Prathama Aṃśa, Dviaviṃśa Adhyāya

इति श्रीविष्णुपुराणे प्रथमे ऽंश एकविंशो ऽध्यायः यदाभिषिक्तः स पृथुः पूर्वं राज्ये महर्षिभिः ततः क्रमेण राज्यानि ददौ लोकपितामहः

[[iti śrīviṣṇupurāṇe prathame 'ṃśa ekaviṃśo 'dhyāyaḥ ]] yadābhiṣiktaḥ sa pṛthuḥ pūrvaṃ rājye maharṣibhiḥ tataḥ krameṇa rājyāni dadau lokapitāmahaḥ

[1.22.1] pra- (“forth, forward”) + thame he great seer then

Word make-up

[[iti (इति): [[iti is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
śrīviṣṇupurāṇe (श्रीविष्णुपुराणे): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.”
prathame (प्रथमे): pra- (“forth, forward”) + thame; pra- (“forth, forward”) + thame.
'ṃśa (ऽंश): 'ṃśa is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ekaviṃśo (एकविंशो): ekaviṃśo is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
'dhyāyaḥ (ऽध्यायः): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
]]: ]] is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
yadābhiṣiktaḥ (यदाभिषिक्तः): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.”
sa (स): he; Nominative singular masculine of tad: “he, that one.”
pṛthuḥ (पृथुः): The core matches the root hu, “to pour the offering.”
pūrvaṃ (पूर्वं): The core matches the root pū, “to purify.”
rājye (राज्ये): The core matches the root rāj, “to shine, to rule.”
maharṣibhiḥ (महर्षिभिः): great seer; Inflected from maharṣi. mahā + ṛṣi: great seer.
tataḥ (ततः): then; From tad + tas: “from that, then.”
krameṇa (क्रमेण): The core matches the root kram, “to step.”
rājyāni (राज्यानि): The core matches the root rāj, “to shine, to rule.”
dadau (ददौ): dadau is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
lokapitāmahaḥ (लोकपितामहः): The core matches the root lok, “to see, to shine.”

नक्षत्रग्रहविप्राणां वीरुधां चाप्य् अशेषतः सोमं राज्ये ऽदधद् ब्रह्मा यज्ञानां तपसाम् अपि

nakṣatragrahaviprāṇāṃ vīrudhāṃ cāpy aśeṣataḥ somaṃ rājye 'dadhad brahmā yajñānāṃ tapasām api

[1.22.2] a- (“not”) + śeṣataḥ the moon Not the neuter brahma offering heat also

Word make-up

nakṣatragrahaviprāṇāṃ (नक्षत्रग्रहविप्राणां): The core matches the root grah, “to grasp.”
vīrudhāṃ (वीरुधां): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.”
cāpy (चाप्य्): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.”
aśeṣataḥ (अशेषतः): a- (“not”) + śeṣataḥ; a- (“not”) + śeṣataḥ.
somaṃ (सोमं): the moon; Inflected from soma. candra from cand, “to shine.” The moon. soma is the pressed plant and the moon.
rājye (राज्ये): The core matches the root rāj, “to shine, to rule.”
'dadhad (ऽदधद्): 'dadhad is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
brahmā (ब्रह्मा): Not the neuter brahma; Masculine of brahman: Brahmā, the creator god, “the swelling/vast one” as a person. Not the neuter brahma.
yajñānāṃ (यज्ञानां): offering; From yaj, “to offer.” The offering.
tapasām (तपसाम्): heat; Inflected from tapasā. From tap, “to heat, to burn.” Heat; the heating of oneself (austerity as inner heat, not grim duty).
api (अपि): also; Particle: “also, even, though.”

राज्ञां वैश्रवणं राज्ये जलानां वरुणं तथा आदित्यानां पतिं विष्णुं वसूनाम् अथ पावकम्

rājñāṃ vaiśravaṇaṃ rājye jalānāṃ varuṇaṃ tathā ādityānāṃ patiṃ viṣṇuṃ vasūnām atha pāvakam

[1.22.3] so The pervading one then

Word make-up

rājñāṃ (राज्ञां): The core matches the root rāj, “to shine, to rule.”
vaiśravaṇaṃ (वैश्रवणं): vaiśravaṇaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
rājye (राज्ये): The core matches the root rāj, “to shine, to rule.”
jalānāṃ (जलानां): jalānāṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
varuṇaṃ (वरुणं): varuṇaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tathā (तथा): so; ta- + thā: “in that way, so.”
ādityānāṃ (आदित्यानां): The core matches the root yā, “to go.” ā- (“unto, fully”) + dityānāṃ.
patiṃ (पतिं): The core matches the root pat, “to fall.”
viṣṇuṃ (विष्णुं): The pervading one; Inflected from viṣṇu. From viṣ, “to be active, to pervade.” The pervading one.
vasūnām (वसूनाम्): The core matches the root vas, “to dwell.”
atha (अथ): then; Particle: “then, now” — starts a new move.
pāvakam (पावकम्): The core matches the root kam, “to desire.”

प्रजापतीनां दक्षं तु वासवं मरुताम् अपि दैत्यानां दानवानां च प्रह्लादम् अधिपं ददौ

prajāpatīnāṃ dakṣaṃ tu vāsavaṃ marutām api daityānāṃ dānavānāṃ ca prahlādam adhipaṃ dadau

[1.22.4] able but also and adhi- (“over, concerning, unto”) + paṃ

Word make-up

prajāpatīnāṃ (प्रजापतीनां): The core matches the root pat, “to fall.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + jāpatīnāṃ.
dakṣaṃ (दक्षं): able; Inflected from dakṣa. From dakṣ, “to be able.” Able, skilful.
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
vāsavaṃ (वासवं): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
marutām (मरुताम्): marutām is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
api (अपि): also; Particle: “also, even, though.”
daityānāṃ (दैत्यानां): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
dānavānāṃ (दानवानां): The core matches the root dā, “to give.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
prahlādam (प्रह्लादम्): The core matches the root dam, “to tame.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + hlādam.
adhipaṃ (अधिपं): adhi- (“over, concerning, unto”) + paṃ; adhi- (“over, concerning, unto”) + paṃ.
dadau (ददौ): dadau is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

मरुतां दितिपुत्राणां वासवम् अधिपं ददौ

marutāṃ ditiputrāṇāṃ vāsavam adhipaṃ dadau

[1.22.4.61] adhi- (“over, concerning, unto”) + paṃ

Word make-up

marutāṃ (मरुतां): marutāṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ditiputrāṇāṃ (दितिपुत्राणां): ditiputrāṇāṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
vāsavam (वासवम्): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
adhipaṃ (अधिपं): adhi- (“over, concerning, unto”) + paṃ; adhi- (“over, concerning, unto”) + paṃ.
dadau (ददौ): dadau is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

पितॄणां धर्मराजानं यमं राज्ये ऽभ्यषेचयत् ऐरावतं गजेन्द्राणाम् अशेषाणां पतिं ददौ

pitṝṇāṃ dharmarājānaṃ yamaṃ rājye 'bhyaṣecayat airāvataṃ gajendrāṇām aśeṣāṇāṃ patiṃ dadau

[1.22.5] whom a- (“not”) + irāvataṃ a- (“not”) + śeṣāṇāṃ

Word make-up

pitṝṇāṃ (पितॄणां): pitṝṇāṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
dharmarājānaṃ (धर्मराजानं): The core matches the root rāj, “to shine, to rule.”
yamaṃ (यमं): whom; Inflected from yam. Accusative of yad: “whom, which.”
rājye (राज्ये): The core matches the root rāj, “to shine, to rule.”
'bhyaṣecayat (ऽभ्यषेचयत्): 'bhyaṣecayat is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
airāvataṃ (ऐरावतं): a- (“not”) + irāvataṃ; a- (“not”) + irāvataṃ.
gajendrāṇām (गजेन्द्राणाम्): gajendrāṇām is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
aśeṣāṇāṃ (अशेषाणां): a- (“not”) + śeṣāṇāṃ; a- (“not”) + śeṣāṇāṃ.
patiṃ (पतिं): The core matches the root pat, “to fall.”
dadau (ददौ): dadau is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

पतत्रिणां च गरुडं देवानाम् अपि वासवम् उच्चैःश्रवसम् अश्वानां वृषभं तु गवाम् अपि

patatriṇāṃ ca garuḍaṃ devānām api vāsavam uccaiḥśravasam aśvānāṃ vṛṣabhaṃ tu gavām api

[1.22.6] and shining one also a- (“not”) + śvānāṃ but also

Word make-up

patatriṇāṃ (पतत्रिणां): The core matches the root pat, “to fall.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
garuḍaṃ (गरुडं): garuḍaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
devānām (देवानाम्): shining one; From div, “to shine.” A shining one; a god as a shining being, not a generic “God.”
api (अपि): also; Particle: “also, even, though.”
vāsavam (वासवम्): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
uccaiḥśravasam (उच्चैःश्रवसम्): The core matches the root vas, “to dwell.”
aśvānāṃ (अश्वानां): a- (“not”) + śvānāṃ; a- (“not”) + śvānāṃ.
vṛṣabhaṃ (वृषभं): The core matches the root vṛ, “to cover / to choose.”
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
gavām (गवाम्): gavām is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
api (अपि): also; Particle: “also, even, though.”

हिमालयं स्थावरणां मुनीनां कपिलं मुनिम्

himālayaṃ sthāvaraṇāṃ munīnāṃ kapilaṃ munim

[1.22.6.62] The sage Kapila of Sāṅkhya silent thinker

Word make-up

himālayaṃ (हिमालयं): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
sthāvaraṇāṃ (स्थावरणां): The core matches the root sthā, “to stand.”
munīnāṃ (मुनीनां): The core matches the root nī, “to lead.”
kapilaṃ (कपिलं): The sage Kapila of Sāṅkhya; Inflected from kapila. kapila: tawny. The sage Kapila of Sāṅkhya.
munim (मुनिम्): silent thinker; Inflected from muni. From man, “to think,” or maun “silence.” The thinker / the silent one.

शेषं तु नागराजानं मृगाणां सिंहम् ईश्वरम्

śeṣaṃ tu nāgarājānaṃ mṛgāṇāṃ siṃham īśvaram

[1.22.7ab] but lion the capable ruler

Word make-up

śeṣaṃ (शेषं): śeṣaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
nāgarājānaṃ (नागराजानं): The core matches the root rāj, “to shine, to rule.”
mṛgāṇāṃ (मृगाणां): The core matches the root mṛ, “to die.”
siṃham (सिंहम्): lion; Inflected from siṃha. siṃha: lion.
īśvaram (ईश्वरम्): the capable ruler; From īś, “to own, to be able, to rule” + vara (“choice, capable”). The capable ruler; the owner.

मृगाणाम् अपि सर्वेषां राज्ये सिंहं ददौ विभुः

mṛgāṇām api sarveṣāṃ rājye siṃhaṃ dadau vibhuḥ

[1.22.7ab.63:1] also of all lion

Word make-up

mṛgāṇām (मृगाणाम्): The core matches the root mṛ, “to die.”
api (अपि): also; Particle: “also, even, though.”
sarveṣāṃ (सर्वेषां): of all; Genitive plural of sarva: of all.
rājye (राज्ये): The core matches the root rāj, “to shine, to rule.”
siṃhaṃ (सिंहं): lion; Inflected from siṃha. siṃha: lion.
dadau (ददौ): dadau is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
vibhuḥ (विभुः): The core matches the root hu, “to pour the offering.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + bhuḥ.

क्रव्यादानां दंष्ट्रिणां च मृगाणां व्याघ्रम् ईश्वरम्

kravyādānāṃ daṃṣṭriṇāṃ ca mṛgāṇāṃ vyāghram īśvaram

[1.22.7ab.63:2] and the capable ruler

Word make-up

kravyādānāṃ (क्रव्यादानां): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
daṃṣṭriṇāṃ (दंष्ट्रिणां): daṃṣṭriṇāṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
mṛgāṇāṃ (मृगाणां): The core matches the root mṛ, “to die.”
vyāghram (व्याघ्रम्): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
īśvaram (ईश्वरम्): the capable ruler; From īś, “to own, to be able, to rule” + vara (“choice, capable”). The capable ruler; the owner.

वनस्पतीनां राजानं प्लक्षम् एवाभ्यषेचयत्

vanaspatīnāṃ rājānaṃ plakṣam evābhyaṣecayat

[1.22.7cd] king

Word make-up

vanaspatīnāṃ (वनस्पतीनां): The core matches the root pat, “to fall.”
rājānaṃ (राजानं): king; From rāj, “to shine, to rule.” The shining ruler; a king.
plakṣam (प्लक्षम्): The core matches the root kṣam, “to endure.”
evābhyaṣecayat (एवाभ्यषेचयत्): evābhyaṣecayat is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

एवं विभज्य जातीनां प्राधान्येनाकरोत् प्रभून्

evaṃ vibhajya jātīnāṃ prādhānyenākarot prabhūn

[1.22.7.64] just

Word make-up

evaṃ (एवं): just; Inflected from eva. Particle of restriction or emphasis: “only, just, indeed.”
vibhajya (विभज्य): The core matches the root bhaj, “to share, to resort to.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + bhajya.
jātīnāṃ (जातीनां): jātīnāṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
prādhānyenākarot (प्राधान्येनाकरोत्): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.”
prabhūn (प्रभून्): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + bhūn.

एवं विभज्य राज्यानि दिशां पालान् अनन्तरम् प्रजापतिपतिर् ब्रह्मा स्थापयाम् आस सर्वतः

evaṃ vibhajya rājyāni diśāṃ pālān anantaram prajāpatipatir brahmā sthāpayām āsa sarvataḥ

[1.22.8] just not inner Not the neuter brahma all

Word make-up

evaṃ (एवं): just; Inflected from eva. Particle of restriction or emphasis: “only, just, indeed.”
vibhajya (विभज्य): The core matches the root bhaj, “to share, to resort to.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + bhajya.
rājyāni (राज्यानि): The core matches the root rāj, “to shine, to rule.”
diśāṃ (दिशां): diśāṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
pālān (पालान्): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.”
anantaram (अनन्तरम्): not inner; an- (“not,” before vowels) joined to antaram. antar: inside, among. The inner. Together the form means an + that sense.
prajāpatipatir (प्रजापतिपतिर्): The core matches the root pat, “to fall.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + jāpatipatir.
brahmā (ब्रह्मा): Not the neuter brahma; Masculine of brahman: Brahmā, the creator god, “the swelling/vast one” as a person. Not the neuter brahma.
sthāpayām (स्थापयाम्): The core matches the root sthā, “to stand.”
āsa (आस): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
sarvataḥ (सर्वतः): all; sarva: whole, all. The entire, not a leftover.

