanā dvijā babhūvuḥ apratirathasyāparaḥ putro 'bhūd ailīnaḥ tato duṣyantādyāś catvāraḥ putrā babhūvuḥ duṣyantāc cakravartī bharato 'bhavat yannāmahetur devaiḥ śloko gīyate mātā bhastrā pituḥ putro yena jātaḥ sa eva saḥ bharasva putraṃ duṣyanta māvamaṃsthāḥ śakuntalām

[4.19.1] pra- (“forth, forward”) + cinvān pra- (“forth, forward”) + cinvataḥ pra- (“forth, forward”) + vīraḥ su- (“well, good”) + dyuḥ su- (“well, good”) + dyor going that saṃ- (“together”) + nateyur my a- (“not”) + pratirathaṃ and a- (“not”) + pratirathāt which twice-born a- (“not”) + ilīnaḥ that four shining one is sung father by which is born he just he

Word make-up

[[iti (इति): [[iti is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
śrīviṣṇupurāṇe (श्रीविष्णुपुराणे): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.”
caturthe (चतुर्थे): caturthe is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
'ṃśe (ऽंशे): 'ṃśe is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
'ṣṭadaśo (ऽष्टदशो): 'ṣṭadaśo is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
'dhyāyaḥ (ऽध्यायः): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
]]: ]] is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
pūror (पूरोर्): The core matches the root pū, “to purify.”
janamejayaḥ (जनमेजयः): The core matches the root nam, “to bow.”
putras (पुत्रस्): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
tasyāpi (तस्यापि): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.”
pracinvān (प्रचिन्वान्): pra- (“forth, forward”) + cinvān; pra- (“forth, forward”) + cinvān.
pracinvataḥ (प्रचिन्वतः): pra- (“forth, forward”) + cinvataḥ; pra- (“forth, forward”) + cinvataḥ.
pravīraḥ (प्रवीरः): pra- (“forth, forward”) + vīraḥ; pra- (“forth, forward”) + vīraḥ.
tasmān (तस्मान्): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
manasyur (मनस्युर्): The core matches the root man, “to think.”
manasyoś (मनस्योश्): The core matches the root man, “to think.”
cābhayadas (चाभयदस्): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
tasyāpi (तस्यापि): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.”
sudyuḥ (सुद्युः): su- (“well, good”) + dyuḥ; su- (“well, good”) + dyuḥ.
sudyor (सुद्योर्): su- (“well, good”) + dyor; su- (“well, good”) + dyor.
bahugavaḥ (बहुगवः): The core matches the root hu, “to pour the offering.”
tasyāpi (तस्यापि): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.”
saṃyātiḥ (संयातिः): going; saṃ- (“together”) joined to yātiḥ. From gam / yā, “to go.” Goes; they go; having gone; gone; he goes. Together the form means saṃ + that sense.
saṃyāter (संयातेर्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.” saṃ- (“together”) + yāter.
ahaṃyātiḥ (अहंयातिः): The core matches the root yā, “to go.” a- (“not”) + haṃyātiḥ.
tato (ततो): that; Inflected from tat. Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
raudrāśvaḥ (रौद्राश्वः): raudrāśvaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ṛteyuḥ (ऋतेयुः): ṛteyuḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
kakṣeyuḥ (कक्षेयुः): kakṣeyuḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sthaṇḍileyur (स्थण्डिलेयुर्): sthaṇḍileyur is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
dhṛteyur (धृतेयुर्): The core matches the root dhṛ, “to hold.”
jaleyuḥ (जलेयुः): jaleyuḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sthaleyur (स्थलेयुर्): sthaleyur is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
dharmeyuḥ (धर्मेयुः): dharmeyuḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
saṃnateyur (संनतेयुर्): saṃ- (“together”) + nateyur; saṃ- (“together”) + nateyur.
dhaneyur (धनेयुर्): The core matches the root han, “to strike.”
vaneyur (वनेयुर्): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
nāmāno (नामानो): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
raudrāśvasya (रौद्राश्वस्य): The core matches the root vas, “to dwell.”
daśātmajā (दशात्मजा): daśātmajā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
v (व्): v is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
putrā (पुत्रा): putrā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
babhūvuḥ (बभूवुः): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
ṛteyo (ऋतेयो): ṛteyo is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
rantināraḥ (रन्तिनारः): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
putro (पुत्रो): putro is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
'bhūt (ऽभूत्): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
sumatim (सुमतिम्): my; su- (“well, good”) joined to matim. mad-/mat- from asmad, the “I” stem: my, of me, coming from me. Together the form means su + that sense.
apratirathaṃ (अप्रतिरथं): a- (“not”) + pratirathaṃ; a- (“not”) + pratirathaṃ.
dhruvaṃ (ध्रुवं): dhruvaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
rantināraḥ (रन्तिनारः): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
putrān (पुत्रान्): putrān is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
avāpa (अवाप): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.” a- (“not”) + vāpa.
apratirathāt (अप्रतिरथात्): a- (“not”) + pratirathāt; a- (“not”) + pratirathāt.
kaṇvas (कण्वस्): The core matches the root vas, “to dwell.”
tasyāpi (तस्यापि): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.”
medhātithiḥ (मेधातिथिः): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.”
yataḥ (यतः): which; Inflected from yat. Neuter of yad: “which, what, that.” Relative stem ya-.
kaṇvāyanā (कण्वायना): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
dvijā (द्विजा): twice-born; Inflected from dvija. dvi-ja “twice-born.” dvija-uttama: upmost of the twice-born.
babhūvuḥ (बभूवुः): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
apratirathasyāparaḥ (अप्रतिरथस्यापरः): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.” a- (“not”) + pratirathasyāparaḥ.
putro (पुत्रो): putro is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
'bhūd (ऽभूद्): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
ailīnaḥ (ऐलीनः): a- (“not”) + ilīnaḥ; a- (“not”) + ilīnaḥ.
tato (ततो): that; Inflected from tat. Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
duṣyantādyāś (दुष्यन्ताद्याश्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
catvāraḥ (चत्वारः): four; catur: four.
putrā (पुत्रा): putrā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
babhūvuḥ (बभूवुः): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
duṣyantāc (दुष्यन्ताच्): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
cakravartī (चक्रवर्ती): cakravartī is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
bharato (भरतो): bharato is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
'bhavat (ऽभवत्): 'bhavat is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
yannāmahetur (यन्नामहेतुर्): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
devaiḥ (देवैः): shining one; Inflected from deva. From div, “to shine.” A shining one; a god as a shining being, not a generic “God.”
śloko (श्लोको): The core matches the root lok, “to see, to shine.”
gīyate (गीयते): is sung; Passive of gai, “to sing.” It is sung.
mātā (माता): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
bhastrā (भस्त्रा): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
pituḥ (पितुः): father; pitṛ: father (the protector/nourisher).
putro (पुत्रो): putro is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
yena (येन): by which; Instrumental of yad: “by which.”
jātaḥ (जातः): is born; From jan, “to be born.” Is born; born.
sa (स): he; Nominative singular masculine of tad: “he, that one.”
eva (एव): just; Particle of restriction or emphasis: “only, just, indeed.”
saḥ (सः): he; Nominative singular masculine of tad: “he, that one.”
bharasva (भरस्व): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
putraṃ (पुत्रं): putraṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
duṣyanta (दुष्यन्त): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
māvamaṃsthāḥ (मावमंस्थाः): The core matches the root sthā, “to stand.”
śakuntalām (शकुन्तलाम्): The core matches the root śak, “to be able.”

