ācakṣva(आचक्ष्व)
ā- (“unto, fully”) + cakṣva
ā- (“unto, fully”) + cakṣva.
Word senses
Prathama Aṃśa, Dviaviṃśa Adhyāya · Back to chapter
English lines use these phrases for common nouns. Only names (people, deities, epithets) stay in Sanskrit in the translation.
acyuta name(अच्युत)
Unfallen; he who does not fall away
Inflected from acyuta. a- (“not”) + cyuta (cyu, “to fall, to drop”). Unfallen; he who does not fall away.
adhipaṃ(अधिपं)
adhi- (“over, concerning, unto”) + paṃ
adhi- (“over, concerning, unto”) + paṃ.
ādikāle(आदिकाले)
ā- (“unto, fully”) + dikāle
ā- (“unto, fully”) + dikāle.
ananta(अनन्त)
without end
Inflected from ananta. a- + anta: without end.
antakāle(अन्तकाले)
at the end-time
anta (“end”) + kāla (“time, what counts out”). At the end-time.
ante(अन्ते)
end
anta: end, edge, death as the end. The limit.
anya(अन्य)
another
Inflected from anya. Nominative singular of anya: “another.”
āśritya(आश्रित्य)
leaning-on
ā-śri, “to lean toward.” A leaning-on; having taken lean-on (refuge as leaning).
asya(अस्य)
of this
Genitive of idam: “of this.”
ātmanaḥ(आत्मनः)
the self
ātman is the self. Related to an, “to breathe”: the breathing one, the inner self of a living being. Not a ghost-soul added from outside; it is the self.
ātmānam(आत्मानम्)
the self
ātman is the self. Related to an, “to breathe”: the breathing one, the inner self of a living being. Not a ghost-soul added from outside; it is the self.
ātmānaṃ(आत्मानं)
the self
ātman is the self. Related to an, “to breathe”: the breathing one, the inner self of a living being. Not a ghost-soul added from outside; it is the self.
bhagavān(भगवान्)
the Lord
bhaga (“share, portion, majesty,” from bhaj “to share”) + -vant “possessing.” One who has the share of majesty. The Lord as the one possessed of majesty, not a first name.
bhūya(भूय)
again
Inflected from bhūya. Comparative of bahu / from bhū: “more, again.”
brahma(ब्रह्म)
that-which-is-vast (brahman)
Neuter of brahman, from bṛh, “to grow, to swell, to be vast.” It names that which is vast — an entity, not a person. The creator god is a different word, Brahmā (masculine). A brāhmaṇa is a person of that class.
brahmā(ब्रह्मा)
Not the neuter brahma
Masculine of brahman: Brahmā, the creator god, “the swelling/vast one” as a person. Not the neuter brahma.
brahman(ब्रह्मन्)
that-which-is-vast (brahman)
Neuter of brahman, from bṛh, “to grow, to swell, to be vast.” It names that which is vast — an entity, not a person. The creator god is a different word, Brahmā (masculine). A brāhmaṇa is a person of that class.
brahmaṇa(ब्रह्मण)
that-which-is-vast (brahman)
Inflected from brahmaṇa. Neuter of brahman, from bṛh, “to grow, to swell, to be vast.” It names that which is vast — an entity, not a person. The creator god is a different word, Brahmā (masculine). A brāhmaṇa is a person of that class.
brahmaṇaḥ(ब्रह्मणः)
that-which-is-vast (brahman)
Neuter of brahman, from bṛh, “to grow, to swell, to be vast.” It names that which is vast — an entity, not a person. The creator god is a different word, Brahmā (masculine). A brāhmaṇa is a person of that class.
brahmaṇas(ब्रह्मणस्)
that-which-is-vast (brahman)
Neuter of brahman, from bṛh, “to grow, to swell, to be vast.” It names that which is vast — an entity, not a person. The creator god is a different word, Brahmā (masculine). A brāhmaṇa is a person of that class.
cāpa(चाप)
bow
Inflected from cāpa. dhanus: bow. cāpa also bow.
dakṣa(दक्ष)
able
Inflected from dakṣa. From dakṣ, “to be able.” Able, skilful.
devā(देवा)
shining one
From div, “to shine.” A shining one; a god as a shining being, not a generic “God.”
devadeva(देवदेव)
god of gods
Inflected from devadeva. deva + deva: shining one of shining ones.