पूर्वस्यां दिशि राजानं वैराजस्य प्रजापतेः दिशापालं सुधन्वानं राजानं सो ऽभ्यषेचयत्

pūrvasyāṃ diśi rājānaṃ vairājasya prajāpateḥ diśāpālaṃ sudhanvānaṃ rājānaṃ so 'bhyaṣecayat

[1.22.9] direction king king

Word make-up

pūrvasyāṃ (पूर्वस्यां): The core matches the root vas, “to dwell.”
diśi (दिशि): direction; Inflected from diśa. diś: direction, quarter of the sky.
rājānaṃ (राजानं): king; From rāj, “to shine, to rule.” The shining ruler; a king.
vairājasya (वैराजस्य): The core matches the root rāj, “to shine, to rule.”
prajāpateḥ (प्रजापतेः): The core matches the root pat, “to fall.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + jāpateḥ.
diśāpālaṃ (दिशापालं): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.”
sudhanvānaṃ (सुधन्वानं): The core matches the root han, “to strike.” su- (“well, good”) + dhanvānaṃ.
rājānaṃ (राजानं): king; From rāj, “to shine, to rule.” The shining ruler; a king.
so (सो): so is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
'bhyaṣecayat (ऽभ्यषेचयत्): 'bhyaṣecayat is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

दक्षिणस्यां दिशि तथा कर्दमस्य प्रजापतेः पुत्रं शङ्खपदं नाम राजानं सो ऽभ्यषेचयत्

dakṣiṇasyāṃ diśi tathā kardamasya prajāpateḥ putraṃ śaṅkhapadaṃ nāma rājānaṃ so 'bhyaṣecayat

[1.22.10] direction so name king

Word make-up

dakṣiṇasyāṃ (दक्षिणस्यां): The core matches the root kṣi, “to dwell / to destroy.”
diśi (दिशि): direction; Inflected from diśa. diś: direction, quarter of the sky.
tathā (तथा): so; ta- + thā: “in that way, so.”
kardamasya (कर्दमस्य): The core matches the root dam, “to tame.”
prajāpateḥ (प्रजापतेः): The core matches the root pat, “to fall.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + jāpateḥ.
putraṃ (पुत्रं): putraṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
śaṅkhapadaṃ (शङ्खपदं): The core matches the root pad, “to go, to fall.”
nāma (नाम): name; nāman: name, from a root of bending/marking. The name.
rājānaṃ (राजानं): king; From rāj, “to shine, to rule.” The shining ruler; a king.
so (सो): so is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
'bhyaṣecayat (ऽभ्यषेचयत्): 'bhyaṣecayat is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

पश्चिमस्यां दिशि तथा रजसः पुत्रम् अच्युतम् केतुमन्तं महात्मानं राजानम् अभिषिक्तवान्

paścimasyāṃ diśi tathā rajasaḥ putram acyutam ketumantaṃ mahātmānaṃ rājānam abhiṣiktavān

[1.22.11] direction so stirring acyutam king

Word make-up

paścimasyāṃ (पश्चिमस्यां): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
diśi (दिशि): direction; Inflected from diśa. diś: direction, quarter of the sky.
tathā (तथा): so; ta- + thā: “in that way, so.”
rajasaḥ (रजसः): stirring; From rañj / raj, “to be coloured, to be stirred.” The strand of stirring, colouring, passion.
putram (पुत्रम्): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
acyutam (अच्युतम्): Unfallen; he who does not fall away; Inflected from acyuta. a- (“not”) + cyuta (cyu, “to fall, to drop”). Unfallen; he who does not fall away.
ketumantaṃ (केतुमन्तं): The core matches the root man, “to think.”
mahātmānaṃ (महात्मानं): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
rājānam (राजानम्): king; From rāj, “to shine, to rule.” The shining ruler; a king.
abhiṣiktavān (अभिषिक्तवान्): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.” abhi- (“toward, over, against”) + ṣiktavān.

तथा हिरण्यरोमाणं पर्जन्यस्य प्रजापतेः उदीच्यां दिशि दुर्धर्षं राजानं सो ऽभ्यषेचयत्

tathā hiraṇyaromāṇaṃ parjanyasya prajāpateḥ udīcyāṃ diśi durdharṣaṃ rājānaṃ so 'bhyaṣecayat

[1.22.12] so direction dur- (“ill, hard”) + dharṣaṃ king

Word make-up

tathā (तथा): so; ta- + thā: “in that way, so.”
hiraṇyaromāṇaṃ (हिरण्यरोमाणं): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
parjanyasya (पर्जन्यस्य): The core matches the root jan, “to be born.”
prajāpateḥ (प्रजापतेः): The core matches the root pat, “to fall.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + jāpateḥ.
udīcyāṃ (उदीच्यां): The core matches the root yā, “to go.” ud- (“up, out”) + īcyāṃ.
diśi (दिशि): direction; Inflected from diśa. diś: direction, quarter of the sky.
durdharṣaṃ (दुर्धर्षं): dur- (“ill, hard”) + dharṣaṃ; dur- (“ill, hard”) + dharṣaṃ.
rājānaṃ (राजानं): king; From rāj, “to shine, to rule.” The shining ruler; a king.
so (सो): so is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
'bhyaṣecayat (ऽभ्यषेचयत्): 'bhyaṣecayat is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

तैर् इयं पृथिवी सर्वा सप्तद्वीपा सकानना यथाप्रदेशम् अद्यापि धर्मतः परिपाल्यते

tair iyaṃ pṛthivī sarvā saptadvīpā sakānanā yathāpradeśam adyāpi dharmataḥ paripālyate

[1.22.13] this all

Word make-up

tair (तैर्): tair is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
iyaṃ (इयं): this; Feminine of idam: “this.”
pṛthivī (पृथिवी): pṛthivī is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sarvā (सर्वा): all; Inflected from sarva. sarva: whole, all. The entire, not a leftover.
saptadvīpā (सप्तद्वीपा): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.”
sakānanā (सकानना): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
yathāpradeśam (यथाप्रदेशम्): The core matches the root śam, “to be calm.”
adyāpi (अद्यापि): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.” a- (“not”) + dyāpi.
dharmataḥ (धर्मतः): dharmataḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
paripālyate (परिपाल्यते): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.” pari- (“around”) + pālyate.

एते सर्वे प्रवृत्तस्य स्थितौ विष्णोर् महात्मनः विभूतिभूता राजानो ये चान्ये मुनिसत्तम

ete sarve pravṛttasya sthitau viṣṇor mahātmanaḥ vibhūtibhūtā rājāno ye cānye munisattama

[1.22.14] these all standing who

Word make-up

ete (एते): these; Nominative plural of etad: “these.”
sarve (सर्वे): all; Nominative plural of sarva: “all.”
pravṛttasya (प्रवृत्तस्य): The core matches the root vṛt, “to turn.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + vṛttasya.
sthitau (स्थितौ): standing; Inflected from sthita. From sthā, “to stand.” Standing-place; stood; having stood; stands.
viṣṇor (विष्णोर्): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + ṣṇor.
mahātmanaḥ (महात्मनः): The core matches the root man, “to think.”
vibhūtibhūtā (विभूतिभूता): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + bhūtibhūtā.
rājāno (राजानो): The core matches the root rāj, “to shine, to rule.”
ye (ये): who; Nominative plural of yad: “who, which.” Relative stem ya-.
cānye (चान्ये): cānye is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
munisattama (मुनिसत्तम): munisattama is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

ये भविष्यन्ति ये भूताः सर्वभूतेश्वरा द्विज ते सर्वे सर्वभूतस्य विष्णोर् अंशा द्विजोत्तम

ye bhaviṣyanti ye bhūtāḥ sarvabhūteśvarā dvija te sarve sarvabhūtasya viṣṇor aṃśā dvijottama

[1.22.15] who who what has come to be twice-born you all a- (“not”) + ṃśā twice-born

Word make-up

ye (ये): who; Nominative plural of yad: “who, which.” Relative stem ya-.
bhaviṣyanti (भविष्यन्ति): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.”
ye (ये): who; Nominative plural of yad: “who, which.” Relative stem ya-.
bhūtāḥ (भूताः): what has come to be; Inflected from bhūta. Past participle of bhū: “what has come to be; a being.”
sarvabhūteśvarā (सर्वभूतेश्वरा): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
dvija (द्विज): twice-born; dvi-ja “twice-born.” dvija-uttama: upmost of the twice-born.
te (ते): you; Enclitic of yuṣmad (“your / to you”) or nominative plural of tad (“they”). Sense follows the verse.
sarve (सर्वे): all; Nominative plural of sarva: “all.”
sarvabhūtasya (सर्वभूतस्य): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
viṣṇor (विष्णोर्): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + ṣṇor.
aṃśā (अंशा): a- (“not”) + ṃśā; a- (“not”) + ṃśā.
dvijottama (द्विजोत्तम): twice-born; dvi-ja “twice-born.” dvija-uttama: upmost of the twice-born.

ये तु देवाधिपतयो ये च दैत्याधिपास् तथा दानवानां च ये नाथा ये नाथाः पिशिताशिनाम्

ye tu devādhipatayo ye ca daityādhipās tathā dānavānāṃ ca ye nāthā ye nāthāḥ piśitāśinām

[1.22.16] who but who and so and who who

Word make-up

ye (ये): who; Nominative plural of yad: “who, which.” Relative stem ya-.
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
devādhipatayo (देवाधिपतयो): The core matches the root pat, “to fall.”
ye (ये): who; Nominative plural of yad: “who, which.” Relative stem ya-.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
daityādhipās (दैत्याधिपास्): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
tathā (तथा): so; ta- + thā: “in that way, so.”
dānavānāṃ (दानवानां): The core matches the root dā, “to give.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
ye (ये): who; Nominative plural of yad: “who, which.” Relative stem ya-.
nāthā (नाथा): nāthā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ye (ये): who; Nominative plural of yad: “who, which.” Relative stem ya-.
nāthāḥ (नाथाः): nāthāḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
piśitāśinām (पिशिताशिनाम्): piśitāśinām is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

पशूनां ये च पतयः पतयो ये च पक्षिणाम् मनुष्याणां च सर्पाणां नागानां चाधिपास् तु ये

paśūnāṃ ye ca patayaḥ patayo ye ca pakṣiṇām manuṣyāṇāṃ ca sarpāṇāṃ nāgānāṃ cādhipās tu ye

[1.22.17] who and who and and but who

Word make-up

paśūnāṃ (पशूनां): paśūnāṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ye (ये): who; Nominative plural of yad: “who, which.” Relative stem ya-.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
patayaḥ (पतयः): The core matches the root pat, “to fall.”
patayo (पतयो): The core matches the root pat, “to fall.”
ye (ये): who; Nominative plural of yad: “who, which.” Relative stem ya-.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
pakṣiṇām (पक्षिणाम्): The core matches the root kṣi, “to dwell / to destroy.”
manuṣyāṇāṃ (मनुष्याणां): The core matches the root man, “to think.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
sarpāṇāṃ (सर्पाणां): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.”
nāgānāṃ (नागानां): nāgānāṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
cādhipās (चाधिपास्): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
ye (ये): who; Nominative plural of yad: “who, which.” Relative stem ya-.

वृक्षाणां पर्वतानां च ग्रहाणां चापि ये ऽधिपाः अतीता वर्तमानाश् च ये भविष्यन्ति चापरे ते सर्वे सर्वभूतस्य विष्णोर् अंशसमुद्भवाः

vṛkṣāṇāṃ parvatānāṃ ca grahāṇāṃ cāpi ye 'dhipāḥ atītā vartamānāś ca ye bhaviṣyanti cāpare te sarve sarvabhūtasya viṣṇor aṃśasamudbhavāḥ

[1.22.18] and bow who a- (“not”) + tītā and who you all

Word make-up

vṛkṣāṇāṃ (वृक्षाणां): The core matches the root vṛ, “to cover / to choose.”
parvatānāṃ (पर्वतानां): parvatānāṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
grahāṇāṃ (ग्रहाणां): The core matches the root grah, “to grasp.”
cāpi (चापि): bow; Inflected from cāpa. dhanus: bow. cāpa also bow.
ye (ये): who; Nominative plural of yad: “who, which.” Relative stem ya-.
'dhipāḥ (ऽधिपाः): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.”
atītā (अतीता): a- (“not”) + tītā; a- (“not”) + tītā.
vartamānāś (वर्तमानाश्): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
ye (ये): who; Nominative plural of yad: “who, which.” Relative stem ya-.
bhaviṣyanti (भविष्यन्ति): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.”
cāpare (चापरे): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.”
te (ते): you; Enclitic of yuṣmad (“your / to you”) or nominative plural of tad (“they”). Sense follows the verse.
sarve (सर्वे): all; Nominative plural of sarva: “all.”
sarvabhūtasya (सर्वभूतस्य): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
viṣṇor (विष्णोर्): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + ṣṇor.
aṃśasamudbhavāḥ (अंशसमुद्भवाः): The core matches the root mud, “to be glad.” a- (“not”) + ṃśasamudbhavāḥ.

न हि पालनसामर्थ्यम् ऋते सर्वेश्वरं हरिम् स्थितौ स्थितं महाप्राज्ञ भवत्य् अन्यस्य कस्यचित्

na hi pālanasāmarthyam ṛte sarveśvaraṃ harim sthitau sthitaṃ mahāprājña bhavaty anyasya kasyacit

[1.22.19] not for the fitted-true standing standing another

Word make-up

na (न): not; Negation: “not.”
hi (हि): for; Particle: “for, because, indeed” — marks a reason or emphasis.
pālanasāmarthyam (पालनसामर्थ्यम्): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.”
ṛte (ऋते): the fitted-true; Inflected from ṛta. ṛta: the fitted, the true course (from ṛ, “to go”). What is right-fitted.
sarveśvaraṃ (सर्वेश्वरं): sarveśvaraṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
harim (हरिम्): harim is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sthitau (स्थितौ): standing; Inflected from sthita. From sthā, “to stand.” Standing-place; stood; having stood; stands.
sthitaṃ (स्थितं): standing; Inflected from sthita. From sthā, “to stand.” Standing-place; stood; having stood; stands.
mahāprājña (महाप्राज्ञ): The core matches the root rāj, “to shine, to rule.”
bhavaty (भवत्य्): bhavaty is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
anyasya (अन्यस्य): another; Inflected from anya. Nominative singular of anya: “another.”
kasyacit (कस्यचित्): The core matches the root cit, “to perceive, to notice.”