रेतोधाः पुत्रो नयति नरदेव यमक्षयात् त्वं चास्य धाता गर्भस्य सत्यम् आह शकुन्तला

retodhāḥ putro nayati naradeva yamakṣayāt tvaṃ cāsya dhātā garbhasya satyam āha śakuntalā

[4.19.2] leads you being-true said

Word make-up

retodhāḥ (रेतोधाः): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.”
putro (पुत्रो): putro is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
nayati (नयति): leads; From nī, “to lead.” Leads.
naradeva (नरदेव): naradeva is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
yamakṣayāt (यमक्षयात्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
tvaṃ (त्वं): you; Nominative of yuṣmad: “you.”
cāsya (चास्य): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
dhātā (धाता): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.”
garbhasya (गर्भस्य): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
satyam (सत्यम्): being-true; From sat, “being” (as, “to be”). Being-true; what is as it is.
āha (आह): said; Perfect of ah, “to say.” He said.
śakuntalā (शकुन्तला): The core matches the root śak, “to be able.”

भरतस्य पत्नित्रये नव पुत्रा बभूवुः नैते ममानुरूपा इत्य् अभिहितास् तन्मातरो जघ्नुः परित्यागभयात् ततो ऽस्य वितथे पुत्रजन्मनि पुत्रार्थिनो मरुत्सोमयाजिनो दीर्घतमसा पार्ष्ण्यपास्तबृहस्पतिवीर्याद् उतथ्यपत्नीममतासमुत्पन्नो भरद्वाजाख्यः पुत्रो मरुद्भिर् दत्तः

bharatasya patnitraye nava putrā babhūvuḥ naite mamānurūpā ity abhihitās tanmātaro jaghnuḥ parityāgabhayāt tato 'sya vitathe putrajanmani putrārthino marutsomayājino dīrghatamasā pārṣṇyapāstabṛhaspativīryād utathyapatnīmamatāsamutpanno bharadvājākhyaḥ putro marudbhir dattaḥ

[4.19.3] nine that vi- (“apart, asunder”) + tathe

Word make-up

bharatasya (भरतस्य): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
patnitraye (पत्नित्रये): The core matches the root pat, “to fall.”
nava (नव): nine; navan: nine. Also nava “new.”
putrā (पुत्रा): putrā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
babhūvuḥ (बभूवुः): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
naite (नैते): naite is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
mamānurūpā (ममानुरूपा): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.”
ity (इत्य्): ity is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
abhihitās (अभिहितास्): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.” abhi- (“toward, over, against”) + hitās.
tanmātaro (तन्मातरो): The core matches the root tan, “to stretch.”
jaghnuḥ (जघ्नुः): jaghnuḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
parityāgabhayāt (परित्यागभयात्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.” pari- (“around”) + tyāgabhayāt.
tato (ततो): that; Inflected from tat. Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
'sya (ऽस्य): 'sya is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
vitathe (वितथे): vi- (“apart, asunder”) + tathe; vi- (“apart, asunder”) + tathe.
putrajanmani (पुत्रजन्मनि): The core matches the root man, “to think.”
putrārthino (पुत्रार्थिनो): putrārthino is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
marutsomayājino (मरुत्सोमयाजिनो): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
dīrghatamasā (दीर्घतमसा): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
pārṣṇyapāstabṛhaspativīryād (पार्ष्ण्यपास्तबृहस्पतिवीर्याद्): The core matches the root pat, “to fall.”
utathyapatnīmamatāsamutpanno (उतथ्यपत्नीममतासमुत्पन्नो): The core matches the root pat, “to fall.” ut- (“up, out”) + athyapatnīmamatāsamutpanno.
bharadvājākhyaḥ (भरद्वाजाख्यः): bharadvājākhyaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
putro (पुत्रो): putro is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
marudbhir (मरुद्भिर्): marudbhir is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
dattaḥ (दत्तः): dattaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

तस्यापि नामनिर्वचनश्लोकः पठ्यते

tasyāpi nāmanirvacanaślokaḥ paṭhyate

[4.19.4]

Word make-up

tasyāpi (तस्यापि): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.”
nāmanirvacanaślokaḥ (नामनिर्वचनश्लोकः): The core matches the root vac, “to speak.”
paṭhyate (पठ्यते): paṭhyate is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

मूढे भर द्वाजम् इमं भर द्वाजं बृहस्पते यातौ यद् उक्त्वा पितरौ भरद्वाजस् ततस् त्व् अयम्

mūḍhe bhara dvājam imaṃ bhara dvājaṃ bṛhaspate yātau yad uktvā pitarau bharadvājas tatas tv ayam

[4.19.5] confounded this which having said then this

Word make-up

mūḍhe (मूढे): confounded; Inflected from mūḍha. Past participle of muh, “to be confused.” Confounded; the confused one.
bhara (भर): bhara is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
dvājam (द्वाजम्): dvājam is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
imaṃ (इमं): this; Accusative masculine of idam: “this.”
bhara (भर): bhara is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
dvājaṃ (द्वाजं): dvājaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
bṛhaspate (बृहस्पते): The core matches the root pat, “to fall.”
yātau (यातौ): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
yad (यद्): which; Neuter of yad: “which, what, that.” Relative stem ya-.
uktvā (उक्त्वा): having said; Gerund of vac: “having said.”
pitarau (पितरौ): pitarau is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
bharadvājas (भरद्वाजस्): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
tatas (ततस्): then; From tad + tas: “from that, then.”
tv (त्व्): tv is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ayam (अयम्): this; Masculine of idam: “this one.”