devaḥ(देवः)
shining one
From div, “to shine.” A shining one; a god as a shining being, not a generic “God.”
devānām(देवानाम्)
shining one
From div, “to shine.” A shining one; a god as a shining being, not a generic “God.”
diśa(दिश)
direction
Inflected from diśa. diś: direction, quarter of the sky.
durdharṣaṃ(दुर्धर्षं)
dur- (“ill, hard”) + dharṣaṃ
dur- (“ill, hard”) + dharṣaṃ.
durvibhāvyam(दुर्विभाव्यम्)
dur- (“ill, hard”) + vibhāvyam
dur- (“ill, hard”) + vibhāvyam.
dve(द्वे)
two
dvi: two. Dual forms “these two.”
dvija(द्विज)
twice-born
dvi-ja “twice-born.” dvija-uttama: upmost of the twice-born.
dvijottama(द्विजोत्तम)
twice-born
dvi-ja “twice-born.” dvija-uttama: upmost of the twice-born.
eṣa(एष)
this one
Masculine of etad: “this one.”
etad(एतद्)
this
Neuter of etad: “this here.” e- + tad.
etat(एतत्)
this
Neuter of etad: “this here.” e- + tad.
ete(एते)
these
Nominative plural of etad: “these.”
guṇaṃ(गुणं)
strand
A strand, a thread, then a constituent quality. In Sāṅkhya, the three strands that braid experience. Not a moral “virtue.”
hṛṣīkeśa name(हृषीकेश)
A name of Kṛṣṇa
Inflected from hṛṣīkeśa. hṛṣīka (“sense-power”) + īśa (“master”). Master of the sense-powers. A name of Kṛṣṇa.
idaṃ(इदं)
this
Neuter of idam: “this” (near).
ima(इम)
these
Inflected from ima. Dual/plural of idam: “these.”
iyaṃ(इयं)
this
Feminine of idam: “this.”
jagat(जगत्)
the moving world
From gam, “to go” (intensive): that which keeps going, the moving world.
jagata(जगत)
the moving world
From gam, “to go” (intensive): that which keeps going, the moving world.
jagataḥ(जगतः)
the moving world
From gam, “to go” (intensive): that which keeps going, the moving world.
janārdana name(जनार्दन)
A name of Kṛṣṇa
Inflected from janārdana. jana (“people,” jan “to be born”) + ardana (ard, “to agitate, to distress”). Agitator of people; or destroyer of the wicked among men. A name of Kṛṣṇa.
janārdanaḥ name(जनार्दनः)
A name of Kṛṣṇa
jana (“people,” jan “to be born”) + ardana (ard, “to agitate, to distress”). Agitator of people; or destroyer of the wicked among men. A name of Kṛṣṇa.
jāyate(जायते)
is born
From jan, “to be born.” Is born; born.
jñānam(ज्ञानम्)
knowing
From jñā, “to know.” Knowing; the known-as-knowledge. Not a mystic glow: the act and fruit of knowing.
jñānaṃ(ज्ञानं)
knowing
From jñā, “to know.” Knowing; the known-as-knowledge. Not a mystic glow: the act and fruit of knowing.
kāla(काल)
time
Inflected from kāla. kāla: time; also “the dark, the calculating.” Time as what counts out and cuts off.
kālaḥ(कालः)
time
kāla: time; also “the dark, the calculating.” Time as what counts out and cuts off.
kālas(कालस्)
time
kāla: time; also “the dark, the calculating.” Time as what counts out and cuts off.
kālena(कालेन)
time
kāla: time; also “the dark, the calculating.” Time as what counts out and cuts off.
kapila(कपिल)
The sage Kapila of Sāṅkhya
Inflected from kapila. kapila: tawny. The sage Kapila of Sāṅkhya.
kāraṇaṃ(कारणं)
the causing
From kṛ: the causing; a cause as that which makes.
kriyate(क्रियते)
is done
Passive of kṛ: it is done.
kurute(कुरुते)
does
From kṛ, “to do.” Does; you do!; do! (kuru can also vocative of Kuru).
mādhava name(माधव)
A name of Kṛṣṇa
Inflected from mādhava. Descendant of Madhu (the Yadu line); or mā (Lakṣmī) + dhava (“man, husband”). A name of Kṛṣṇa.