सृजत्य् एष जगत् सृष्टौ स्थितौ पाति सनातनः हन्ति चैवान्तकत्वे च रजःसत्त्वादिसंश्रयः

sṛjaty eṣa jagat sṛṣṭau sthitau pāti sanātanaḥ hanti caivāntakatve ca rajaḥsattvādisaṃśrayaḥ

[1.22.20] this one the moving world standing age-long striking and

Word make-up

sṛjaty (सृजत्य्): The core matches the root sṛj, “to emit.”
eṣa (एष): this one; Masculine of etad: “this one.”
jagat (जगत्): the moving world; From gam, “to go” (intensive): that which keeps going, the moving world.
sṛṣṭau (सृष्टौ): The core matches the root sṛ, “to flow.”
sthitau (स्थितौ): standing; Inflected from sthita. From sthā, “to stand.” Standing-place; stood; having stood; stands.
pāti (पाति): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.”
sanātanaḥ (सनातनः): age-long; sanā + tana: stretching from of old; age-long.
hanti (हन्ति): striking; From han, “to strike, to slay.” Strikes; is struck; to slay; having slain.
caivāntakatve (चैवान्तकत्वे): caivāntakatve is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
rajaḥsattvādisaṃśrayaḥ (रजःसत्त्वादिसंश्रयः): rajaḥsattvādisaṃśrayaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

चतुर्विभागः संसृष्टौ चतुर्धा संस्थितः स्थितौ प्रलयं च करोत्य् अन्ते चतुर्भेदो जनार्दनः

caturvibhāgaḥ saṃsṛṣṭau caturdhā saṃsthitaḥ sthitau pralayaṃ ca karoty ante caturbhedo janārdanaḥ

[1.22.21] standing standing pra- (“forth, forward”) + layaṃ and end janārdanaḥ

Word make-up

caturvibhāgaḥ (चतुर्विभागः): caturvibhāgaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
saṃsṛṣṭau (संसृष्टौ): The core matches the root sṛ, “to flow.” saṃ- (“together”) + sṛṣṭau.
caturdhā (चतुर्धा): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.”
saṃsthitaḥ (संस्थितः): standing; saṃ- (“together”) joined to sthitaḥ. From sthā, “to stand.” Standing-place; stood; having stood; stands. Together the form means saṃ + that sense.
sthitau (स्थितौ): standing; Inflected from sthita. From sthā, “to stand.” Standing-place; stood; having stood; stands.
pralayaṃ (प्रलयं): pra- (“forth, forward”) + layaṃ; pra- (“forth, forward”) + layaṃ.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
karoty (करोत्य्): karoty is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ante (अन्ते): end; anta: end, edge, death as the end. The limit.
caturbhedo (चतुर्भेदो): caturbhedo is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
janārdanaḥ (जनार्दनः): A name of Kṛṣṇa; jana (“people,” jan “to be born”) + ardana (ard, “to agitate, to distress”). Agitator of people; or destroyer of the wicked among men. A name of Kṛṣṇa.

एकेनांशेन ब्रह्मासौ भवत्य् अव्यक्तमूर्तिमान् मरीचिमिश्राः पतयः प्रजानाम् अन्यभागतः

ekenāṃśena brahmāsau bhavaty avyaktamūrtimān marīcimiśrāḥ patayaḥ prajānām anyabhāgataḥ

[1.22.22] pra- (“forth, forward”) + jānām

Word make-up

ekenāṃśena (एकेनांशेन): ekenāṃśena is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
brahmāsau (ब्रह्मासौ): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
bhavaty (भवत्य्): bhavaty is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
avyaktamūrtimān (अव्यक्तमूर्तिमान्): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.” a- (“not”) + vyaktamūrtimān.
marīcimiśrāḥ (मरीचिमिश्राः): marīcimiśrāḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
patayaḥ (पतयः): The core matches the root pat, “to fall.”
prajānām (प्रजानाम्): pra- (“forth, forward”) + jānām; pra- (“forth, forward”) + jānām.
anyabhāgataḥ (अन्यभागतः): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.” a- (“not”) + nyabhāgataḥ.

कालस् तृतीयस् तस्यांशः सर्वभूतानि चापरः इत्थं चतुर्धा संसृष्टौ वर्तते ऽसौ रजोगुणः

kālas tṛtīyas tasyāṃśaḥ sarvabhūtāni cāparaḥ itthaṃ caturdhā saṃsṛṣṭau vartate 'sau rajoguṇaḥ

[1.22.23] time turns

Word make-up

kālas (कालस्): time; kāla: time; also “the dark, the calculating.” Time as what counts out and cuts off.
tṛtīyas (तृतीयस्): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
tasyāṃśaḥ (तस्यांशः): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
sarvabhūtāni (सर्वभूतानि): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
cāparaḥ (चापरः): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.”
itthaṃ (इत्थं): itthaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
caturdhā (चतुर्धा): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.”
saṃsṛṣṭau (संसृष्टौ): The core matches the root sṛ, “to flow.” saṃ- (“together”) + sṛṣṭau.
vartate (वर्तते): turns; From vṛt, “to turn.” Turns, goes on. pra-vṛt: turns forth, starts.
'sau (ऽसौ): 'sau is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
rajoguṇaḥ (रजोगुणः): rajoguṇaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

एकांशेनास्थितो विष्णुः करोति परिपालनम् मन्वादिरूपी चान्येन कालरूपो ऽपरेण च

ekāṃśenāsthito viṣṇuḥ karoti paripālanam manvādirūpī cānyena kālarūpo 'pareṇa ca

[1.22.24] The pervading one doing and

Word make-up

ekāṃśenāsthito (एकांशेनास्थितो): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
viṣṇuḥ (विष्णुः): The pervading one; From viṣ, “to be active, to pervade.” The pervading one.
karoti (करोति): doing; From kṛ, “to do, to make.” To do; having done; doing.
paripālanam (परिपालनम्): The core matches the root nam, “to bow.” pari- (“around”) + pālanam.
manvādirūpī (मन्वादिरूपी): The core matches the root man, “to think.”
cānyena (चान्येन): cānyena is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
kālarūpo (कालरूपो): kālarūpo is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
'pareṇa (ऽपरेण): 'pareṇa is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”

सर्वभूतेषु चान्येन संस्थितः कुरुते स्थितिम् सत्त्वं गुणं समाश्रित्य जगतः पुरुषोत्तमः

sarvabhūteṣu cānyena saṃsthitaḥ kurute sthitim sattvaṃ guṇaṃ samāśritya jagataḥ puruṣottamaḥ

[1.22.25] standing does standing being-ness strand leaning-on the moving world upmost Person

Word make-up

sarvabhūteṣu (सर्वभूतेषु): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
cānyena (चान्येन): cānyena is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
saṃsthitaḥ (संस्थितः): standing; saṃ- (“together”) joined to sthitaḥ. From sthā, “to stand.” Standing-place; stood; having stood; stands. Together the form means saṃ + that sense.
kurute (कुरुते): does; From kṛ, “to do.” Does; you do!; do! (kuru can also vocative of Kuru).
sthitim (स्थितिम्): standing; Inflected from sthita. From sthā, “to stand.” Standing-place; stood; having stood; stands.
sattvaṃ (सत्त्वं): being-ness; sat (“being,” from as “to be”) + -tva (abstract). Being-ness; the strand of lucidity and being-true.
guṇaṃ (गुणं): strand; A strand, a thread, then a constituent quality. In Sāṅkhya, the three strands that braid experience. Not a moral “virtue.”
samāśritya (समाश्रित्य): leaning-on; sam- (“together”) joined to āśritya. ā-śri, “to lean toward.” A leaning-on; having taken lean-on (refuge as leaning). Together the form means sam + that sense.
jagataḥ (जगतः): the moving world; From gam, “to go” (intensive): that which keeps going, the moving world.
puruṣottamaḥ (पुरुषोत्तमः): upmost Person; puruṣa + uttama (ud-tama, upmost). O upmost Person.

आश्रित्य तमसो वृत्तिम् अन्तकाले तथा प्रभुः रुद्रस्वरूपी भगवान् एकांशेन भवत्य् अजः

āśritya tamaso vṛttim antakāle tathā prabhuḥ rudrasvarūpī bhagavān ekāṃśena bhavaty ajaḥ

[1.22.26] leaning-on darkness at the end-time so the Lord not born from

Word make-up

āśritya (आश्रित्य): leaning-on; ā-śri, “to lean toward.” A leaning-on; having taken lean-on (refuge as leaning).
tamaso (तमसो): darkness; Inflected from tamas. From tam, “to faint, to be dark.” Darkness; the strand of dullness and covering.
vṛttim (वृत्तिम्): The core matches the root vṛt, “to turn.”
antakāle (अन्तकाले): at the end-time; anta (“end”) + kāla (“time, what counts out”). At the end-time.
tathā (तथा): so; ta- + thā: “in that way, so.”
prabhuḥ (प्रभुः): The core matches the root hu, “to pour the offering.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + bhuḥ.
rudrasvarūpī (रुद्रस्वरूपी): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
bhagavān (भगवान्): the Lord; bhaga (“share, portion, majesty,” from bhaj “to share”) + -vant “possessing.” One who has the share of majesty. The Lord as the one possessed of majesty, not a first name.
ekāṃśena (एकांशेन): ekāṃśena is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
bhavaty (भवत्य्): bhavaty is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ajaḥ (अजः): not born from; a- (“not”) joined to jaḥ. From jan, “to be born.” Born from; produced. Together the form means a + that sense.

अग्न्यन्तकादिरूपेण भागेनान्येन वर्तते कालस्वरूपो भागो ऽन्यः सर्वभूतानि चापरः

agnyantakādirūpeṇa bhāgenānyena vartate kālasvarūpo bhāgo 'nyaḥ sarvabhūtāni cāparaḥ

[1.22.27] turns

Word make-up

agnyantakādirūpeṇa (अग्न्यन्तकादिरूपेण): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.” a- (“not”) + gnyantakādirūpeṇa.
bhāgenānyena (भागेनान्येन): bhāgenānyena is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
vartate (वर्तते): turns; From vṛt, “to turn.” Turns, goes on. pra-vṛt: turns forth, starts.
kālasvarūpo (कालस्वरूपो): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
bhāgo (भागो): bhāgo is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
'nyaḥ (ऽन्यः): 'nyaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sarvabhūtāni (सर्वभूतानि): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
cāparaḥ (चापरः): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.”

विनाशं कुर्वतस् तस्य चतुर्धैवं महात्मनः विभागकल्पना ब्रह्मन् कथ्यते सार्वकालिकी

vināśaṃ kurvatas tasya caturdhaivaṃ mahātmanaḥ vibhāgakalpanā brahman kathyate sārvakālikī

[1.22.28] complete perishing of that that-which-is-vast (brahman)

Word make-up

vināśaṃ (विनाशं): complete perishing; vi- (“apart, fully”) + nāśa (naś, “to perish”). Complete perishing.
kurvatas (कुर्वतस्): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
tasya (तस्य): of that; Genitive of tad: “of that, his.”
caturdhaivaṃ (चतुर्धैवं): caturdhaivaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
mahātmanaḥ (महात्मनः): The core matches the root man, “to think.”
vibhāgakalpanā (विभागकल्पना): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + bhāgakalpanā.
brahman (ब्रह्मन्): that-which-is-vast (brahman); Neuter of brahman, from bṛh, “to grow, to swell, to be vast.” It names that which is vast — an entity, not a person. The creator god is a different word, Brahmā (masculine). A brāhmaṇa is a person of that class.
kathyate (कथ्यते): kathyate is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sārvakālikī (सार्वकालिकी): sārvakālikī is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

ब्रह्मा दक्षादयः कालस् तथैवाखिलजन्तवः विभूतयो हरेर् एता जगतः सृष्टिहेतवः

brahmā dakṣādayaḥ kālas tathaivākhilajantavaḥ vibhūtayo harer etā jagataḥ sṛṣṭihetavaḥ

[1.22.29] Not the neuter brahma time the moving world

Word make-up

brahmā (ब्रह्मा): Not the neuter brahma; Masculine of brahman: Brahmā, the creator god, “the swelling/vast one” as a person. Not the neuter brahma.
dakṣādayaḥ (दक्षादयः): dakṣādayaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
kālas (कालस्): time; kāla: time; also “the dark, the calculating.” Time as what counts out and cuts off.
tathaivākhilajantavaḥ (तथैवाखिलजन्तवः): The core matches the root jan, “to be born.”
vibhūtayo (विभूतयो): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + bhūtayo.
harer (हरेर्): harer is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
etā (एता): etā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
jagataḥ (जगतः): the moving world; From gam, “to go” (intensive): that which keeps going, the moving world.
sṛṣṭihetavaḥ (सृष्टिहेतवः): The core matches the root sṛ, “to flow.”

विष्णुर् मन्वादयः कालः सर्वभूतानि च द्विज स्थितेर् निमित्तभूतस्य विष्णोर् एता विभूतयः

viṣṇur manvādayaḥ kālaḥ sarvabhūtāni ca dvija sthiter nimittabhūtasya viṣṇor etā vibhūtayaḥ

[1.22.30] time and twice-born

Word make-up

viṣṇur (विष्णुर्): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + ṣṇur.
manvādayaḥ (मन्वादयः): The core matches the root man, “to think.”
kālaḥ (कालः): time; kāla: time; also “the dark, the calculating.” Time as what counts out and cuts off.
sarvabhūtāni (सर्वभूतानि): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
dvija (द्विज): twice-born; dvi-ja “twice-born.” dvija-uttama: upmost of the twice-born.
sthiter (स्थितेर्): sthiter is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
nimittabhūtasya (निमित्तभूतस्य): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.” ni- (“down, in”) + mittabhūtasya.
viṣṇor (विष्णोर्): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + ṣṇor.
etā (एता): etā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
vibhūtayaḥ (विभूतयः): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + bhūtayaḥ.

रुद्रः कालो ऽन्तकाद्याश् च समस्ताश् चैव जन्तवः चतुर्धा प्रलयायैता जनार्दनविभूतयः

rudraḥ kālo 'ntakādyāś ca samastāś caiva jantavaḥ caturdhā pralayāyaitā janārdanavibhūtayaḥ

[1.22.31] rudraḥ time and

Word make-up

rudraḥ (रुद्रः): ” The howler; Rudra, later a name of Śiva; From rud, “to howl, to cry.” The howler; Rudra, later a name of Śiva.
kālo (कालो): time; Inflected from kāla. kāla: time; also “the dark, the calculating.” Time as what counts out and cuts off.
'ntakādyāś (ऽन्तकाद्याश्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
samastāś (समस्ताश्): The core matches the root as, “to be.” sam- (“together”) + astāś.
caiva (चैव): caiva is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
jantavaḥ (जन्तवः): The core matches the root jan, “to be born.”
caturdhā (चतुर्धा): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.”
pralayāyaitā (प्रलयायैता): The core matches the root yā, “to go.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + layāyaitā.
janārdanavibhūtayaḥ (जनार्दनविभूतयः): The core matches the root jan, “to be born.”

जगदादौ तथा मध्ये सृष्टिर् आप्रलयाद् द्विज धात्रा मरीचिमिश्रैश् च क्रियते जन्तुभिस् तथा

jagadādau tathā madhye sṛṣṭir āpralayād dvija dhātrā marīcimiśraiś ca kriyate jantubhis tathā

[1.22.32] so middle twice-born and is done so

Word make-up

jagadādau (जगदादौ): The core matches the root dā, “to give.”
tathā (तथा): so; ta- + thā: “in that way, so.”
madhye (मध्ये): middle; madhya: middle.
sṛṣṭir (सृष्टिर्): The core matches the root sṛ, “to flow.”
āpralayād (आप्रलयाद्): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.” ā- (“unto, fully”) + pralayād.
dvija (द्विज): twice-born; dvi-ja “twice-born.” dvija-uttama: upmost of the twice-born.
dhātrā (धात्रा): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.”
marīcimiśraiś (मरीचिमिश्रैश्): marīcimiśraiś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
kriyate (क्रियते): is done; Passive of kṛ: it is done.
jantubhis (जन्तुभिस्): The core matches the root jan, “to be born.”
tathā (तथा): so; ta- + thā: “in that way, so.”

