aṣṭau(अष्टौ)
eight
aṣṭan: eight.
Word senses
Dvitīya Aṃśa, Prathama Adhyāya · Back to chapter
English lines use these phrases for common nouns. Only names (people, deities, epithets) stay in Sanskrit in the translation.
bhārata name(भारत)
O bearer-descended one; used for Arjuna and for Dhṛtarāṣṭra
Inflected from bhārata. bhārata: descendant of Bharata (bhar, “to bear”). O bearer-descended one; used for Arjuna and for Dhṛtarāṣṭra.
bhūya(भूय)
again
Inflected from bhūya. Comparative of bahu / from bhū: “more, again.”
cāpa(चाप)
bow
Inflected from cāpa. dhanus: bow. cāpa also bow.
dattaṃ(दत्तं)
gives
From dā, “to give.” Gives; having given; given.
dattvā(दत्त्वा)
gives
From dā, “to give.” Gives; having given; given.
dvija(द्विज)
twice-born
dvi-ja “twice-born.” dvija-uttama: upmost of the twice-born.
eṣa(एष)
this one
Masculine of etad: “this one.”
etān(एतान्)
these
Inflected from etān. Accusative plural of etad: “these.”
gataḥ(गतः)
going
From gam / yā, “to go.” Goes; they go; having gone; gone; he goes.
gīyate(गीयते)
is sung
Passive of gai, “to sing.” It is sung.
icchāmi(इच्छामि)
I wish
From iṣ, “to wish.” I wish.
idaṃ(इदं)
this
Neuter of idam: “this” (near).
ima(इम)
these
Inflected from ima. Dual/plural of idam: “these.”
jagat(जगत्)
the moving world
From gam, “to go” (intensive): that which keeps going, the moving world.
jagataḥ(जगतः)
the moving world
From gam, “to go” (intensive): that which keeps going, the moving world.
kurava(कुरव)
Vocative kuru can also be imperative of kṛ, “do!”
Inflected from kurava. kuru: the Kuru people/line. Vocative kuru can also be imperative of kṛ, “do!”
lokeṣu(लोकेषु)
world
From lok, “to see”: a seen-world.
madhyam(मध्यम्)
middle
Inflected from madhyam. madhya: middle.
mana(मन)
mind
Inflected from mana. From man, “to think, to mind.” The thinking organ; mind as what thinks, not a ghost.
mukha(मुख)
mouth
Inflected from mukha. mukha: mouth, face, forefront.
nāmāni(नामानि)
name
nāman: name, from a root of bending/marking. The name.
nara(नर)
a man
Inflected from nara. nara: a man, a human being (as mortal person).
nava(नव)
nine
navan: nine. Also nava “new.”
niśāmaya(निशामय)
ni- (“down, in”) + śāmaya
ni- (“down, in”) + śāmaya.
pitā(पिता)
father
pitṛ: father (the protector/nourisher).
pituḥ(पितुः)
father
pitṛ: father (the protector/nourisher).
pradadau(प्रददौ)
pra- (“forth, forward”) + dadau
pra- (“forth, forward”) + dadau.
pradattavān(प्रदत्तवान्)
pra- (“forth, forward”) + dattavān
pra- (“forth, forward”) + dattavān.
prāṇa(प्राण)
forward-breath
Inflected from prāṇa. pra- (“forth”) + an, “to breathe.” Forward-breath; the breath of life.
prathame(प्रथमे)
pra- (“forth, forward”) + thame
pra- (“forth, forward”) + thame.
prathamo(प्रथमो)
pra- (“forth, forward”) + thamo
pra- (“forth, forward”) + thamo.
pratiharteti(प्रतिहर्तेति)
prati- (“back, against, toward each”) + harteti
prati- (“back, against, toward each”) + harteti.
punaḥ(पुनः)
again
Adverb: “again, back.”
purā(पुरा)
formerly
Indeclinable: “formerly, of old.”
sa(स)
he
Nominative singular masculine of tad: “he, that one.”
saḥ(सः)
he
Nominative singular masculine of tad: “he, that one.”
samrāṭ(सम्राट्)
sam- (“together”) + rāṭ
sam- (“together”) + rāṭ.
samyag(सम्यग्)
sam- (“together”) + yag
sam- (“together”) + yag.
sapta(सप्त)
seven
saptan: seven.
sarvam(सर्वम्)
all
sarva: whole, all. The entire, not a leftover.
siddhiḥ(सिद्धिः)
attainment
From sidh: attainment.
śṛṇu(शृणु)
hearing
From śru, “to hear.” Hear!; hears; having heard; heard.
sumates(सुमतेस्)
su- (“well, good”) + mates
su- (“well, good”) + mates.
sumatir(सुमतिर्)
su- (“well, good”) + matir
su- (“well, good”) + matir.
sutaḥ(सुतः)
su- (“well, good”) + taḥ
su- (“well, good”) + taḥ.
sutau(सुतौ)
su- (“well, good”) + tau
su- (“well, good”) + tau.
tān(तान्)
them
Accusative plural of tad: “them.”
tapas(तपस्)
heat
Inflected from tapas. From tap, “to heat, to burn.” Heat; the heating of oneself (austerity as inner heat, not grim duty).
tataḥ(ततः)
then
From tad + tas: “from that, then.”
tatas(ततस्)
then
From tad + tas: “from that, then.”
tathā(तथा)
so
ta- + thā: “in that way, so.”
tejasas(तेजसस्)
sharp-glow
From tij, “to be sharp.” Sharp-glow, brilliance.
teṣāṃ(तेषां)
of them
Genitive plural of tad: “of them.”
traya(त्रय)
three
Inflected from traya. tri: three.
upayeme(उपयेमे)
upa- (“near, toward”) + yeme
upa- (“near, toward”) + yeme.
uttaraṃ(उत्तरं)
ut- (“up, out”) + taraṃ
ut- (“up, out”) + taraṃ.
viparyayo(विपर्ययो)
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + paryayo
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + paryayo.
vipra(विप्र)
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + pra
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + pra.
vipro(विप्रो)
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + pro
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + pro.
virāṭ(विराट्)
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + rāṭ
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + rāṭ.
yas(यस्)
who
Nominative singular of yad: “who, which.”
yatra(यत्र)
where
ya- + tra: “in which place, where.”
yogināṃ(योगिनां)
of the yoked
Genitive plural of yogin (yuj, “to yoke”): of those who are yoked.