इति भरद्वाजश् च तस्य वितथे पुत्रजन्मनि मरुद्भिर् दत्तस् ततो वितथसंज्ञाम् अवाप

iti bharadvājaś ca tasya vitathe putrajanmani marudbhir dattas tato vitathasaṃjñām avāpa

[4.19.6] thus and of that vi- (“apart, asunder”) + tathe that

Word make-up

iti (इति): thus; Quotative particle: “thus” — closes speech or thought.
bharadvājaś (भरद्वाजश्): bharadvājaś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
tasya (तस्य): of that; Genitive of tad: “of that, his.”
vitathe (वितथे): vi- (“apart, asunder”) + tathe; vi- (“apart, asunder”) + tathe.
putrajanmani (पुत्रजन्मनि): The core matches the root man, “to think.”
marudbhir (मरुद्भिर्): marudbhir is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
dattas (दत्तस्): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
tato (ततो): that; Inflected from tat. Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
vitathasaṃjñām (वितथसंज्ञाम्): The core matches the root jñā, “to know.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + tathasaṃjñām.
avāpa (अवाप): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.” a- (“not”) + vāpa.

वितथस्य भवन् मन्युः पुत्रो ऽभूत् बृहत्क्षत्रमहावीर्यनरगर्गा अभवन् मन्युपुत्राः नरस्य संकृतिः संकृते रुचिरधीरन्तिदेवौ गर्गाच् छिनिस् ततो गार्ग्याः शैन्याः क्षत्रोपेता द्विजातयो बभूवुः

vitathasya bhavan manyuḥ putro 'bhūt bṛhatkṣatramahāvīryanaragargā abhavan manyuputrāḥ narasya saṃkṛtiḥ saṃkṛte ruciradhīrantidevau gargāc chinis tato gārgyāḥ śainyāḥ kṣatropetā dvijātayo babhūvuḥ

[4.19.7] a man that

Word make-up

vitathasya (वितथस्य): The core matches the root as, “to be.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + tathasya.
bhavan (भवन्): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
manyuḥ (मन्युः): The core matches the root man, “to think.”
putro (पुत्रो): putro is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
'bhūt (ऽभूत्): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
bṛhatkṣatramahāvīryanaragargā (बृहत्क्षत्रमहावीर्यनरगर्गा): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
abhavan (अभवन्): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.” a- (“not”) + bhavan.
manyuputrāḥ (मन्युपुत्राः): The core matches the root man, “to think.”
narasya (नरस्य): a man; Inflected from nara. nara: a man, a human being (as mortal person).
saṃkṛtiḥ (संकृतिः): The core matches the root kṛ, “to do, to make.” saṃ- (“together”) + kṛtiḥ.
saṃkṛte (संकृते): The core matches the root kṛ, “to do, to make.” saṃ- (“together”) + kṛte.
ruciradhīrantidevau (रुचिरधीरन्तिदेवौ): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
gargāc (गर्गाच्): gargāc is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
chinis (छिनिस्): chinis is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tato (ततो): that; Inflected from tat. Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
gārgyāḥ (गार्ग्याः): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
śainyāḥ (शैन्याः): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
kṣatropetā (क्षत्रोपेता): kṣatropetā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
dvijātayo (द्विजातयो): dvijātayo is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
babhūvuḥ (बभूवुः): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”

महावीर्याद् दुरुक्षयो नाम पुत्रो ऽभूत् तस्य त्रय्यारुणपुष्करिणौ कपिश् च पुत्रत्रयम् अभूत् तच् च त्रितयम् अपि पश्चाद् विप्रताम् उपजगाम बृहत्क्षत्रस्य सुहोत्रः सुहोत्राद् धस्ती य इदं हस्तिनापुरम् आरोपयाम् आस अजमीढद्विमीढपुरुमीढास् त्रयो हस्तिनस् तनयाः अजमीढात् कण्वः कण्वान् मेधातिथिः यतः कण्वायना द्विजाः

mahāvīryād durukṣayo nāma putro 'bhūt tasya trayyāruṇapuṣkariṇau kapiś ca putratrayam abhūt tac ca tritayam api paścād vipratām upajagāma bṛhatkṣatrasya suhotraḥ suhotrād dhastī ya idaṃ hastināpuram āropayām āsa ajamīḍhadvimīḍhapurumīḍhās trayo hastinas tanayāḥ ajamīḍhāt kaṇvaḥ kaṇvān medhātithiḥ yataḥ kaṇvāyanā dvijāḥ

[4.19.8] dur- (“ill, hard”) + ukṣayo name of that and and also vi- (“apart, asunder”) + pratām upa- (“near, toward”) + jagāma su- (“well, good”) + hotraḥ su- (“well, good”) + hotrād who this three a- (“not”) + jamīḍhāt which twice-born