ब्रह्मा सृजत्य् आदिकाले मरीचिप्रमुखास् ततः उत्पादयन्त्य् अपत्यानि जन्तवश् च प्रतिक्षणम्

brahmā sṛjaty ādikāle marīcipramukhās tataḥ utpādayanty apatyāni jantavaś ca pratikṣaṇam

[1.22.33] Not the neuter brahma ā- (“unto, fully”) + dikāle then and prati- (“back, against, toward each”) + kṣaṇam

Word make-up

brahmā (ब्रह्मा): Not the neuter brahma; Masculine of brahman: Brahmā, the creator god, “the swelling/vast one” as a person. Not the neuter brahma.
sṛjaty (सृजत्य्): The core matches the root sṛj, “to emit.”
ādikāle (आदिकाले): ā- (“unto, fully”) + dikāle; ā- (“unto, fully”) + dikāle.
marīcipramukhās (मरीचिप्रमुखास्): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
tataḥ (ततः): then; From tad + tas: “from that, then.”
utpādayanty (उत्पादयन्त्य्): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.” ut- (“up, out”) + pādayanty.
apatyāni (अपत्यानि): The core matches the root pat, “to fall.” apa- (“away”) + tyāni.
jantavaś (जन्तवश्): The core matches the root jan, “to be born.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
pratikṣaṇam (प्रतिक्षणम्): prati- (“back, against, toward each”) + kṣaṇam; prati- (“back, against, toward each”) + kṣaṇam.

कालेन न विना ब्रह्मा सृष्टिनिष्पादको द्विज न प्रजापतयः सर्वे न चैवाखिलजन्तवः

kālena na vinā brahmā sṛṣṭiniṣpādako dvija na prajāpatayaḥ sarve na caivākhilajantavaḥ

[1.22.34] time not without Not the neuter brahma twice-born not all not

Word make-up

kālena (कालेन): time; kāla: time; also “the dark, the calculating.” Time as what counts out and cuts off.
na (न): not; Negation: “not.”
vinā (विना): without; Indeclinable: “without.”
brahmā (ब्रह्मा): Not the neuter brahma; Masculine of brahman: Brahmā, the creator god, “the swelling/vast one” as a person. Not the neuter brahma.
sṛṣṭiniṣpādako (सृष्टिनिष्पादको): The core matches the root sṛ, “to flow.”
dvija (द्विज): twice-born; dvi-ja “twice-born.” dvija-uttama: upmost of the twice-born.
na (न): not; Negation: “not.”
prajāpatayaḥ (प्रजापतयः): The core matches the root pat, “to fall.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + jāpatayaḥ.
sarve (सर्वे): all; Nominative plural of sarva: “all.”
na (न): not; Negation: “not.”
caivākhilajantavaḥ (चैवाखिलजन्तवः): The core matches the root jan, “to be born.”

एवम् एव विभागो ऽयं स्थिताव् अप्य् उपदिश्यते चतुर्धा देवदेवस्य मैत्रेय प्रलये तथा

evam eva vibhāgo 'yaṃ sthitāv apy upadiśyate caturdhā devadevasya maitreya pralaye tathā

[1.22.35] just just vi- (“apart, asunder”) + bhāgo god of gods pra- (“forth, forward”) + laye so

Word make-up

evam (एवम्): just; Inflected from eva. Particle of restriction or emphasis: “only, just, indeed.”
eva (एव): just; Particle of restriction or emphasis: “only, just, indeed.”
vibhāgo (विभागो): vi- (“apart, asunder”) + bhāgo; vi- (“apart, asunder”) + bhāgo.
'yaṃ (ऽयं): 'yaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sthitāv (स्थिताव्): sthitāv is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
apy (अप्य्): apy is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
upadiśyate (उपदिश्यते): The core matches the root pad, “to go, to fall.” upa- (“near, toward”) + diśyate.
caturdhā (चतुर्धा): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.”
devadevasya (देवदेवस्य): god of gods; Inflected from devadeva. deva + deva: shining one of shining ones.
maitreya (मैत्रेय): maitreya is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
pralaye (प्रलये): pra- (“forth, forward”) + laye; pra- (“forth, forward”) + laye.
tathā (तथा): so; ta- + thā: “in that way, so.”

यत् किंचित् सृज्यते येन सत्त्वजातेन वै द्विज तस्य सृज्यस्य संभूतौ तत् सर्वं वै हरेस् तनुः

yat kiṃcit sṛjyate yena sattvajātena vai dvija tasya sṛjyasya saṃbhūtau tat sarvaṃ vai hares tanuḥ

[1.22.36] which by which indeed twice-born of that what has come to be that all indeed

Word make-up

yat (यत्): which; Neuter of yad: “which, what, that.” Relative stem ya-.
kiṃcit (किंचित्): The core matches the root cit, “to perceive, to notice.”
sṛjyate (सृज्यते): The core matches the root sṛj, “to emit.”
yena (येन): by which; Instrumental of yad: “by which.”
sattvajātena (सत्त्वजातेन): sattvajātena is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
vai (वै): indeed; Particle of emphasis: “indeed.”
dvija (द्विज): twice-born; dvi-ja “twice-born.” dvija-uttama: upmost of the twice-born.
tasya (तस्य): of that; Genitive of tad: “of that, his.”
sṛjyasya (सृज्यस्य): The core matches the root sṛj, “to emit.”
saṃbhūtau (संभूतौ): what has come to be; saṃ- (“together”) joined to bhūtau. Past participle of bhū: “what has come to be; a being.” Together the form means saṃ + that sense.
tat (तत्): that; Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
sarvaṃ (सर्वं): all; sarva: whole, all. The entire, not a leftover.
vai (वै): indeed; Particle of emphasis: “indeed.”
hares (हरेस्): hares is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tanuḥ (तनुः): The core matches the root tan, “to stretch.”

हन्ति यावत् क्वचित् किंचित् भूतं स्थावरजङ्गमम् जनार्दनस्य तद् रौद्रं मैत्रेयान्तकरं वपुः

hanti yāvat kvacit kiṃcit bhūtaṃ sthāvarajaṅgamam janārdanasya tad raudraṃ maitreyāntakaraṃ vapuḥ

[1.22.37] striking what has come to be janārdanasya that

Word make-up

hanti (हन्ति): striking; From han, “to strike, to slay.” Strikes; is struck; to slay; having slain.
yāvat (यावत्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
kvacit (क्वचित्): The core matches the root vac, “to speak.”
kiṃcit (किंचित्): The core matches the root cit, “to perceive, to notice.”
bhūtaṃ (भूतं): what has come to be; Inflected from bhūta. Past participle of bhū: “what has come to be; a being.”
sthāvarajaṅgamam (स्थावरजङ्गमम्): The core matches the root sthā, “to stand.”
janārdanasya (जनार्दनस्य): A name of Kṛṣṇa; Inflected from janārdana. jana (“people,” jan “to be born”) + ardana (ard, “to agitate, to distress”). Agitator of people; or destroyer of the wicked among men. A name of Kṛṣṇa.
tad (तद्): that; Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
raudraṃ (रौद्रं): raudraṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
maitreyāntakaraṃ (मैत्रेयान्तकरं): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
vapuḥ (वपुः): vapuḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

एवम् एव जगत्स्रष्टा जगत्पाता तथा जगत् जगद्भक्षयिता देवः समस्तस्य जनार्दनः

evam eva jagatsraṣṭā jagatpātā tathā jagat jagadbhakṣayitā devaḥ samastasya janārdanaḥ

[1.22.38] just just so the moving world shining one janārdanaḥ

Word make-up

evam (एवम्): just; Inflected from eva. Particle of restriction or emphasis: “only, just, indeed.”
eva (एव): just; Particle of restriction or emphasis: “only, just, indeed.”
jagatsraṣṭā (जगत्स्रष्टा): jagatsraṣṭā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
jagatpātā (जगत्पाता): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.”
tathā (तथा): so; ta- + thā: “in that way, so.”
jagat (जगत्): the moving world; From gam, “to go” (intensive): that which keeps going, the moving world.
jagadbhakṣayitā (जगद्भक्षयिता): jagadbhakṣayitā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
devaḥ (देवः): shining one; From div, “to shine.” A shining one; a god as a shining being, not a generic “God.”
samastasya (समस्तस्य): The core matches the root as, “to be.” sam- (“together”) + astasya.
janārdanaḥ (जनार्दनः): A name of Kṛṣṇa; jana (“people,” jan “to be born”) + ardana (ard, “to agitate, to distress”). Agitator of people; or destroyer of the wicked among men. A name of Kṛṣṇa.

सर्गस्थित्यन्तकालेषु त्रिधैवं संप्रवर्तते गुणप्रवृत्त्या परमं पदं तस्यागुणं महत्

sargasthityantakāleṣu tridhaivaṃ saṃpravartate guṇapravṛttyā paramaṃ padaṃ tasyāguṇaṃ mahat

[1.22.39] turns highest great

Word make-up

sargasthityantakāleṣu (सर्गस्थित्यन्तकालेषु): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
tridhaivaṃ (त्रिधैवं): tridhaivaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
saṃpravartate (संप्रवर्तते): turns; saṃ- (“together”) joined to pravartate. From vṛt, “to turn.” Turns, goes on. pra-vṛt: turns forth, starts. Together the form means saṃ + that sense.
guṇapravṛttyā (गुणप्रवृत्त्या): The core matches the root vṛt, “to turn.”
paramaṃ (परमं): highest; Superlative of para, “beyond, further.” The furthest, the highest.
padaṃ (पदं): The core matches the root pad, “to go, to fall.”
tasyāguṇaṃ (तस्यागुणं): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
mahat (महत्): great; mahat: great. From mah, “to be great.”

तच् च ज्ञानमयं व्यापि स्वसंवेद्यम् अनौपमम् चतुष्प्रकारं तद् अपि स्वरूपं परमात्मनः

tac ca jñānamayaṃ vyāpi svasaṃvedyam anaupamam catuṣprakāraṃ tad api svarūpaṃ paramātmanaḥ

[1.22.40] and that also

Word make-up

tac (तच्): tac is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
jñānamayaṃ (ज्ञानमयं): The core matches the root nam, “to bow.”
vyāpi (व्यापि): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.”
svasaṃvedyam (स्वसंवेद्यम्): The core matches the root vas, “to dwell.”
anaupamam (अनौपमम्): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.” a- (“not”) + naupamam.
catuṣprakāraṃ (चतुष्प्रकारं): catuṣprakāraṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tad (तद्): that; Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
api (अपि): also; Particle: “also, even, though.”
svarūpaṃ (स्वरूपं): svarūpaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
paramātmanaḥ (परमात्मनः): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”

चतुष्प्रकारतां तस्य ब्रह्मभूतस्य वै मुने त्वाम् आचक्ष्व यथान्यायं यद् उक्तं परमं पदम्

catuṣprakāratāṃ tasya brahmabhūtasya vai mune tvām ācakṣva yathānyāyaṃ yad uktaṃ paramaṃ padam

[1.22.41] of that indeed you ā- (“unto, fully”) + cakṣva which said highest

Word make-up

catuṣprakāratāṃ (चतुष्प्रकारतां): catuṣprakāratāṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tasya (तस्य): of that; Genitive of tad: “of that, his.”
brahmabhūtasya (ब्रह्मभूतस्य): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
vai (वै): indeed; Particle of emphasis: “indeed.”
mune (मुने): mune is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tvām (त्वाम्): you; Accusative of yuṣmad: “you.”
ācakṣva (आचक्ष्व): ā- (“unto, fully”) + cakṣva; ā- (“unto, fully”) + cakṣva.
yathānyāyaṃ (यथान्यायं): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
yad (यद्): which; Neuter of yad: “which, what, that.” Relative stem ya-.
uktaṃ (उक्तं): said; Past participle of vac: said.
paramaṃ (परमं): highest; Superlative of para, “beyond, further.” The furthest, the highest.
padam (पदम्): The core matches the root pad, “to go, to fall.”

मैत्रेय कारणं प्रोक्तं साधनं सर्ववस्तुषु साध्यं च वस्त्व् अभिमतं यत् साधयितुम् आत्मनः

maitreya kāraṇaṃ proktaṃ sādhanaṃ sarvavastuṣu sādhyaṃ ca vastv abhimataṃ yat sādhayitum ātmanaḥ

[1.22.42] the causing spoken forth and thought which the self

Word make-up

maitreya (मैत्रेय): maitreya is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
kāraṇaṃ (कारणं): the causing; From kṛ: the causing; a cause as that which makes.
proktaṃ (प्रोक्तं): spoken forth; pra-vac, “to speak forth.” Spoken forth; he has said forth.
sādhanaṃ (साधनं): The core matches the root han, “to strike.”
sarvavastuṣu (सर्ववस्तुषु): The core matches the root vas, “to dwell.”
sādhyaṃ (साध्यं): sādhyaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
vastv (वस्त्व्): The core matches the root vas, “to dwell.”
abhimataṃ (अभिमतं): thought; abhi- (“toward, over, against”) joined to mataṃ. Past participle of man, “to think.” Thought; a held view; “is thought.” Together the form means abhi + that sense.
yat (यत्): which; Neuter of yad: “which, what, that.” Relative stem ya-.
sādhayitum (साधयितुम्): sādhayitum is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ātmanaḥ (आत्मनः): the self; ātman is the self. Related to an, “to breathe”: the breathing one, the inner self of a living being. Not a ghost-soul added from outside; it is the self.

योगिनो मुक्तिकामस्य प्राणायामादि साधनम् साध्यं च परमं ब्रह्म पुनर् नावर्तते यतः

yogino muktikāmasya prāṇāyāmādi sādhanam sādhyaṃ ca paramaṃ brahma punar nāvartate yataḥ

[1.22.43] one who is yoked and highest that-which-is-vast (brahman) again which

Word make-up

yogino (योगिनो): one who is yoked; Inflected from yogin. From yoga (yuj, “to yoke”) + -in “possessing.” One who is yoked; one who has the yoking.
muktikāmasya (मुक्तिकामस्य): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
prāṇāyāmādi (प्राणायामादि): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
sādhanam (साधनम्): The core matches the root nam, “to bow.”
sādhyaṃ (साध्यं): sādhyaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
paramaṃ (परमं): highest; Superlative of para, “beyond, further.” The furthest, the highest.
brahma (ब्रह्म): that-which-is-vast (brahman); Neuter of brahman, from bṛh, “to grow, to swell, to be vast.” It names that which is vast — an entity, not a person. The creator god is a different word, Brahmā (masculine). A brāhmaṇa is a person of that class.
punar (पुनर्): again; Adverb: “again, back.”
nāvartate (नावर्तते): nāvartate is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
yataḥ (यतः): which; Inflected from yat. Neuter of yad: “which, what, that.” Relative stem ya-.