madhusūdana name(मधुसूदन)
A name of Kṛṣṇa
Inflected from madhusūdana. Madhu (a demon’s name) + sūdana (sūd, “to kill”). Slayer of Madhu. A name of Kṛṣṇa.
madhye(मध्ये)
middle
madhya: middle.
maharṣi(महर्षि)
great seer
Inflected from maharṣi. mahā + ṛṣi: great seer.
mahat(महत्)
great
mahat: great. From mah, “to be great.”
mana(मन)
mind
Inflected from mana. From man, “to think, to mind.” The thinking organ; mind as what thinks, not a ghost.
muni(मुनि)
silent thinker
Inflected from muni. From man, “to think,” or maun “silence.” The thinker / the silent one.
nāma(नाम)
name
nāman: name, from a root of bending/marking. The name.
namas(नमस्)
a bow, salutation
From nam, “to bow.” A bow, salutation.
nirbījatāṃ(निर्बीजतां)
nir- (“out, without”) + bījatāṃ
nir- (“out, without”) + bījatāṃ.
nirlepam(निर्लेपम्)
nir- (“out, without”) + lepam
nir- (“out, without”) + lepam.
nityaṃ(नित्यं)
continual
From ni- (“in, own”) + tya: what is in-dwelling, continual, one’s own as constant. Continually-there; not a calendar “eternal.”
paraḥ(परः)
beyond
para: beyond, further, other. As a neuter noun often “what is beyond.”
paraṃ(परं)
beyond
para: beyond, further, other. As a neuter noun often “what is beyond.”
paramaṃ(परमं)
highest
Superlative of para, “beyond, further.” The furthest, the highest.
parasya(परस्य)
beyond
para: beyond, further, other. As a neuter noun often “what is beyond.”
phalam(फलम्)
fruit
Fruit; the produce of a deed (from a root of bursting/ripening). Result as fruit, not a score.
prajānām(प्रजानाम्)
pra- (“forth, forward”) + jānām
pra- (“forth, forward”) + jānām.
pralayaṃ(प्रलयं)
pra- (“forth, forward”) + layaṃ
pra- (“forth, forward”) + layaṃ.
pralaye(प्रलये)
pra- (“forth, forward”) + laye
pra- (“forth, forward”) + laye.
praśāntam(प्रशान्तम्)
pra- (“forth, forward”) + śāntam
pra- (“forth, forward”) + śāntam.
prathamaḥ(प्रथमः)
pra- (“forth, forward”) + thamaḥ
pra- (“forth, forward”) + thamaḥ.
prathame(प्रथमे)
pra- (“forth, forward”) + thame
pra- (“forth, forward”) + thame.
pratikṣaṇam(प्रतिक्षणम्)
prati- (“back, against, toward each”) + kṣaṇam
prati- (“back, against, toward each”) + kṣaṇam.
proktaṃ(प्रोक्तं)
spoken forth
pra-vac, “to speak forth.” Spoken forth; he has said forth.
punaḥ(पुनः)
again
Adverb: “again, back.”
punar(पुनर्)
again
Adverb: “again, back.”
puruṣaṃ(पुरुषं)
the Person
Often analysed as pūr “filling” or pur “citadel” + śī “to lie”: the one who lies in the stronghold (the body). The Person, as against prakṛti the making-forth.
puruṣottamaḥ(पुरुषोत्तमः)
upmost Person
puruṣa + uttama (ud-tama, upmost). O upmost Person.
pūrvajaḥ(पूर्वजः)
first-born
pūrva (“before, former”) + ja (jan, “to be born”). Born before; elder; first-born.
ṛta(ऋत)
the fitted-true
Inflected from ṛta. ṛta: the fitted, the true course (from ṛ, “to go”). What is right-fitted.
rūpa(रूप)
form
Inflected from rūpa. rūpa: form, outward shape (what is seen). Not “beauty” first.
sa(स)
he
Nominative singular masculine of tad: “he, that one.”
sā(सा)
she
Nominative feminine of tad: “she, that.”
saṃsārakarṣaṇoptau(संसारकर्षणोप्तौ)
saṃ- (“together”) + sārakarṣaṇoptau
saṃ- (“together”) + sārakarṣaṇoptau.
samyag(सम्यग्)
sam- (“together”) + yag
sam- (“together”) + yag.
sanātanaḥ(सनातनः)
age-long
sanā + tana: stretching from of old; age-long.
sarva(सर्व)
all
Inflected from sarva. sarva: whole, all. The entire, not a leftover.