Word make-up

mahāvīryād (महावीर्याद्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
durukṣayo (दुरुक्षयो): dur- (“ill, hard”) + ukṣayo; dur- (“ill, hard”) + ukṣayo.
nāma (नाम): name; nāman: name, from a root of bending/marking. The name.
putro (पुत्रो): putro is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
'bhūt (ऽभूत्): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
tasya (तस्य): of that; Genitive of tad: “of that, his.”
trayyāruṇapuṣkariṇau (त्रय्यारुणपुष्करिणौ): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
kapiś (कपिश्): kapiś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
putratrayam (पुत्रत्रयम्): putratrayam is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
abhūt (अभूत्): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.” a- (“not”) + bhūt.
tac (तच्): tac is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
tritayam (त्रितयम्): tritayam is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
api (अपि): also; Particle: “also, even, though.”
paścād (पश्चाद्): paścād is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
vipratām (विप्रताम्): vi- (“apart, asunder”) + pratām; vi- (“apart, asunder”) + pratām.
upajagāma (उपजगाम): upa- (“near, toward”) + jagāma; upa- (“near, toward”) + jagāma.
bṛhatkṣatrasya (बृहत्क्षत्रस्य): The core matches the root bṛh, “to swell, to grow vast.”
suhotraḥ (सुहोत्रः): su- (“well, good”) + hotraḥ; su- (“well, good”) + hotraḥ.
suhotrād (सुहोत्राद्): su- (“well, good”) + hotrād; su- (“well, good”) + hotrād.
dhastī (धस्ती): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
ya (य): who; Nominative singular of yad: “who, which.”
idaṃ (इदं): this; Neuter of idam: “this” (near).
hastināpuram (हस्तिनापुरम्): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
āropayām (आरोपयाम्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.” ā- (“unto, fully”) + ropayām.
āsa (आस): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
ajamīḍhadvimīḍhapurumīḍhās (अजमीढद्विमीढपुरुमीढास्): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.” a- (“not”) + jamīḍhadvimīḍhapurumīḍhās.
trayo (त्रयो): three; Inflected from traya. tri: three.
hastinas (हस्तिनस्): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
tanayāḥ (तनयाः): The core matches the root tan, “to stretch.”
ajamīḍhāt (अजमीढात्): a- (“not”) + jamīḍhāt; a- (“not”) + jamīḍhāt.
kaṇvaḥ (कण्वः): kaṇvaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
kaṇvān (कण्वान्): kaṇvān is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
medhātithiḥ (मेधातिथिः): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.”
yataḥ (यतः): which; Inflected from yat. Neuter of yad: “which, what, that.” Relative stem ya-.
kaṇvāyanā (कण्वायना): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
dvijāḥ (द्विजाः): twice-born; Inflected from dvija. dvi-ja “twice-born.” dvija-uttama: upmost of the twice-born.

अजमीढस्यान्यः पुत्रो बृहदिषुः ततो बृहद्धनुस् ततश् च बृहत्कर्मा तस्माज् जयद्रथस् ततो ऽपि विश्वजित् ततः सेनजित् रुचिराश्वकाश्यदृढहनुवत्सहनुसंज्ञाः सेनजितः पुत्राः रुचिराश्वतः पृथुसेनः तस्मात् पारः पारान् नीपः तस्यैकशतं पुत्राणाम् तेषां प्रधानः काम्पिल्याधिपतिः समरः

ajamīḍhasyānyaḥ putro bṛhadiṣuḥ tato bṛhaddhanus tataś ca bṛhatkarmā tasmāj jayadrathas tato 'pi viśvajit tataḥ senajit rucirāśvakāśyadṛḍhahanuvatsahanusaṃjñāḥ senajitaḥ putrāḥ rucirāśvataḥ pṛthusenaḥ tasmāt pāraḥ pārān nīpaḥ tasyaikaśataṃ putrāṇām teṣāṃ pradhānaḥ kāmpilyādhipatiḥ samaraḥ

[4.19.9] that and that then therefore of them sam- (“together”) + araḥ

Word make-up

ajamīḍhasyānyaḥ (अजमीढस्यान्यः): The core matches the root yā, “to go.” a- (“not”) + jamīḍhasyānyaḥ.
putro (पुत्रो): putro is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
bṛhadiṣuḥ (बृहदिषुः): The core matches the root bṛh, “to swell, to grow vast.”
tato (ततो): that; Inflected from tat. Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
bṛhaddhanus (बृहद्धनुस्): The core matches the root han, “to strike.”
tataś (ततश्): tataś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
bṛhatkarmā (बृहत्कर्मा): The core matches the root bṛh, “to swell, to grow vast.”
tasmāj (तस्माज्): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
jayadrathas (जयद्रथस्): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
tato (ततो): that; Inflected from tat. Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
'pi (ऽपि): 'pi is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
viśvajit (विश्वजित्): The core matches the root viś, “to enter.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + śvajit.
tataḥ (ततः): then; From tad + tas: “from that, then.”
senajit (सेनजित्): The core matches the root ji, “to conquer.”
rucirāśvakāśyadṛḍhahanuvatsahanusaṃjñāḥ (रुचिराश्वकाश्यदृढहनुवत्सहनुसंज्ञाः): The core matches the root jñā, “to know.”
senajitaḥ (सेनजितः): The core matches the root ji, “to conquer.”
putrāḥ (पुत्राः): putrāḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
rucirāśvataḥ (रुचिराश्वतः): rucirāśvataḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
pṛthusenaḥ (पृथुसेनः): The core matches the root hu, “to pour the offering.”
tasmāt (तस्मात्): therefore; Ablative of tad: “from that”; often “therefore.”
pāraḥ (पारः): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.”
pārān (पारान्): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.”
nīpaḥ (नीपः): The core matches the root nī, “to lead.”
tasyaikaśataṃ (तस्यैकशतं): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
putrāṇām (पुत्राणाम्): putrāṇām is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
teṣāṃ (तेषां): of them; Genitive plural of tad: “of them.”
pradhānaḥ (प्रधानः): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + dhānaḥ.
kāmpilyādhipatiḥ (काम्पिल्याधिपतिः): The core matches the root pat, “to fall.”
samaraḥ (समरः): sam- (“together”) + araḥ; sam- (“together”) + araḥ.

समरस्यापि पारसुपारसदश्वास् त्रयः पुत्राः पारात् पृथुः पृथोः सुकृतिः सुकृतेर् विभ्राजः ततश् चाणुहो यः शुकदुहितरं कृत्वीं नामोपयेमे

samarasyāpi pārasupārasadaśvās trayaḥ putrāḥ pārāt pṛthuḥ pṛthoḥ sukṛtiḥ sukṛter vibhrājaḥ tataś cāṇuho yaḥ śukaduhitaraṃ kṛtvīṃ nāmopayeme

[4.19.10] three who

Word make-up

samarasyāpi (समरस्यापि): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.” sam- (“together”) + arasyāpi.
pārasupārasadaśvās (पारसुपारसदश्वास्): The core matches the root sad, “to sit.”
trayaḥ (त्रयः): three; tri: three.
putrāḥ (पुत्राः): putrāḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
pārāt (पारात्): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.”
pṛthuḥ (पृथुः): The core matches the root hu, “to pour the offering.”
pṛthoḥ (पृथोः): pṛthoḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sukṛtiḥ (सुकृतिः): The core matches the root kṛ, “to do, to make.” su- (“well, good”) + kṛtiḥ.
sukṛter (सुकृतेर्): The core matches the root kṛ, “to do, to make.” su- (“well, good”) + kṛter.
vibhrājaḥ (विभ्राजः): The core matches the root rāj, “to shine, to rule.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + bhrājaḥ.
tataś (ततश्): tataś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
cāṇuho (चाणुहो): cāṇuho is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
yaḥ (यः): who; Nominative singular of yad: “who, which.”
śukaduhitaraṃ (शुकदुहितरं): śukaduhitaraṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
kṛtvīṃ (कृत्वीं): The core matches the root kṛ, “to do, to make.”
nāmopayeme (नामोपयेमे): nāmopayeme is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