साधनालम्बनं ज्ञानं मुक्तये योगिनां हि यत् स भेदः प्रथमस् तस्य ज्ञानभूतस्य वै मुने

sādhanālambanaṃ jñānaṃ muktaye yogināṃ hi yat sa bhedaḥ prathamas tasya jñānabhūtasya vai mune

[1.22.44] knowing of the yoked for which he of that indeed

Word make-up

sādhanālambanaṃ (साधनालम्बनं): The core matches the root han, “to strike.”
jñānaṃ (ज्ञानं): knowing; From jñā, “to know.” Knowing; the known-as-knowledge. Not a mystic glow: the act and fruit of knowing.
muktaye (मुक्तये): muktaye is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
yogināṃ (योगिनां): of the yoked; Genitive plural of yogin (yuj, “to yoke”): of those who are yoked.
hi (हि): for; Particle: “for, because, indeed” — marks a reason or emphasis.
yat (यत्): which; Neuter of yad: “which, what, that.” Relative stem ya-.
sa (स): he; Nominative singular masculine of tad: “he, that one.”
bhedaḥ (भेदः): bhedaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
prathamas (प्रथमस्): The core matches the root as, “to be.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + thamas.
tasya (तस्य): of that; Genitive of tad: “of that, his.”
jñānabhūtasya (ज्ञानभूतस्य): The core matches the root jñā, “to know.”
vai (वै): indeed; Particle of emphasis: “indeed.”
mune (मुने): mune is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

युञ्जतः क्लेशमुक्त्यर्थं साध्यं यद् ब्रह्मयोगिनः तदालम्बनविज्ञानं द्वितीयो ऽंशो महामुने

yuñjataḥ kleśamuktyarthaṃ sādhyaṃ yad brahmayoginaḥ tadālambanavijñānaṃ dvitīyo 'ṃśo mahāmune

[1.22.45] which

Word make-up

yuñjataḥ (युञ्जतः): yuñjataḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
kleśamuktyarthaṃ (क्लेशमुक्त्यर्थं): The core matches the root śam, “to be calm.”
sādhyaṃ (साध्यं): sādhyaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
yad (यद्): which; Neuter of yad: “which, what, that.” Relative stem ya-.
brahmayoginaḥ (ब्रह्मयोगिनः): brahmayoginaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tadālambanavijñānaṃ (तदालम्बनविज्ञानं): The core matches the root jñā, “to know.”
dvitīyo (द्वितीयो): dvitīyo is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
'ṃśo (ऽंशो): 'ṃśo is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
mahāmune (महामुने): mahāmune is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

उभयोस् त्व् अविभागेन साध्यसाधनयोर् हि यत् विज्ञानम् अद्वैतमयं तद्भागो ऽन्यो मयोदितः

ubhayos tv avibhāgena sādhyasādhanayor hi yat vijñānam advaitamayaṃ tadbhāgo 'nyo mayoditaḥ

[1.22.46] of both a- (“not”) + vibhāgena for which discerning-knowing a- (“not”) + dvaitamayaṃ

Word make-up

ubhayos (उभयोस्): of both; Genitive/locative dual of ubha: of both.
tv (त्व्): tv is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
avibhāgena (अविभागेन): a- (“not”) + vibhāgena; a- (“not”) + vibhāgena.
sādhyasādhanayor (साध्यसाधनयोर्): The core matches the root han, “to strike.”
hi (हि): for; Particle: “for, because, indeed” — marks a reason or emphasis.
yat (यत्): which; Neuter of yad: “which, what, that.” Relative stem ya-.
vijñānam (विज्ञानम्): discerning-knowing; vi- (“apart, asunder”) + jñāna (jñā, “to know”). Discerning knowing: knowing that sorts things apart.
advaitamayaṃ (अद्वैतमयं): a- (“not”) + dvaitamayaṃ; a- (“not”) + dvaitamayaṃ.
tadbhāgo (तद्भागो): tadbhāgo is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
'nyo (ऽन्यो): 'nyo is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
mayoditaḥ (मयोदितः): mayoditaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

ज्ञानत्रयस्य चैतस्य विशेषो यो महामुने तन् निराकरणद्वारदर्शितात्मस्वरूपवत्

jñānatrayasya caitasya viśeṣo yo mahāmune tan nirākaraṇadvāradarśitātmasvarūpavat

[1.22.47]

Word make-up

jñānatrayasya (ज्ञानत्रयस्य): The core matches the root jñā, “to know.”
caitasya (चैतस्य): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
viśeṣo (विशेषो): The core matches the root viś, “to enter.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + śeṣo.
yo (यो): yo is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
mahāmune (महामुने): mahāmune is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tan (तन्): The core matches the root tan, “to stretch.”
nirākaraṇadvāradarśitātmasvarūpavat (निराकरणद्वारदर्शितात्मस्वरूपवत्): The core matches the root as, “to be.” nir- (“out, without”) + ākaraṇadvāradarśitātmasvarūpavat.

निर्व्यापारम् अनाख्येयं व्याप्तिमात्रम् अनौपमम् आत्मसंबोधविषयं सत्तामात्रम् अलक्षणम्

nirvyāpāram anākhyeyaṃ vyāptimātram anaupamam ātmasaṃbodhaviṣayaṃ sattāmātram alakṣaṇam

[1.22.48] a- (“not”) + lakṣaṇam

Word make-up

nirvyāpāram (निर्व्यापारम्): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.” nir- (“out, without”) + vyāpāram.
anākhyeyaṃ (अनाख्येयं): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.” a- (“not”) + nākhyeyaṃ.
vyāptimātram (व्याप्तिमात्रम्): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
anaupamam (अनौपमम्): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.” a- (“not”) + naupamam.
ātmasaṃbodhaviṣayaṃ (आत्मसंबोधविषयं): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.” ā- (“unto, fully”) + tmasaṃbodhaviṣayaṃ.
sattāmātram (सत्तामात्रम्): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
alakṣaṇam (अलक्षणम्): a- (“not”) + lakṣaṇam; a- (“not”) + lakṣaṇam.

प्रशान्तम् अभयं शुद्धं दुर्विभाव्यम् असंश्रयम् विष्णोर् ज्ञानमयस्योक्तं तज् ज्ञानं परमं पदम्

praśāntam abhayaṃ śuddhaṃ durvibhāvyam asaṃśrayam viṣṇor jñānamayasyoktaṃ taj jñānaṃ paramaṃ padam

[1.22.49] pra- (“forth, forward”) + śāntam non-fear dur- (“ill, hard”) + vibhāvyam knowing highest

Word make-up

praśāntam (प्रशान्तम्): pra- (“forth, forward”) + śāntam; pra- (“forth, forward”) + śāntam.
abhayaṃ (अभयं): non-fear; a- (“not”) + bhaya (bhī, “to fear”). Non-fear.
śuddhaṃ (शुद्धं): śuddhaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
durvibhāvyam (दुर्विभाव्यम्): dur- (“ill, hard”) + vibhāvyam; dur- (“ill, hard”) + vibhāvyam.
asaṃśrayam (असंश्रयम्): The core matches the root as, “to be.” a- (“not”) + saṃśrayam.
viṣṇor (विष्णोर्): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + ṣṇor.
jñānamayasyoktaṃ (ज्ञानमयस्योक्तं): The core matches the root nam, “to bow.”
taj (तज्): taj is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
jñānaṃ (ज्ञानं): knowing; From jñā, “to know.” Knowing; the known-as-knowledge. Not a mystic glow: the act and fruit of knowing.
paramaṃ (परमं): highest; Superlative of para, “beyond, further.” The furthest, the highest.
padam (पदम्): The core matches the root pad, “to go, to fall.”

तत्राज्ञाननिरोधेन योगिनो यान्ति ये लयम् संसारकर्षणोप्तौ ते यान्ति निर्बीजतां द्विज

tatrājñānanirodhena yogino yānti ye layam saṃsārakarṣaṇoptau te yānti nirbījatāṃ dvija

[1.22.50] one who is yoked going who saṃ- (“together”) + sārakarṣaṇoptau you going nir- (“out, without”) + bījatāṃ twice-born

Word make-up

tatrājñānanirodhena (तत्राज्ञाननिरोधेन): The core matches the root rāj, “to shine, to rule.”
yogino (योगिनो): one who is yoked; Inflected from yogin. From yoga (yuj, “to yoke”) + -in “possessing.” One who is yoked; one who has the yoking.
yānti (यान्ति): going; From gam / yā, “to go.” Goes; they go; having gone; gone; he goes.
ye (ये): who; Nominative plural of yad: “who, which.” Relative stem ya-.
layam (लयम्): layam is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
saṃsārakarṣaṇoptau (संसारकर्षणोप्तौ): saṃ- (“together”) + sārakarṣaṇoptau; saṃ- (“together”) + sārakarṣaṇoptau.
te (ते): you; Enclitic of yuṣmad (“your / to you”) or nominative plural of tad (“they”). Sense follows the verse.
yānti (यान्ति): going; From gam / yā, “to go.” Goes; they go; having gone; gone; he goes.
nirbījatāṃ (निर्बीजतां): nir- (“out, without”) + bījatāṃ; nir- (“out, without”) + bījatāṃ.
dvija (द्विज): twice-born; dvi-ja “twice-born.” dvija-uttama: upmost of the twice-born.

एवंप्रकारम् अमलं नित्यं व्यापकम् अक्षयम् समस्तहेयरहितं विष्ण्वाख्यं परमं पदम्

evaṃprakāram amalaṃ nityaṃ vyāpakam akṣayam samastaheyarahitaṃ viṣṇvākhyaṃ paramaṃ padam

[1.22.51] a- (“not”) + malaṃ continual a- (“not”) + kṣayam highest

Word make-up

evaṃprakāram (एवंप्रकारम्): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
amalaṃ (अमलं): a- (“not”) + malaṃ; a- (“not”) + malaṃ.
nityaṃ (नित्यं): continual; From ni- (“in, own”) + tya: what is in-dwelling, continual, one’s own as constant. Continually-there; not a calendar “eternal.”
vyāpakam (व्यापकम्): The core matches the root kam, “to desire.”
akṣayam (अक्षयम्): a- (“not”) + kṣayam; a- (“not”) + kṣayam.
samastaheyarahitaṃ (समस्तहेयरहितं): The core matches the root as, “to be.” sam- (“together”) + astaheyarahitaṃ.
viṣṇvākhyaṃ (विष्ण्वाख्यं): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + ṣṇvākhyaṃ.
paramaṃ (परमं): highest; Superlative of para, “beyond, further.” The furthest, the highest.
padam (पदम्): The core matches the root pad, “to go, to fall.”

तद् ब्रह्म परमं योगी यतो नावर्तते पुनः अपुण्यपुण्योपरमे क्षीणक्लेशो ऽतिनिर्मलः

tad brahma paramaṃ yogī yato nāvartate punaḥ apuṇyapuṇyoparame kṣīṇakleśo 'tinirmalaḥ

[1.22.52] that that-which-is-vast (brahman) highest one who is yoked which again

Word make-up

tad (तद्): that; Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
brahma (ब्रह्म): that-which-is-vast (brahman); Neuter of brahman, from bṛh, “to grow, to swell, to be vast.” It names that which is vast — an entity, not a person. The creator god is a different word, Brahmā (masculine). A brāhmaṇa is a person of that class.
paramaṃ (परमं): highest; Superlative of para, “beyond, further.” The furthest, the highest.
yogī (योगी): one who is yoked; From yoga (yuj, “to yoke”) + -in “possessing.” One who is yoked; one who has the yoking.
yato (यतो): which; Inflected from yat. Neuter of yad: “which, what, that.” Relative stem ya-.
nāvartate (नावर्तते): nāvartate is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
punaḥ (पुनः): again; Adverb: “again, back.”
apuṇyapuṇyoparame (अपुण्यपुण्योपरमे): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.” a- (“not”) + puṇyapuṇyoparame.
kṣīṇakleśo (क्षीणक्लेशो): kṣīṇakleśo is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
'tinirmalaḥ (ऽतिनिर्मलः): 'tinirmalaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

द्वे रूपे ब्रह्मणस् तस्य मूर्तं चामूर्तम् एव च क्षराक्षरस्वरूपे ते सर्वभूतेषु च स्थिते

dve rūpe brahmaṇas tasya mūrtaṃ cāmūrtam eva ca kṣarākṣarasvarūpe te sarvabhūteṣu ca sthite

[1.22.53] two form that-which-is-vast (brahman) of that just and you and standing

Word make-up

dve (द्वे): two; dvi: two. Dual forms “these two.”
rūpe (रूपे): form; Inflected from rūpa. rūpa: form, outward shape (what is seen). Not “beauty” first.
brahmaṇas (ब्रह्मणस्): that-which-is-vast (brahman); Neuter of brahman, from bṛh, “to grow, to swell, to be vast.” It names that which is vast — an entity, not a person. The creator god is a different word, Brahmā (masculine). A brāhmaṇa is a person of that class.
tasya (तस्य): of that; Genitive of tad: “of that, his.”
mūrtaṃ (मूर्तं): mūrtaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
cāmūrtam (चामूर्तम्): cāmūrtam is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
eva (एव): just; Particle of restriction or emphasis: “only, just, indeed.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
kṣarākṣarasvarūpe (क्षराक्षरस्वरूपे): The core matches the root kṣar, “to flow, to waste away, to perish.”
te (ते): you; Enclitic of yuṣmad (“your / to you”) or nominative plural of tad (“they”). Sense follows the verse.
sarvabhūteṣu (सर्वभूतेषु): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
sthite (स्थिते): standing; Inflected from sthita. From sthā, “to stand.” Standing-place; stood; having stood; stands.

अक्षरं तत् परं ब्रह्म क्षरं सर्वम् इदं जगत् एकदेशस्थितस्येन्दोर् ज्योत्स्ना विस्तारिणी यथा परस्य ब्रह्मणः शक्तिस् तथैतद् अखिलं जगत्

akṣaraṃ tat paraṃ brahma kṣaraṃ sarvam idaṃ jagat ekadeśasthitasyendor jyotsnā vistāriṇī yathā parasya brahmaṇaḥ śaktis tathaitad akhilaṃ jagat

[1.22.54] that which does not perish that beyond that-which-is-vast (brahman) that which wastes away all this the moving world vi- (“apart, asunder”) + stāriṇī as beyond that-which-is-vast (brahman) a- (“not”) + khilaṃ the moving world

Word make-up

akṣaraṃ (अक्षरं): that which does not perish; a- (“not”) + kṣara (“that which wastes away”). The verb kṣarati means “it flows, it decays, it perishes.” So akṣara is that which does not perish: imperishable, indestructible.
tat (तत्): that; Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
paraṃ (परं): beyond; para: beyond, further, other. As a neuter noun often “what is beyond.”
brahma (ब्रह्म): that-which-is-vast (brahman); Neuter of brahman, from bṛh, “to grow, to swell, to be vast.” It names that which is vast — an entity, not a person. The creator god is a different word, Brahmā (masculine). A brāhmaṇa is a person of that class.
kṣaraṃ (क्षरं): that which wastes away; From kṣar, “to flow, to waste away, to perish.” That which wastes away.
sarvam (सर्वम्): all; sarva: whole, all. The entire, not a leftover.
idaṃ (इदं): this; Neuter of idam: “this” (near).
jagat (जगत्): the moving world; From gam, “to go” (intensive): that which keeps going, the moving world.
ekadeśasthitasyendor (एकदेशस्थितस्येन्दोर्): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
jyotsnā (ज्योत्स्ना): jyotsnā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
vistāriṇī (विस्तारिणी): vi- (“apart, asunder”) + stāriṇī; vi- (“apart, asunder”) + stāriṇī.
yathā (यथा): as; ya- + thā: “in which way, as.”
parasya (परस्य): beyond; para: beyond, further, other. As a neuter noun often “what is beyond.”
brahmaṇaḥ (ब्रह्मणः): that-which-is-vast (brahman); Neuter of brahman, from bṛh, “to grow, to swell, to be vast.” It names that which is vast — an entity, not a person. The creator god is a different word, Brahmā (masculine). A brāhmaṇa is a person of that class.
śaktis (शक्तिस्): The core matches the root śak, “to be able.”
tathaitad (तथैतद्): tathaitad is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
akhilaṃ (अखिलं): a- (“not”) + khilaṃ; a- (“not”) + khilaṃ.
jagat (जगत्): the moving world; From gam, “to go” (intensive): that which keeps going, the moving world.