sarvam(सर्वम्)
all
sarva: whole, all. The entire, not a leftover.
sarvaṃ(सर्वं)
all
sarva: whole, all. The entire, not a leftover.
sarvāṇi(सर्वाणि)
all
sarva: whole, all. The entire, not a leftover.
sarvataḥ(सर्वतः)
all
sarva: whole, all. The entire, not a leftover.
sarve(सर्वे)
all
Nominative plural of sarva: “all.”
sarveṣāṃ(सर्वेषां)
of all
Genitive plural of sarva: of all.
sattvaṃ(सत्त्वं)
being-ness
sat (“being,” from as “to be”) + -tva (abstract). Being-ness; the strand of lucidity and being-true.
satyaṃ(सत्यं)
being-true
From sat, “being” (as, “to be”). Being-true; what is as it is.
siṃha(सिंह)
lion
Inflected from siṃha. siṃha: lion.
soma(सोम)
the moon
Inflected from soma. candra from cand, “to shine.” The moon. soma is the pressed plant and the moon.
śreyas(श्रेयस्)
the better
Inflected from śreyas. Comparative of śrī / śrī- related “better, more splendid.” The better; what is more excellent.
sthita(स्थित)
standing
Inflected from sthita. From sthā, “to stand.” Standing-place; stood; having stood; stands.
sthitaḥ(स्थितः)
standing
From sthā, “to stand.” Standing-place; stood; having stood; stands.
svayam(स्वयम्)
oneself
sva + yam: by oneself; of one’s own accord.
tamas(तमस्)
darkness
Inflected from tamas. From tam, “to faint, to be dark.” Darkness; the strand of dullness and covering.
tān(तान्)
them
Inflected from tān. Accusative plural of tad: “them.”
tapasā(तपसा)
heat
Inflected from tapasā. From tap, “to heat, to burn.” Heat; the heating of oneself (austerity as inner heat, not grim duty).
tataḥ(ततः)
then
From tad + tas: “from that, then.”
tathā(तथा)
so
ta- + thā: “in that way, so.”
tatra(तत्र)
there
ta- + tra: “in that place, there.”
ubhayos(उभयोस्)
of both
Genitive/locative dual of ubha: of both.
vartate(वर्तते)
turns
From vṛt, “to turn.” Turns, goes on. pra-vṛt: turns forth, starts.
vasiṣṭha(वसिष्ठ)
A seer
Inflected from vasiṣṭha. vasiṣṭha: most excellent (superlative of vasu). A seer.
vibhāgo(विभागो)
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + bhāgo
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + bhāgo.
vidyā(विद्या)
knowing
From vid, “to know.” Knowing-as-a-discipline; knowledge that is found.
vidyate(विद्यते)
know
From vid, “to know” (vetti, viduḥ, viddhi) or “to be found” (vidyate). Knows; they know; is found; know!
vijñānam(विज्ञानम्)
discerning-knowing
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + jñāna (jñā, “to know”). Discerning knowing: knowing that sorts things apart.
vināśaṃ(विनाशं)
complete perishing
vi- (“apart, fully”) + nāśa (naś, “to perish”). Complete perishing.
viṣṇu(विष्णु)
The pervading one
Inflected from viṣṇu. From viṣ, “to be active, to pervade.” The pervading one.
vistāriṇī(विस्तारिणी)
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + stāriṇī
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + stāriṇī.
yajñānāṃ(यज्ञानां)
offering
From yaj, “to offer.” The offering.
yānti(यान्ति)
going
From gam / yā, “to go.” Goes; they go; having gone; gone; he goes.
yathā(यथा)
as
ya- + thā: “in which way, as.”
yatra(यत्र)
where
ya- + tra: “in which place, where.”
yogi(योगि)
one who is yoked
Inflected from yogi. From yoga (yuj, “to yoke”) + -in “possessing.” One who is yoked; one who has the yoking.
yogī(योगी)
one who is yoked
From yoga (yuj, “to yoke”) + -in “possessing.” One who is yoked; one who has the yoking.
yogin(योगिन्)
one who is yoked
Inflected from yogin. From yoga (yuj, “to yoke”) + -in “possessing.” One who is yoked; one who has the yoking.
yogināṃ(योगिनां)
of the yoked
Genitive plural of yogin (yuj, “to yoke”): of those who are yoked.