अणुहाद् ब्रह्मदत्तः ततो विष्वक्सेनस् तस्योदक्सेनः भल्लाटस् तस्यात्मजः द्विमीढस्य तु यवीनरसंज्ञस् तस्यापि धृतिमांस् ततः सत्यधृतिस् ततश् च दृढनेमिः तस्माच् च सुपार्श्वस् ततः सुमतिस् ततश् च सन्नतिमान् सन्नतिमतः कृतो ऽभूत् यं हिरण्यनाभो योगम् अध्यापयाम् आस यश् चतुर्विंशति प्राच्यसामगानां संहिताश् चकार

aṇuhād brahmadattaḥ tato viṣvaksenas tasyodaksenaḥ bhallāṭas tasyātmajaḥ dvimīḍhasya tu yavīnarasaṃjñas tasyāpi dhṛtimāṃs tataḥ satyadhṛtis tataś ca dṛḍhanemiḥ tasmāc ca supārśvas tataḥ sumatis tataś ca sannatimān sannatimataḥ kṛto 'bhūt yaṃ hiraṇyanābho yogam adhyāpayām āsa yaś caturviṃśati prācyasāmagānāṃ saṃhitāś cakāra

[4.19.11] a- (“not”) + ṇuhād that but then and and then su- (“well, good”) + matis and whom yoking saṃ- (“together”) + hitāś

Word make-up

aṇuhād (अणुहाद्): a- (“not”) + ṇuhād; a- (“not”) + ṇuhād.
brahmadattaḥ (ब्रह्मदत्तः): brahmadattaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tato (ततो): that; Inflected from tat. Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
viṣvaksenas (विष्वक्सेनस्): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + ṣvaksenas.
tasyodaksenaḥ (तस्योदक्सेनः): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
bhallāṭas (भल्लाटस्): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
tasyātmajaḥ (तस्यात्मजः): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
dvimīḍhasya (द्विमीढस्य): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
yavīnarasaṃjñas (यवीनरसंज्ञस्): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
tasyāpi (तस्यापि): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.”
dhṛtimāṃs (धृतिमांस्): The core matches the root dhṛ, “to hold.”
tataḥ (ततः): then; From tad + tas: “from that, then.”
satyadhṛtis (सत्यधृतिस्): The core matches the root dhṛ, “to hold.”
tataś (ततश्): tataś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
dṛḍhanemiḥ (दृढनेमिः): The core matches the root han, “to strike.”
tasmāc (तस्माच्): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
supārśvas (सुपार्श्वस्): The core matches the root vas, “to dwell.” su- (“well, good”) + pārśvas.
tataḥ (ततः): then; From tad + tas: “from that, then.”
sumatis (सुमतिस्): su- (“well, good”) + matis; su- (“well, good”) + matis.
tataś (ततश्): tataś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
sannatimān (सन्नतिमान्): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
sannatimataḥ (सन्नतिमतः): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
kṛto (कृतो): The core matches the root kṛ, “to do, to make.”
'bhūt (ऽभूत्): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
yaṃ (यं): whom; Accusative of yad: “whom, which.”
hiraṇyanābho (हिरण्यनाभो): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
yogam (योगम्): yoking; From yuj, “to yoke, to join, to harness.” Yoga is a yoking: a joining of the mind, or a harnessing to a method. Not a vague “practice.”
adhyāpayām (अध्यापयाम्): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.” a- (“not”) + dhyāpayām.
āsa (आस): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
yaś (यश्): yaś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
caturviṃśati (चतुर्विंशति): caturviṃśati is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
prācyasāmagānāṃ (प्राच्यसामगानां): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
saṃhitāś (संहिताश्): saṃ- (“together”) + hitāś; saṃ- (“together”) + hitāś.
cakāra (चकार): cakāra is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

कृताच् चोग्रायुधो येन प्राचुर्येण नीपक्षयः कृतः

kṛtāc cogrāyudho yena prācuryeṇa nīpakṣayaḥ kṛtaḥ

[4.19.12] by which

Word make-up

kṛtāc (कृताच्): The core matches the root kṛ, “to do, to make.”
cogrāyudho (चोग्रायुधो): The core matches the root yudh, “to fight.”
yena (येन): by which; Instrumental of yad: “by which.”
prācuryeṇa (प्राचुर्येण): prācuryeṇa is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
nīpakṣayaḥ (नीपक्षयः): The core matches the root nī, “to lead.”
kṛtaḥ (कृतः): The core matches the root kṛ, “to do, to make.”

उग्रायुधात् क्षेम्यः क्षेम्यात् सुवीरस् तस्माद् रिपुंजयस् तस्माच् च बहुरथ इत्य् एते पौरवाः अजमीढस्य नलिनी नाम पत्नी तस्यां नीलसंज्ञः पुत्रो ऽभवत् तस्माद् अपि शान्तिः शान्तेः सुशान्तिः सुशान्तेः पुरुजानुः ततश् चक्षुस् ततो हर्यश्वः हर्यश्वान् मुद्गलसृञ्जयबृहदिषुप्रवीरकाम्पिल्याः पञ्चानाम् एतेषां विषयाणां रक्षणायालम् एते मत्पुत्रा इति पित्राभिहितम् अतः पाञ्चालाः

ugrāyudhāt kṣemyaḥ kṣemyāt suvīras tasmād ripuṃjayas tasmāc ca bahuratha ity ete pauravāḥ ajamīḍhasya nalinī nāma patnī tasyāṃ nīlasaṃjñaḥ putro 'bhavat tasmād api śāntiḥ śānteḥ suśāntiḥ suśānteḥ purujānuḥ tataś cakṣus tato haryaśvaḥ haryaśvān mudgalasṛñjayabṛhadiṣupravīrakāmpilyāḥ pañcānām eteṣāṃ viṣayāṇāṃ rakṣaṇāyālam ete matputrā iti pitrābhihitam ataḥ pāñcālāḥ

[4.19.13] and these name also calm calm su- (“well, good”) + śānteḥ eye that five these thus hence