तत्राप्य् आसन्नदूरत्वाद् बहुत्वस्वल्पतामयः ज्योत्स्नाभेदो ऽस्ति तच्छक्तेस् तद्वन् मैत्रेय विद्यते

tatrāpy āsannadūratvād bahutvasvalpatāmayaḥ jyotsnābhedo 'sti tacchaktes tadvan maitreya vidyate

[1.22.55] know

Word make-up

tatrāpy (तत्राप्य्): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.”
āsannadūratvād (आसन्नदूरत्वाद्): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.” ā- (“unto, fully”) + sannadūratvād.
bahutvasvalpatāmayaḥ (बहुत्वस्वल्पतामयः): The core matches the root vas, “to dwell.”
jyotsnābhedo (ज्योत्स्नाभेदो): jyotsnābhedo is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
'sti (ऽस्ति): 'sti is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tacchaktes (तच्छक्तेस्): tacchaktes is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tadvan (तद्वन्): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
maitreya (मैत्रेय): maitreya is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
vidyate (विद्यते): know; From vid, “to know” (vetti, viduḥ, viddhi) or “to be found” (vidyate). Knows; they know; is found; know!

ब्रह्मविष्णुशिवा ब्रह्मन् प्रधाना ब्रह्मशक्तयः ततश् च देवा मैत्रेय न्यूना दक्षादयस् ततः

brahmaviṣṇuśivā brahman pradhānā brahmaśaktayaḥ tataś ca devā maitreya nyūnā dakṣādayas tataḥ

[1.22.56] that-which-is-vast (brahman) and shining one then

Word make-up

brahmaviṣṇuśivā (ब्रह्मविष्णुशिवा): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.”
brahman (ब्रह्मन्): that-which-is-vast (brahman); Neuter of brahman, from bṛh, “to grow, to swell, to be vast.” It names that which is vast — an entity, not a person. The creator god is a different word, Brahmā (masculine). A brāhmaṇa is a person of that class.
pradhānā (प्रधाना): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + dhānā.
brahmaśaktayaḥ (ब्रह्मशक्तयः): The core matches the root śak, “to be able.”
tataś (ततश्): tataś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
devā (देवा): shining one; From div, “to shine.” A shining one; a god as a shining being, not a generic “God.”
maitreya (मैत्रेय): maitreya is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
nyūnā (न्यूना): nyūnā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
dakṣādayas (दक्षादयस्): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
tataḥ (ततः): then; From tad + tas: “from that, then.”

ततो मनुष्याः पशवो मृगपक्षिसरीसृपाः न्यूना न्यूनतराश् चैव वृक्षगुल्मादयस् ततः

tato manuṣyāḥ paśavo mṛgapakṣisarīsṛpāḥ nyūnā nyūnatarāś caiva vṛkṣagulmādayas tataḥ

[1.22.57] that then

Word make-up

tato (ततो): that; Inflected from tat. Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
manuṣyāḥ (मनुष्याः): The core matches the root man, “to think.”
paśavo (पशवो): paśavo is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
mṛgapakṣisarīsṛpāḥ (मृगपक्षिसरीसृपाः): The core matches the root kṣi, “to dwell / to destroy.”
nyūnā (न्यूना): nyūnā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
nyūnatarāś (न्यूनतराश्): nyūnatarāś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
caiva (चैव): caiva is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
vṛkṣagulmādayas (वृक्षगुल्मादयस्): The core matches the root vṛ, “to cover / to choose.”
tataḥ (ततः): then; From tad + tas: “from that, then.”

तद् एतद् अक्षयं नित्यं जगन् मुनिवराखिलम् आविर्भावतिरोभावजन्मनाशविकल्पवत्

tad etad akṣayaṃ nityaṃ jagan munivarākhilam āvirbhāvatirobhāvajanmanāśavikalpavat

[1.22.58] that this a- (“not”) + kṣayaṃ continual

Word make-up

tad (तद्): that; Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
etad (एतद्): this; Neuter of etad: “this here.” e- + tad.
akṣayaṃ (अक्षयं): a- (“not”) + kṣayaṃ; a- (“not”) + kṣayaṃ.
nityaṃ (नित्यं): continual; From ni- (“in, own”) + tya: what is in-dwelling, continual, one’s own as constant. Continually-there; not a calendar “eternal.”
jagan (जगन्): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
munivarākhilam (मुनिवराखिलम्): munivarākhilam is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
āvirbhāvatirobhāvajanmanāśavikalpavat (आविर्भावतिरोभावजन्मनाशविकल्पवत्): The core matches the root man, “to think.” ā- (“unto, fully”) + virbhāvatirobhāvajanmanāśavikalpavat.

सर्वशक्तिमयो विष्णुः स्वरूपं ब्रह्मणो ऽपरम् मूर्तं यद् योगिभिः पूर्वं योगारम्भेषु चिन्त्यते

sarvaśaktimayo viṣṇuḥ svarūpaṃ brahmaṇo 'param mūrtaṃ yad yogibhiḥ pūrvaṃ yogārambheṣu cintyate

[1.22.59] The pervading one that-which-is-vast (brahman) which one who is yoked

Word make-up

sarvaśaktimayo (सर्वशक्तिमयो): The core matches the root śak, “to be able.”
viṣṇuḥ (विष्णुः): The pervading one; From viṣ, “to be active, to pervade.” The pervading one.
svarūpaṃ (स्वरूपं): svarūpaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
brahmaṇo (ब्रह्मणो): that-which-is-vast (brahman); Inflected from brahmaṇa. Neuter of brahman, from bṛh, “to grow, to swell, to be vast.” It names that which is vast — an entity, not a person. The creator god is a different word, Brahmā (masculine). A brāhmaṇa is a person of that class.
'param (ऽपरम्): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
mūrtaṃ (मूर्तं): mūrtaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
yad (यद्): which; Neuter of yad: “which, what, that.” Relative stem ya-.
yogibhiḥ (योगिभिः): one who is yoked; Inflected from yogi. From yoga (yuj, “to yoke”) + -in “possessing.” One who is yoked; one who has the yoking.
pūrvaṃ (पूर्वं): The core matches the root pū, “to purify.”
yogārambheṣu (योगारम्भेषु): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
cintyate (चिन्त्यते): The core matches the root cint, “to think.”

सालम्बनो महायोगः सबीजो यत्र संस्थितः मनस्य् अव्याहते सम्यग् युञ्जतां जायते मुने

sālambano mahāyogaḥ sabījo yatra saṃsthitaḥ manasy avyāhate samyag yuñjatāṃ jāyate mune

[1.22.60] where standing sam- (“together”) + yag is born

Word make-up

sālambano (सालम्बनो): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
mahāyogaḥ (महायोगः): mahāyogaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sabījo (सबीजो): sabījo is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
yatra (यत्र): where; ya- + tra: “in which place, where.”
saṃsthitaḥ (संस्थितः): standing; saṃ- (“together”) joined to sthitaḥ. From sthā, “to stand.” Standing-place; stood; having stood; stands. Together the form means saṃ + that sense.
manasy (मनस्य्): The core matches the root man, “to think.”
avyāhate (अव्याहते): The core matches the root yā, “to go.” a- (“not”) + vyāhate.
samyag (सम्यग्): sam- (“together”) + yag; sam- (“together”) + yag.
yuñjatāṃ (युञ्जतां): yuñjatāṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
jāyate (जायते): is born; From jan, “to be born.” Is born; born.
mune (मुने): mune is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

स परः सर्वशक्तीनां ब्रह्मणः समनन्तरः मूर्तं ब्रह्म महाभाग सर्वब्रह्ममयो हरिः

sa paraḥ sarvaśaktīnāṃ brahmaṇaḥ samanantaraḥ mūrtaṃ brahma mahābhāga sarvabrahmamayo hariḥ

[1.22.61] he beyond that-which-is-vast (brahman) that-which-is-vast (brahman)

Word make-up

sa (स): he; Nominative singular masculine of tad: “he, that one.”
paraḥ (परः): beyond; para: beyond, further, other. As a neuter noun often “what is beyond.”
sarvaśaktīnāṃ (सर्वशक्तीनां): The core matches the root śak, “to be able.”
brahmaṇaḥ (ब्रह्मणः): that-which-is-vast (brahman); Neuter of brahman, from bṛh, “to grow, to swell, to be vast.” It names that which is vast — an entity, not a person. The creator god is a different word, Brahmā (masculine). A brāhmaṇa is a person of that class.
samanantaraḥ (समनन्तरः): The core matches the root man, “to think.” sam- (“together”) + anantaraḥ.
mūrtaṃ (मूर्तं): mūrtaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
brahma (ब्रह्म): that-which-is-vast (brahman); Neuter of brahman, from bṛh, “to grow, to swell, to be vast.” It names that which is vast — an entity, not a person. The creator god is a different word, Brahmā (masculine). A brāhmaṇa is a person of that class.
mahābhāga (महाभाग): mahābhāga is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sarvabrahmamayo (सर्वब्रह्ममयो): sarvabrahmamayo is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
hariḥ (हरिः): hariḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

तत्र सर्वम् इदं प्रोतम् ओतं चैवाखिलं जगत् ततो जगज् जगत् तस्मिन् स जगच् चाखिलं मुने

tatra sarvam idaṃ protam otaṃ caivākhilaṃ jagat tato jagaj jagat tasmin sa jagac cākhilaṃ mune

[1.22.62] there all this the moving world that the moving world in that he

Word make-up

tatra (तत्र): there; ta- + tra: “in that place, there.”
sarvam (सर्वम्): all; sarva: whole, all. The entire, not a leftover.
idaṃ (इदं): this; Neuter of idam: “this” (near).
protam (प्रोतम्): protam is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
otaṃ (ओतं): otaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
caivākhilaṃ (चैवाखिलं): caivākhilaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
jagat (जगत्): the moving world; From gam, “to go” (intensive): that which keeps going, the moving world.
tato (ततो): that; Inflected from tat. Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
jagaj (जगज्): jagaj is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
jagat (जगत्): the moving world; From gam, “to go” (intensive): that which keeps going, the moving world.
tasmin (तस्मिन्): in that; Locative of tad: “in that.”
sa (स): he; Nominative singular masculine of tad: “he, that one.”
jagac (जगच्): jagac is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
cākhilaṃ (चाखिलं): cākhilaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
mune (मुने): mune is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

क्षराक्षरमयो विष्णुर् बिभर्त्य् अखिलम् ईश्वरः पुरुषाव्याकृतमयं भूषणास्त्रस्वरूपवत्

kṣarākṣaramayo viṣṇur bibharty akhilam īśvaraḥ puruṣāvyākṛtamayaṃ bhūṣaṇāstrasvarūpavat

[1.22.63] a- (“not”) + khilam the capable ruler

Word make-up

kṣarākṣaramayo (क्षराक्षरमयो): The core matches the root kṣar, “to flow, to waste away, to perish.”
viṣṇur (विष्णुर्): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + ṣṇur.
bibharty (बिभर्त्य्): bibharty is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
akhilam (अखिलम्): a- (“not”) + khilam; a- (“not”) + khilam.
īśvaraḥ (ईश्वरः): the capable ruler; From īś, “to own, to be able, to rule” + vara (“choice, capable”). The capable ruler; the owner.
puruṣāvyākṛtamayaṃ (पुरुषाव्याकृतमयं): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
bhūṣaṇāstrasvarūpavat (भूषणास्त्रस्वरूपवत्): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”

भूषणास्त्रस्वरूपस्थं यद् एतद् अखिलं जगत् बिभर्ति भगवान् विष्णुस् तन् ममाख्यातुम् अर्हसि

bhūṣaṇāstrasvarūpasthaṃ yad etad akhilaṃ jagat bibharti bhagavān viṣṇus tan mamākhyātum arhasi

[1.22.64] which this a- (“not”) + khilaṃ the moving world bearing the Lord The pervading one you ought

Word make-up

bhūṣaṇāstrasvarūpasthaṃ (भूषणास्त्रस्वरूपस्थं): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
yad (यद्): which; Neuter of yad: “which, what, that.” Relative stem ya-.
etad (एतद्): this; Neuter of etad: “this here.” e- + tad.
akhilaṃ (अखिलं): a- (“not”) + khilaṃ; a- (“not”) + khilaṃ.
jagat (जगत्): the moving world; From gam, “to go” (intensive): that which keeps going, the moving world.
bibharti (बिभर्ति): bearing; From bhṛ, “to bear, to hold.” Bearing; those who bear.
bhagavān (भगवान्): the Lord; bhaga (“share, portion, majesty,” from bhaj “to share”) + -vant “possessing.” One who has the share of majesty. The Lord as the one possessed of majesty, not a first name.
viṣṇus (विष्णुस्): The pervading one; From viṣ, “to be active, to pervade.” The pervading one.
tan (तन्): The core matches the root tan, “to stretch.”
mamākhyātum (ममाख्यातुम्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
arhasi (अर्हसि): you ought; From arh, “to be worth, to be able, to ought.” You are able / you ought.

नमस् कृत्वाप्रमेयाय विष्णवे प्रभविष्णवे कथयामि यथाख्यातं वसिष्ठेन ममाभवत्

namas kṛtvāprameyāya viṣṇave prabhaviṣṇave kathayāmi yathākhyātaṃ vasiṣṭhena mamābhavat

[1.22.65] a bow, salutation A seer

Word make-up

namas (नमस्): a bow, salutation; From nam, “to bow.” A bow, salutation.
kṛtvāprameyāya (कृत्वाप्रमेयाय): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
viṣṇave (विष्णवे): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + ṣṇave.
prabhaviṣṇave (प्रभविष्णवे): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + bhaviṣṇave.
kathayāmi (कथयामि): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
yathākhyātaṃ (यथाख्यातं): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
vasiṣṭhena (वसिष्ठेन): A seer; Inflected from vasiṣṭha. vasiṣṭha: most excellent (superlative of vasu). A seer.
mamābhavat (ममाभवत्): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”

आत्मानम् अस्य जगतो निर्लेपम् अगुणामलम् बिभर्ति कौस्तुभमणिस्वरूपं भगवान् हरिः

ātmānam asya jagato nirlepam aguṇāmalam bibharti kaustubhamaṇisvarūpaṃ bhagavān hariḥ

[1.22.66] the self of this the moving world nir- (“out, without”) + lepam a- (“not”) + guṇāmalam bearing the Lord

Word make-up

ātmānam (आत्मानम्): the self; ātman is the self. Related to an, “to breathe”: the breathing one, the inner self of a living being. Not a ghost-soul added from outside; it is the self.
asya (अस्य): of this; Genitive of idam: “of this.”
jagato (जगतो): the moving world; Inflected from jagat. From gam, “to go” (intensive): that which keeps going, the moving world.
nirlepam (निर्लेपम्): nir- (“out, without”) + lepam; nir- (“out, without”) + lepam.
aguṇāmalam (अगुणामलम्): a- (“not”) + guṇāmalam; a- (“not”) + guṇāmalam.
bibharti (बिभर्ति): bearing; From bhṛ, “to bear, to hold.” Bearing; those who bear.
kaustubhamaṇisvarūpaṃ (कौस्तुभमणिस्वरूपं): kaustubhamaṇisvarūpaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
bhagavān (भगवान्): the Lord; bhaga (“share, portion, majesty,” from bhaj “to share”) + -vant “possessing.” One who has the share of majesty. The Lord as the one possessed of majesty, not a first name.
hariḥ (हरिः): hariḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

अस्य जगत आत्मानं पुरुषं शुद्धं क्षत्रज्ञम्

asya jagata ātmānaṃ puruṣaṃ śuddhaṃ kṣatrajñam

[1.22.66.65] of this the moving world the self the Person

Word make-up

asya (अस्य): of this; Genitive of idam: “of this.”
jagata (जगत): the moving world; From gam, “to go” (intensive): that which keeps going, the moving world.
ātmānaṃ (आत्मानं): the self; ātman is the self. Related to an, “to breathe”: the breathing one, the inner self of a living being. Not a ghost-soul added from outside; it is the self.
puruṣaṃ (पुरुषं): the Person; Often analysed as pūr “filling” or pur “citadel” + śī “to lie”: the one who lies in the stronghold (the body). The Person, as against prakṛti the making-forth.
śuddhaṃ (शुद्धं): śuddhaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
kṣatrajñam (क्षत्रज्ञम्): kṣatrajñam is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

श्रीवत्ससंस्थानधरम् अनन्ते च समाश्रितम् प्रधानं बुद्धिर् अप्य् आस्ते गदारूपेण माधवे

śrīvatsasaṃsthānadharam anante ca samāśritam pradhānaṃ buddhir apy āste gadārūpeṇa mādhave

[1.22.67] without end and mādhave

Word make-up

śrīvatsasaṃsthānadharam (श्रीवत्ससंस्थानधरम्): The core matches the root sthā, “to stand.”
anante (अनन्ते): without end; Inflected from ananta. a- + anta: without end.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
samāśritam (समाश्रितम्): The core matches the root śri, “to lean.” sam- (“together”) + āśritam.
pradhānaṃ (प्रधानं): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + dhānaṃ.
buddhir (बुद्धिर्): buddhir is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
apy (अप्य्): apy is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
āste (आस्ते): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.” ā- (“unto, fully”) + ste.
gadārūpeṇa (गदारूपेण): The core matches the root dā, “to give.”
mādhave (माधवे): A name of Kṛṣṇa; Inflected from mādhava. Descendant of Madhu (the Yadu line); or mā (Lakṣmī) + dhava (“man, husband”). A name of Kṛṣṇa.

भूतादिम् इन्द्रियादिं च द्विधाहंकारम् ईश्वरः बिभर्ति शङ्खरूपेण शार्ङ्गरूपेण च स्थितम्

bhūtādim indriyādiṃ ca dvidhāhaṃkāram īśvaraḥ bibharti śaṅkharūpeṇa śārṅgarūpeṇa ca sthitam

[1.22.68] and the capable ruler bearing and standing

Word make-up

bhūtādim (भूतादिम्): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
indriyādiṃ (इन्द्रियादिं): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
dvidhāhaṃkāram (द्विधाहंकारम्): The core matches the root vid, “to know / to find.”
īśvaraḥ (ईश्वरः): the capable ruler; From īś, “to own, to be able, to rule” + vara (“choice, capable”). The capable ruler; the owner.
bibharti (बिभर्ति): bearing; From bhṛ, “to bear, to hold.” Bearing; those who bear.
śaṅkharūpeṇa (शङ्खरूपेण): śaṅkharūpeṇa is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
śārṅgarūpeṇa (शार्ङ्गरूपेण): śārṅgarūpeṇa is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
sthitam (स्थितम्): standing; Inflected from sthita. From sthā, “to stand.” Standing-place; stood; having stood; stands.

चलत्स्वरूपम् अत्यन्तं जवेनान्तरितानिलम् चक्रस्वरूपं च मनो धत्ते विष्णुकरे स्थितम्

calatsvarūpam atyantaṃ javenāntaritānilam cakrasvarūpaṃ ca mano dhatte viṣṇukare sthitam

[1.22.69] and mind standing

Word make-up

calatsvarūpam (चलत्स्वरूपम्): The core matches the root cal, “to stir.”
atyantaṃ (अत्यन्तं): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.” a- (“not”) + tyantaṃ.
javenāntaritānilam (जवेनान्तरितानिलम्): javenāntaritānilam is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
cakrasvarūpaṃ (चक्रस्वरूपं): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
mano (मनो): mind; Inflected from mana. From man, “to think, to mind.” The thinking organ; mind as what thinks, not a ghost.
dhatte (धत्ते): dhatte is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
viṣṇukare (विष्णुकरे): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + ṣṇukare.
sthitam (स्थितम्): standing; Inflected from sthita. From sthā, “to stand.” Standing-place; stood; having stood; stands.

पञ्चरूपा तु या माला वैजयन्ती गदाभृतः सा भूतहेतुसंघाता भूतमाला च वै द्विज

pañcarūpā tu yā mālā vaijayantī gadābhṛtaḥ sā bhūtahetusaṃghātā bhūtamālā ca vai dvija

[1.22.70] but she and indeed twice-born

Word make-up

pañcarūpā (पञ्चरूपा): The core matches the root car, “to move.”
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
yā (या): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
mālā (माला): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
vaijayantī (वैजयन्ती): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
gadābhṛtaḥ (गदाभृतः): The core matches the root bhṛ, “to bear.”
sā (सा): she; Nominative feminine of tad: “she, that.”
bhūtahetusaṃghātā (भूतहेतुसंघाता): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
bhūtamālā (भूतमाला): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
vai (वै): indeed; Particle of emphasis: “indeed.”
dvija (द्विज): twice-born; dvi-ja “twice-born.” dvija-uttama: upmost of the twice-born.

यानीन्द्रियाण्य् अशेषाणि बुद्धिकर्मात्मकानि वै शररूपाण्य् अशेषाणि तानि धत्ते जनार्दनः

yānīndriyāṇy aśeṣāṇi buddhikarmātmakāni vai śararūpāṇy aśeṣāṇi tāni dhatte janārdanaḥ

[1.22.71] a- (“not”) + śeṣāṇi indeed a- (“not”) + śeṣāṇi them janārdanaḥ

Word make-up

yānīndriyāṇy (यानीन्द्रियाण्य्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
aśeṣāṇi (अशेषाणि): a- (“not”) + śeṣāṇi; a- (“not”) + śeṣāṇi.
buddhikarmātmakāni (बुद्धिकर्मात्मकानि): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
vai (वै): indeed; Particle of emphasis: “indeed.”
śararūpāṇy (शररूपाण्य्): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.”
aśeṣāṇi (अशेषाणि): a- (“not”) + śeṣāṇi; a- (“not”) + śeṣāṇi.
tāni (तानि): them; Inflected from tān. Accusative plural of tad: “them.”
dhatte (धत्ते): dhatte is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
janārdanaḥ (जनार्दनः): A name of Kṛṣṇa; jana (“people,” jan “to be born”) + ardana (ard, “to agitate, to distress”). Agitator of people; or destroyer of the wicked among men. A name of Kṛṣṇa.

बिभर्ति यच् चासिरत्नम् अच्युतो ऽत्यन्तनिर्मलम् विद्यामयं तु तज् ज्ञानम् अविद्याचर्मसंस्थितम्

bibharti yac cāsiratnam acyuto 'tyantanirmalam vidyāmayaṃ tu taj jñānam avidyācarmasaṃsthitam

[1.22.72] bearing acyuto but knowing

Word make-up

bibharti (बिभर्ति): bearing; From bhṛ, “to bear, to hold.” Bearing; those who bear.
yac (यच्): yac is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
cāsiratnam (चासिरत्नम्): The core matches the root nam, “to bow.”
acyuto (अच्युतो): Unfallen; he who does not fall away; Inflected from acyuta. a- (“not”) + cyuta (cyu, “to fall, to drop”). Unfallen; he who does not fall away.
'tyantanirmalam (ऽत्यन्तनिर्मलम्): The core matches the root tan, “to stretch.”
vidyāmayaṃ (विद्यामयं): The core matches the root vid, “to know / to find.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + dyāmayaṃ.
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
taj (तज्): taj is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
jñānam (ज्ञानम्): knowing; From jñā, “to know.” Knowing; the known-as-knowledge. Not a mystic glow: the act and fruit of knowing.
avidyācarmasaṃsthitam (अविद्याचर्मसंस्थितम्): The core matches the root vid, “to know / to find.” a- (“not”) + vidyācarmasaṃsthitam.

इत्थं पुमान् प्रधानं च बुद्ध्यहंकारम् एव च भूतानि च हृषीकेशे मनः सर्वेन्द्रियाणि च विद्याविद्ये च मैत्रेय सर्वम् एतत् समाश्रितम्

itthaṃ pumān pradhānaṃ ca buddhyahaṃkāram eva ca bhūtāni ca hṛṣīkeśe manaḥ sarvendriyāṇi ca vidyāvidye ca maitreya sarvam etat samāśritam

[1.22.73] and just and and hṛṣīkeśe mind and and all this

Word make-up

itthaṃ (इत्थं): itthaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
pumān (पुमान्): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
pradhānaṃ (प्रधानं): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + dhānaṃ.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
buddhyahaṃkāram (बुद्ध्यहंकारम्): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
eva (एव): just; Particle of restriction or emphasis: “only, just, indeed.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
bhūtāni (भूतानि): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
hṛṣīkeśe (हृषीकेशे): A name of Kṛṣṇa; Inflected from hṛṣīkeśa. hṛṣīka (“sense-power”) + īśa (“master”). Master of the sense-powers. A name of Kṛṣṇa.
manaḥ (मनः): mind; From man, “to think, to mind.” The thinking organ; mind as what thinks, not a ghost.
sarvendriyāṇi (सर्वेन्द्रियाणि): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
vidyāvidye (विद्याविद्ये): The core matches the root vid, “to know / to find.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + dyāvidye.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
maitreya (मैत्रेय): maitreya is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sarvam (सर्वम्): all; sarva: whole, all. The entire, not a leftover.
etat (एतत्): this; Neuter of etad: “this here.” e- + tad.
samāśritam (समाश्रितम्): The core matches the root śri, “to lean.” sam- (“together”) + āśritam.

अस्त्रभूषणसंस्थानस्वरूपं रूपवर्जितः बिभर्ति मायारूपो ऽसौ श्रेयसे प्राणिनां हरिः

astrabhūṣaṇasaṃsthānasvarūpaṃ rūpavarjitaḥ bibharti māyārūpo 'sau śreyase prāṇināṃ hariḥ

[1.22.74] bearing the better

Word make-up

astrabhūṣaṇasaṃsthānasvarūpaṃ (अस्त्रभूषणसंस्थानस्वरूपं): The core matches the root sthā, “to stand.” a- (“not”) + strabhūṣaṇasaṃsthānasvarūpaṃ.
rūpavarjitaḥ (रूपवर्जितः): The core matches the root ji, “to conquer.”
bibharti (बिभर्ति): bearing; From bhṛ, “to bear, to hold.” Bearing; those who bear.
māyārūpo (मायारूपो): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
'sau (ऽसौ): 'sau is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
śreyase (श्रेयसे): the better; Inflected from śreyas. Comparative of śrī / śrī- related “better, more splendid.” The better; what is more excellent.
prāṇināṃ (प्राणिनां): prāṇināṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
hariḥ (हरिः): hariḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

सविकारं प्रधानं च पुमांसं चाखिलं जगत् बिभर्ति पुण्डरीकाक्षस् तद् एवं परमेश्वरः

savikāraṃ pradhānaṃ ca pumāṃsaṃ cākhilaṃ jagat bibharti puṇḍarīkākṣas tad evaṃ parameśvaraḥ

[1.22.75] and the moving world bearing that just

Word make-up

savikāraṃ (सविकारं): savikāraṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
pradhānaṃ (प्रधानं): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + dhānaṃ.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
pumāṃsaṃ (पुमांसं): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
cākhilaṃ (चाखिलं): cākhilaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
jagat (जगत्): the moving world; From gam, “to go” (intensive): that which keeps going, the moving world.
bibharti (बिभर्ति): bearing; From bhṛ, “to bear, to hold.” Bearing; those who bear.
puṇḍarīkākṣas (पुण्डरीकाक्षस्): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
tad (तद्): that; Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
evaṃ (एवं): just; Inflected from eva. Particle of restriction or emphasis: “only, just, indeed.”
parameśvaraḥ (परमेश्वरः): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”

या विद्या या तथाविद्या यत् सद् यच् चासद् अव्यये तत् सर्वं सर्वभूतेशे मैत्रेय मधुसूदने

yā vidyā yā tathāvidyā yat sad yac cāsad avyaye tat sarvaṃ sarvabhūteśe maitreya madhusūdane

[1.22.76] knowing which not-going-apart that all madhusūdane

Word make-up

yā (या): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
vidyā (विद्या): knowing; From vid, “to know.” Knowing-as-a-discipline; knowledge that is found.
yā (या): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
tathāvidyā (तथाविद्या): The core matches the root vid, “to know / to find.”
yat (यत्): which; Neuter of yad: “which, what, that.” Relative stem ya-.
sad (सद्): The core matches the root sad, “to sit.”
yac (यच्): yac is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
cāsad (चासद्): The core matches the root sad, “to sit.”
avyaye (अव्यये): not-going-apart; a- (“not”) + vyaya (vi-i, “to go apart, to spend”). Not going-apart; unexpended.
tat (तत्): that; Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
sarvaṃ (सर्वं): all; sarva: whole, all. The entire, not a leftover.
sarvabhūteśe (सर्वभूतेशे): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
maitreya (मैत्रेय): maitreya is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
madhusūdane (मधुसूदने): A name of Kṛṣṇa; Inflected from madhusūdana. Madhu (a demon’s name) + sūdana (sūd, “to kill”). Slayer of Madhu. A name of Kṛṣṇa.