Word make-up

ugrāyudhāt (उग्रायुधात्): The core matches the root yudh, “to fight.”
kṣemyaḥ (क्षेम्यः): kṣemyaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
kṣemyāt (क्षेम्यात्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
suvīras (सुवीरस्): The core matches the root as, “to be.” su- (“well, good”) + vīras.
tasmād (तस्माद्): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
ripuṃjayas (रिपुंजयस्): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
tasmāc (तस्माच्): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
bahuratha (बहुरथ): The core matches the root hu, “to pour the offering.”
ity (इत्य्): ity is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ete (एते): these; Nominative plural of etad: “these.”
pauravāḥ (पौरवाः): pauravāḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ajamīḍhasya (अजमीढस्य): The core matches the root as, “to be.” a- (“not”) + jamīḍhasya.
nalinī (नलिनी): The core matches the root nī, “to lead.”
nāma (नाम): name; nāman: name, from a root of bending/marking. The name.
patnī (पत्नी): The core matches the root pat, “to fall.”
tasyāṃ (तस्यां): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
nīlasaṃjñaḥ (नीलसंज्ञः): The core matches the root nī, “to lead.”
putro (पुत्रो): putro is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
'bhavat (ऽभवत्): 'bhavat is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tasmād (तस्माद्): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
api (अपि): also; Particle: “also, even, though.”
śāntiḥ (शान्तिः): calm; From śam: calm.
śānteḥ (शान्तेः): śānteḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
suśāntiḥ (सुशान्तिः): calm; su- (“well, good”) joined to śāntiḥ. From śam: calm. Together the form means su + that sense.
suśānteḥ (सुशान्तेः): su- (“well, good”) + śānteḥ; su- (“well, good”) + śānteḥ.
purujānuḥ (पुरुजानुः): purujānuḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tataś (ततश्): tataś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
cakṣus (चक्षुस्): eye; From nī, “to lead” (netra “leader, eye”) and cakṣ, “to see.” The eye as what leads/sees.
tato (ततो): that; Inflected from tat. Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
haryaśvaḥ (हर्यश्वः): haryaśvaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
haryaśvān (हर्यश्वान्): haryaśvān is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
mudgalasṛñjayabṛhadiṣupravīrakāmpilyāḥ (मुद्गलसृञ्जयबृहदिषुप्रवीरकाम्पिल्याः): The core matches the root mud, “to be glad.”
pañcānām (पञ्चानाम्): five; Inflected from pañca. pañcan: five.
eteṣāṃ (एतेषां): eteṣāṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
viṣayāṇāṃ (विषयाणां): The core matches the root yā, “to go.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + ṣayāṇāṃ.
rakṣaṇāyālam (रक्षणायालम्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
ete (एते): these; Nominative plural of etad: “these.”
matputrā (मत्पुत्रा): matputrā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
iti (इति): thus; Quotative particle: “thus” — closes speech or thought.
pitrābhihitam (पित्राभिहितम्): pitrābhihitam is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ataḥ (अतः): hence; From idam/a-tas: “hence, therefore.”
pāñcālāḥ (पाञ्चालाः): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.”

मुद्गलाच् च मौद्गल्याः क्षत्रोपेता द्विजातयो बभूवुः मुद्गलाद् वध्यश्वो वध्यश्वाद् दिवोदासो ऽहल्या च मिथुनम् अभूत् शरद्वतो ऽहल्यायां शतानन्दो ऽभवत् शतानन्दात् सत्यधृतिर् धनुर्वेदान्तगो जज्ञे सत्यधृतेस् तु वराप्सरसम् उर्वशीं दृष्ट्वा रेतः स्कन्नं शरस्तम्बे पपात

mudgalāc ca maudgalyāḥ kṣatropetā dvijātayo babhūvuḥ mudgalād vadhyaśvo vadhyaśvād divodāso 'halyā ca mithunam abhūt śaradvato 'halyāyāṃ śatānando 'bhavat śatānandāt satyadhṛtir dhanurvedāntago jajñe satyadhṛtes tu varāpsarasam urvaśīṃ dṛṣṭvā retaḥ skannaṃ śarastambe papāta

[4.19.14] and and but seeing

Word make-up

mudgalāc (मुद्गलाच्): The core matches the root mud, “to be glad.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
maudgalyāḥ (मौद्गल्याः): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
kṣatropetā (क्षत्रोपेता): kṣatropetā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
dvijātayo (द्विजातयो): dvijātayo is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
babhūvuḥ (बभूवुः): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
mudgalād (मुद्गलाद्): The core matches the root mud, “to be glad.”
vadhyaśvo (वध्यश्वो): The core matches the root vad, “to say.”
vadhyaśvād (वध्यश्वाद्): The core matches the root vad, “to say.”
divodāso (दिवोदासो): The core matches the root div, “to shine.”
'halyā (ऽहल्या): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
mithunam (मिथुनम्): The core matches the root nam, “to bow.”
abhūt (अभूत्): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.” a- (“not”) + bhūt.
śaradvato (शरद्वतो): śaradvato is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
'halyāyāṃ (ऽहल्यायां): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
śatānando (शतानन्दो): The core matches the root nand, “to rejoice.”
'bhavat (ऽभवत्): 'bhavat is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
śatānandāt (शतानन्दात्): The core matches the root nand, “to rejoice.”
satyadhṛtir (सत्यधृतिर्): The core matches the root dhṛ, “to hold.”
dhanurvedāntago (धनुर्वेदान्तगो): The core matches the root han, “to strike.”
jajñe (जज्ञे): jajñe is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
satyadhṛtes (सत्यधृतेस्): The core matches the root dhṛ, “to hold.”
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
varāpsarasam (वराप्सरसम्): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.”
urvaśīṃ (उर्वशीं): The core matches the root śī, “to lie.”
dṛṣṭvā (दृष्ट्वा): seeing; From dṛś, “to see” (present paśya-). Sees; see!; I see; seeing; to see; having seen.
retaḥ (रेतः): retaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
skannaṃ (स्कन्नं): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
śarastambe (शरस्तम्बे): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
papāta (पपात): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.”