कलाकाष्ठानिमेषादिदिनर्त्वयनहायनैः कालस्वरूपो भगवान् अपारो हरिर् अव्ययः

kalākāṣṭhānimeṣādidinartvayanahāyanaiḥ kālasvarūpo bhagavān apāro harir avyayaḥ

[1.22.77] the Lord not-going-apart

Word make-up

kalākāṣṭhānimeṣādidinartvayanahāyanaiḥ (कलाकाष्ठानिमेषादिदिनर्त्वयनहायनैः): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
kālasvarūpo (कालस्वरूपो): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
bhagavān (भगवान्): the Lord; bhaga (“share, portion, majesty,” from bhaj “to share”) + -vant “possessing.” One who has the share of majesty. The Lord as the one possessed of majesty, not a first name.
apāro (अपारो): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.” a- (“not”) + pāro.
harir (हरिर्): harir is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
avyayaḥ (अव्ययः): not-going-apart; a- (“not”) + vyaya (vi-i, “to go apart, to spend”). Not going-apart; unexpended.

भूर्लोको ऽथ भुवर्लोकः स्वर्लोको मुनिसत्तम महर् जनस् तपः सत्यं सप्तलोकान् इमान् विभुः

bhūrloko 'tha bhuvarlokaḥ svarloko munisattama mahar janas tapaḥ satyaṃ saptalokān imān vibhuḥ

[1.22.78] heat being-true these

Word make-up

bhūrloko (भूर्लोको): The core matches the root lok, “to see, to shine.”
'tha (ऽथ): 'tha is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
bhuvarlokaḥ (भुवर्लोकः): The core matches the root lok, “to see, to shine.”
svarloko (स्वर्लोको): The core matches the root lok, “to see, to shine.”
munisattama (मुनिसत्तम): munisattama is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
mahar (महर्): mahar is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
janas (जनस्): The core matches the root jan, “to be born.”
tapaḥ (तपः): heat; From tap, “to heat, to burn.” Heat; the heating of oneself (austerity as inner heat, not grim duty).
satyaṃ (सत्यं): being-true; From sat, “being” (as, “to be”). Being-true; what is as it is.
saptalokān (सप्तलोकान्): The core matches the root lok, “to see, to shine.”
imān (इमान्): these; Inflected from ima. Dual/plural of idam: “these.”
vibhuḥ (विभुः): The core matches the root hu, “to pour the offering.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + bhuḥ.

लोकात्ममूर्तिः सर्वेषां पूर्वेषाम् अपि पूर्वजः आधारः सर्वविद्यानां स्वयम् एव हरिः स्थितः

lokātmamūrtiḥ sarveṣāṃ pūrveṣām api pūrvajaḥ ādhāraḥ sarvavidyānāṃ svayam eva hariḥ sthitaḥ

[1.22.79] of all also first-born oneself just standing

Word make-up

lokātmamūrtiḥ (लोकात्ममूर्तिः): The core matches the root lok, “to see, to shine.”
sarveṣāṃ (सर्वेषां): of all; Genitive plural of sarva: of all.
pūrveṣām (पूर्वेषाम्): The core matches the root pū, “to purify.”
api (अपि): also; Particle: “also, even, though.”
pūrvajaḥ (पूर्वजः): first-born; pūrva (“before, former”) + ja (jan, “to be born”). Born before; elder; first-born.
ādhāraḥ (आधारः): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.” ā- (“unto, fully”) + dhāraḥ.
sarvavidyānāṃ (सर्वविद्यानां): The core matches the root vid, “to know / to find.”
svayam (स्वयम्): oneself; sva + yam: by oneself; of one’s own accord.
eva (एव): just; Particle of restriction or emphasis: “only, just, indeed.”
hariḥ (हरिः): hariḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sthitaḥ (स्थितः): standing; From sthā, “to stand.” Standing-place; stood; having stood; stands.

देवमानुषपश्वादिस्वरूपैर् बहुभिर् विभुः स्थितः सर्वेश्वरो ऽनन्तो भूतमूर्तिर् अमूर्तिमान्

devamānuṣapaśvādisvarūpair bahubhir vibhuḥ sthitaḥ sarveśvaro 'nanto bhūtamūrtir amūrtimān

[1.22.80] standing

Word make-up

devamānuṣapaśvādisvarūpair (देवमानुषपश्वादिस्वरूपैर्): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
bahubhir (बहुभिर्): The core matches the root hu, “to pour the offering.”
vibhuḥ (विभुः): The core matches the root hu, “to pour the offering.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + bhuḥ.
sthitaḥ (स्थितः): standing; From sthā, “to stand.” Standing-place; stood; having stood; stands.
sarveśvaro (सर्वेश्वरो): sarveśvaro is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
'nanto (ऽनन्तो): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
bhūtamūrtir (भूतमूर्तिर्): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
amūrtimān (अमूर्तिमान्): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.” a- (“not”) + mūrtimān.

ऋचो यजूंषि सामानि तथैवाथर्वणानि च इतिहासोपवेदाश् च वेदान्तेषु तथोक्तयः

ṛco yajūṃṣi sāmāni tathaivātharvaṇāni ca itihāsopavedāś ca vedānteṣu tathoktayaḥ

[1.22.81] and and

Word make-up

ṛco (ऋचो): ṛco is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
yajūṃṣi (यजूंषि): The core matches the root yaj, “to offer.”
sāmāni (सामानि): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
tathaivātharvaṇāni (तथैवाथर्वणानि): tathaivātharvaṇāni is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
itihāsopavedāś (इतिहासोपवेदाश्): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
vedānteṣu (वेदान्तेषु): The core matches the root dā, “to give.”
tathoktayaḥ (तथोक्तयः): tathoktayaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

वेदाङ्गानि समस्तानि मन्वादिगदितानि च शास्त्राण्य् अशेषाण्य् आख्यानान्य् अनुवाकाश् च ये क्वचित्

vedāṅgāni samastāni manvādigaditāni ca śāstrāṇy aśeṣāṇy ākhyānāny anuvākāś ca ye kvacit

[1.22.82] and a- (“not”) + śeṣāṇy and who

Word make-up

vedāṅgāni (वेदाङ्गानि): The core matches the root dā, “to give.”
samastāni (समस्तानि): The core matches the root as, “to be.” sam- (“together”) + astāni.
manvādigaditāni (मन्वादिगदितानि): The core matches the root man, “to think.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
śāstrāṇy (शास्त्राण्य्): The core matches the root śās, “to instruct.”
aśeṣāṇy (अशेषाण्य्): a- (“not”) + śeṣāṇy; a- (“not”) + śeṣāṇy.
ākhyānāny (आख्यानान्य्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.” ā- (“unto, fully”) + khyānāny.
anuvākāś (अनुवाकाश्): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.” anu- (“along, after”) + vākāś.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
ye (ये): who; Nominative plural of yad: “who, which.” Relative stem ya-.
kvacit (क्वचित्): The core matches the root vac, “to speak.”

काव्यालापाश् च ये केचिद् गीतकान्य् अखिलानि च शब्दमूर्तिधरस्यैतद् वपुर् विष्णोर् महात्मनः

kāvyālāpāś ca ye kecid gītakāny akhilāni ca śabdamūrtidharasyaitad vapur viṣṇor mahātmanaḥ

[1.22.83] and who a- (“not”) + khilāni and

Word make-up

kāvyālāpāś (काव्यालापाश्): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
ye (ये): who; Nominative plural of yad: “who, which.” Relative stem ya-.
kecid (केचिद्): kecid is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
gītakāny (गीतकान्य्): gītakāny is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
akhilāni (अखिलानि): a- (“not”) + khilāni; a- (“not”) + khilāni.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
śabdamūrtidharasyaitad (शब्दमूर्तिधरस्यैतद्): The core matches the root dam, “to tame.”
vapur (वपुर्): vapur is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
viṣṇor (विष्णोर्): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + ṣṇor.
mahātmanaḥ (महात्मनः): The core matches the root man, “to think.”

यानि मूर्तान्य् अमूर्तानि यान्य् अत्रान्यत्र वा क्वचित् सन्ति वै वस्तुजातानि तानि सर्वाणि तद्वपुः

yāni mūrtāny amūrtāni yāny atrānyatra vā kvacit santi vai vastujātāni tāni sarvāṇi tadvapuḥ

[1.22.84] a- (“not”) + mūrtāni a- (“not”) + trānyatra or they are indeed them all

Word make-up

yāni (यानि): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
mūrtāny (मूर्तान्य्): mūrtāny is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
amūrtāni (अमूर्तानि): a- (“not”) + mūrtāni; a- (“not”) + mūrtāni.
yāny (यान्य्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
atrānyatra (अत्रान्यत्र): a- (“not”) + trānyatra; a- (“not”) + trānyatra.
vā (वा): or; Particle: “or.”
kvacit (क्वचित्): The core matches the root vac, “to speak.”
santi (सन्ति): they are; Present of as: “they are.”
vai (वै): indeed; Particle of emphasis: “indeed.”
vastujātāni (वस्तुजातानि): The core matches the root vas, “to dwell.”
tāni (तानि): them; Inflected from tān. Accusative plural of tad: “them.”
sarvāṇi (सर्वाणि): all; sarva: whole, all. The entire, not a leftover.
tadvapuḥ (तद्वपुः): tadvapuḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

अहं हरिः सर्वम् इदं जनार्दनो नान्यत् ततः कारणकार्यजातम् ईदृङ् मनो यस्य न तस्य भूयो भवोद्भवा द्वन्द्वगदा भवन्ति

ahaṃ hariḥ sarvam idaṃ janārdano nānyat tataḥ kāraṇakāryajātam īdṛṅ mano yasya na tasya bhūyo bhavodbhavā dvandvagadā bhavanti

[1.22.85] I all this janārdano then mind whose not of that again

Word make-up

ahaṃ (अहं): ”; Nominative of asmad: “I.”
hariḥ (हरिः): hariḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sarvam (सर्वम्): all; sarva: whole, all. The entire, not a leftover.
idaṃ (इदं): this; Neuter of idam: “this” (near).
janārdano (जनार्दनो): A name of Kṛṣṇa; Inflected from janārdana. jana (“people,” jan “to be born”) + ardana (ard, “to agitate, to distress”). Agitator of people; or destroyer of the wicked among men. A name of Kṛṣṇa.
nānyat (नान्यत्): nānyat is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tataḥ (ततः): then; From tad + tas: “from that, then.”
kāraṇakāryajātam (कारणकार्यजातम्): The core matches the root yaj, “to offer.”
īdṛṅ (ईदृङ्): īdṛṅ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
mano (मनो): mind; Inflected from mana. From man, “to think, to mind.” The thinking organ; mind as what thinks, not a ghost.
yasya (यस्य): whose; Genitive of yad: “whose, of which.”
na (न): not; Negation: “not.”
tasya (तस्य): of that; Genitive of tad: “of that, his.”
bhūyo (भूयो): again; Inflected from bhūya. Comparative of bahu / from bhū: “more, again.”
bhavodbhavā (भवोद्भवा): bhavodbhavā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
dvandvagadā (द्वन्द्वगदा): The core matches the root dā, “to give.”
bhavanti (भवन्ति): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”

इत्य् एष ते ऽंशः प्रथमः पुराणस्यास्य वै द्विज यथावत् कथितो यस्मिञ् श्रुते पापैर् विमुच्यते

ity eṣa te 'ṃśaḥ prathamaḥ purāṇasyāsya vai dvija yathāvat kathito yasmiñ śrute pāpair vimucyate

[1.22.86] this one you pra- (“forth, forward”) + thamaḥ indeed twice-born

Word make-up

ity (इत्य्): ity is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
eṣa (एष): this one; Masculine of etad: “this one.”
te (ते): you; Enclitic of yuṣmad (“your / to you”) or nominative plural of tad (“they”). Sense follows the verse.
'ṃśaḥ (ऽंशः): 'ṃśaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
prathamaḥ (प्रथमः): pra- (“forth, forward”) + thamaḥ; pra- (“forth, forward”) + thamaḥ.
purāṇasyāsya (पुराणस्यास्य): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
vai (वै): indeed; Particle of emphasis: “indeed.”
dvija (द्विज): twice-born; dvi-ja “twice-born.” dvija-uttama: upmost of the twice-born.
yathāvat (यथावत्): yathāvat is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
kathito (कथितो): kathito is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
yasmiñ (यस्मिञ्): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
śrute (श्रुते): The core matches the root śru, “to hear.”
pāpair (पापैर्): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.”
vimucyate (विमुच्यते): The core matches the root muc, “to release.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + mucyate.

कार्त्तिक्यां पुष्करस्नाने द्वादशाब्दे तु यत् फलम् तद् अस्य श्रवणे सर्वं मैत्रेयाप्नोति मानवः

kārttikyāṃ puṣkarasnāne dvādaśābde tu yat phalam tad asya śravaṇe sarvaṃ maitreyāpnoti mānavaḥ

[1.22.87] but which fruit that of this all

Word make-up

kārttikyāṃ (कार्त्तिक्यां): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
puṣkarasnāne (पुष्करस्नाने): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
dvādaśābde (द्वादशाब्दे): dvādaśābde is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
yat (यत्): which; Neuter of yad: “which, what, that.” Relative stem ya-.
phalam (फलम्): fruit; Fruit; the produce of a deed (from a root of bursting/ripening). Result as fruit, not a score.
tad (तद्): that; Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
asya (अस्य): of this; Genitive of idam: “of this.”
śravaṇe (श्रवणे): śravaṇe is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sarvaṃ (सर्वं): all; sarva: whole, all. The entire, not a leftover.
maitreyāpnoti (मैत्रेयाप्नोति): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.”
mānavaḥ (मानवः): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”

देवर्षिपितृगन्धर्वयक्षादीनां च संभवम् भवन्ति शृण्वतः पुंसो देवाद्या वरदा मुने

devarṣipitṛgandharvayakṣādīnāṃ ca saṃbhavam bhavanti śṛṇvataḥ puṃso devādyā varadā mune

[1.22.88] and be

Word make-up

devarṣipitṛgandharvayakṣādīnāṃ (देवर्षिपितृगन्धर्वयक्षादीनां): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
saṃbhavam (संभवम्): be; saṃ- (“together”) joined to bhavam. Imperative of bhū: “be, become.” Also a noun: coming-to-be. Together the form means saṃ + that sense.
bhavanti (भवन्ति): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
śṛṇvataḥ (शृण्वतः): śṛṇvataḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
puṃso (पुंसो): puṃso is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
devādyā (देवाद्या): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
varadā (वरदा): The core matches the root dā, “to give.”
mune (मुने): mune is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

Viṣṇu Purāṇa

Prathama Aṃśa, Dviaviṃśa Adhyāya

Devanagari scan