तच् च द्विधा गतम् अपत्यद्वयं कुमारः कन्यका चाभवत् मृगयाम् उपगतः शान्तनुर् दृष्ट्वा कृपया जग्राह

tac ca dvidhā gatam apatyadvayaṃ kumāraḥ kanyakā cābhavat mṛgayām upagataḥ śāntanur dṛṣṭvā kṛpayā jagrāha

[4.19.15] and going going seeing pity

Word make-up

tac (तच्): tac is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
dvidhā (द्विधा): The core matches the root vid, “to know / to find.”
gatam (गतम्): going; From gam / yā, “to go.” Goes; they go; having gone; gone; he goes.
apatyadvayaṃ (अपत्यद्वयं): The core matches the root pat, “to fall.” apa- (“away”) + tyadvayaṃ.
kumāraḥ (कुमारः): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
kanyakā (कन्यका): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
cābhavat (चाभवत्): cābhavat is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
mṛgayām (मृगयाम्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
upagataḥ (उपगतः): going; upa- (“near, toward”) joined to gataḥ. From gam / yā, “to go.” Goes; they go; having gone; gone; he goes. Together the form means upa + that sense.
śāntanur (शान्तनुर्): The core matches the root tan, “to stretch.”
dṛṣṭvā (दृष्ट्वा): seeing; From dṛś, “to see” (present paśya-). Sees; see!; I see; seeing; to see; having seen.
kṛpayā (कृपया): pity; From kṛp, “to pity.” Pity; tenderness.
jagrāha (जग्राह): jagrāha is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

ततः स कुमारः कृपः कन्या चाश्वत्थाम्नो जननी कृपी द्रोणस्य पत्न्य् अभवत् दिवोदासस्यापि मित्रायुः पुत्रो मित्रायोश् च्यवनो नाम राजा च्यवनात् सुदासः ततः सौदासः सहदेवस् तस्यापि सोमकः ततो जन्तुः पुत्रशतज्येष्ठो ऽभवत् तेषां यवीयान् पृषतः पृषताद् द्रुपदस् तस्माद् धृष्टद्युम्नस् ततो धृष्टकेतुः अजमीढस्यान्य ऋक्षनामा पुत्रो ऽभूत् ऋक्षात् संवरणः संवरणाच् च कुरुः य इदं धर्मक्षेत्रं कुरुक्षेत्रं चकार

tataḥ sa kumāraḥ kṛpaḥ kanyā cāśvatthāmno jananī kṛpī droṇasya patny abhavat divodāsasyāpi mitrāyuḥ putro mitrāyoś cyavano nāma rājā cyavanāt sudāsaḥ tataḥ saudāsaḥ sahadevas tasyāpi somakaḥ tato jantuḥ putraśatajyeṣṭho 'bhavat teṣāṃ yavīyān pṛṣataḥ pṛṣatād drupadas tasmād dhṛṣṭadyumnas tato dhṛṣṭaketuḥ ajamīḍhasyānya ṛkṣanāmā putro 'bhūt ṛkṣāt saṃvaraṇaḥ saṃvaraṇāc ca kuruḥ ya idaṃ dharmakṣetraṃ kurukṣetraṃ cakāra

[4.19.16] then he ” Pity; the teacher Kṛpa ” Pity; the teacher Kṛpa droṇasya a- (“not”) + bhavat name king then that of them drupadas that saṃ- (“together”) + varaṇaḥ saṃ- (“together”) + varaṇāc and Vocative kuru can also be imperative of kṛ, “do!” who this

Word make-up

tataḥ (ततः): then; From tad + tas: “from that, then.”
sa (स): he; Nominative singular masculine of tad: “he, that one.”
kumāraḥ (कुमारः): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
kṛpaḥ (कृपः): ” Pity; the teacher Kṛpa; From kṛp, “to pity.” Pity; the teacher Kṛpa.
kanyā (कन्या): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
cāśvatthāmno (चाश्वत्थाम्नो): cāśvatthāmno is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
jananī (जननी): The core matches the root jan, “to be born.”
kṛpī (कृपी): ” Pity; the teacher Kṛpa; Inflected from kṛpa. From kṛp, “to pity.” Pity; the teacher Kṛpa.
droṇasya (द्रोणस्य): The teacher of arms; Inflected from droṇa. droṇa: a bucket, a wooden vessel. Named for the vessel in which he was born. The teacher of arms.
patny (पत्न्य्): The core matches the root pat, “to fall.”
abhavat (अभवत्): a- (“not”) + bhavat; a- (“not”) + bhavat.
divodāsasyāpi (दिवोदासस्यापि): The core matches the root div, “to shine.”
mitrāyuḥ (मित्रायुः): mitrāyuḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
putro (पुत्रो): putro is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
mitrāyoś (मित्रायोश्): mitrāyoś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
cyavano (च्यवनो): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
nāma (नाम): name; nāman: name, from a root of bending/marking. The name.
rājā (राजा): king; From rāj, “to shine, to rule.” The shining ruler; a king.
cyavanāt (च्यवनात्): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
sudāsaḥ (सुदासः): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.” su- (“well, good”) + dāsaḥ.
tataḥ (ततः): then; From tad + tas: “from that, then.”
saudāsaḥ (सौदासः): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
sahadevas (सहदेवस्): The core matches the root vas, “to dwell.”
tasyāpi (तस्यापि): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.”
somakaḥ (सोमकः): somakaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tato (ततो): that; Inflected from tat. Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
jantuḥ (जन्तुः): The core matches the root jan, “to be born.”
putraśatajyeṣṭho (पुत्रशतज्येष्ठो): putraśatajyeṣṭho is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
'bhavat (ऽभवत्): 'bhavat is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
teṣāṃ (तेषां): of them; Genitive plural of tad: “of them.”
yavīyān (यवीयान्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
pṛṣataḥ (पृषतः): pṛṣataḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
pṛṣatād (पृषताद्): pṛṣatād is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
drupadas (द्रुपदस्): drupada-putra: son of Drupada (Dhr̥ṣṭadyumna); Drupada, king of Pañcāla. drupada-putra: son of Drupada (Dhr̥ṣṭadyumna).
tasmād (तस्माद्): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
dhṛṣṭadyumnas (धृष्टद्युम्नस्): The core matches the root dhṛ, “to hold.”
tato (ततो): that; Inflected from tat. Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
dhṛṣṭaketuḥ (धृष्टकेतुः): The core matches the root dhṛ, “to hold.”
ajamīḍhasyānya (अजमीढस्यान्य): The core matches the root yā, “to go.” a- (“not”) + jamīḍhasyānya.
ṛkṣanāmā (ऋक्षनामा): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
putro (पुत्रो): putro is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
'bhūt (ऽभूत्): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
ṛkṣāt (ऋक्षात्): ṛkṣāt is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
saṃvaraṇaḥ (संवरणः): saṃ- (“together”) + varaṇaḥ; saṃ- (“together”) + varaṇaḥ.
saṃvaraṇāc (संवरणाच्): saṃ- (“together”) + varaṇāc; saṃ- (“together”) + varaṇāc.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
kuruḥ (कुरुः): Vocative kuru can also be imperative of kṛ, “do!”; kuru: the Kuru people/line. Vocative kuru can also be imperative of kṛ, “do!”
ya (य): who; Nominative singular of yad: “who, which.”
idaṃ (इदं): this; Neuter of idam: “this” (near).
dharmakṣetraṃ (धर्मक्षेत्रं): dharmakṣetraṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
kurukṣetraṃ (कुरुक्षेत्रं): kurukṣetraṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
cakāra (चकार): cakāra is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

सुधनुर्जह्नुपरीक्षित्प्रमुखाः कुरोः पुत्राः बभूवुः सुधनुषः पुत्रः सुहोत्रः तस्माच् च्यवनश् च्यवनात् कृतकः ततश् चोपरिचरो वसुः बृहद्रथप्रत्यग्रकुशाम्बमावेल्लमत्स्यप्रमुखाः वसोः पुत्राः सप्ताजायन्त बृहद्रथात् कुशाग्रस् तस्माद् ऋषभस् ततः पुष्पवान् तस्मात् सत्यहितस् तस्मात् सुधन्वा तस्य च जन्तुः बृहद्रथाच् चान्यः शकलद्वयजन्मा जरया संधितो जरासंधनामा तस्मात् सहदेवस् ततः सोमपिस् ततः श्रुतश्रवाः इत्य् एते मागधा भूभृतः

sudhanurjahnuparīkṣitpramukhāḥ kuroḥ putrāḥ babhūvuḥ sudhanuṣaḥ putraḥ suhotraḥ tasmāc cyavanaś cyavanāt kṛtakaḥ tataś coparicaro vasuḥ bṛhadrathapratyagrakuśāmbamāvellamatsyapramukhāḥ vasoḥ putrāḥ saptājāyanta bṛhadrathāt kuśāgras tasmād ṛṣabhas tataḥ puṣpavān tasmāt satyahitas tasmāt sudhanvā tasya ca jantuḥ bṛhadrathāc cānyaḥ śakaladvayajanmā jarayā saṃdhito jarāsaṃdhanāmā tasmāt sahadevas tataḥ somapis tataḥ śrutaśravāḥ ity ete māgadhā bhūbhṛtaḥ

[4.19.17] su- (“well, good”) + hotraḥ then therefore therefore of that and saṃ- (“together”) + dhito therefore then then these

Word make-up

sudhanurjahnuparīkṣitpramukhāḥ (सुधनुर्जह्नुपरीक्षित्प्रमुखाः): The core matches the root īkṣ, “to see, to look.” su- (“well, good”) + dhanurjahnuparīkṣitpramukhāḥ.
kuroḥ (कुरोः): kuroḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
putrāḥ (पुत्राः): putrāḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
babhūvuḥ (बभूवुः): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
sudhanuṣaḥ (सुधनुषः): The core matches the root han, “to strike.” su- (“well, good”) + dhanuṣaḥ.
putraḥ (पुत्रः): putraḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
suhotraḥ (सुहोत्रः): su- (“well, good”) + hotraḥ; su- (“well, good”) + hotraḥ.
tasmāc (तस्माच्): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
cyavanaś (च्यवनश्): The core matches the root naś, “to perish.”
cyavanāt (च्यवनात्): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
kṛtakaḥ (कृतकः): The core matches the root kṛ, “to do, to make.”
tataś (ततश्): tataś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
coparicaro (चोपरिचरो): The core matches the root car, “to move.”
vasuḥ (वसुः): The core matches the root vas, “to dwell.”
bṛhadrathapratyagrakuśāmbamāvellamatsyapramukhāḥ (बृहद्रथप्रत्यग्रकुशाम्बमावेल्लमत्स्यप्रमुखाः): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
vasoḥ (वसोः): The core matches the root vas, “to dwell.”
putrāḥ (पुत्राः): putrāḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
saptājāyanta (सप्ताजायन्त): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
bṛhadrathāt (बृहद्रथात्): The core matches the root bṛh, “to swell, to grow vast.”
kuśāgras (कुशाग्रस्): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
tasmād (तस्माद्): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
ṛṣabhas (ऋषभस्): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
tataḥ (ततः): then; From tad + tas: “from that, then.”
puṣpavān (पुष्पवान्): puṣpavān is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tasmāt (तस्मात्): therefore; Ablative of tad: “from that”; often “therefore.”
satyahitas (सत्यहितस्): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
tasmāt (तस्मात्): therefore; Ablative of tad: “from that”; often “therefore.”
sudhanvā (सुधन्वा): The core matches the root han, “to strike.” su- (“well, good”) + dhanvā.
tasya (तस्य): of that; Genitive of tad: “of that, his.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
jantuḥ (जन्तुः): The core matches the root jan, “to be born.”
bṛhadrathāc (बृहद्रथाच्): The core matches the root bṛh, “to swell, to grow vast.”
cānyaḥ (चान्यः): cānyaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
śakaladvayajanmā (शकलद्वयजन्मा): The core matches the root śak, “to be able.”
jarayā (जरया): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
saṃdhito (संधितो): saṃ- (“together”) + dhito; saṃ- (“together”) + dhito.
jarāsaṃdhanāmā (जरासंधनामा): The core matches the root han, “to strike.”
tasmāt (तस्मात्): therefore; Ablative of tad: “from that”; often “therefore.”
sahadevas (सहदेवस्): The core matches the root vas, “to dwell.”
tataḥ (ततः): then; From tad + tas: “from that, then.”
somapis (सोमपिस्): somapis is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tataḥ (ततः): then; From tad + tas: “from that, then.”
śrutaśravāḥ (श्रुतश्रवाः): The core matches the root śru, “to hear.”
ity (इत्य्): ity is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ete (एते): these; Nominative plural of etad: “these.”
māgadhā (मागधा): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.”
bhūbhṛtaḥ (भूभृतः): The core matches the root bhṛ, “to bear.”