Prathama Aṃśa, Ekaviṃśa Adhyāya

इति श्रीविष्णुपुराणे प्रथमे ऽंशे विंशो ऽध्यायः संह्लादपुत्र आयुष्माञ् शिबिर् बाष्कल एव च विरोचनस् तु प्राह्लादिर् बलिर् जज्ञे विरोचनात्

[[iti śrīviṣṇupurāṇe prathame 'ṃśe viṃśo 'dhyāyaḥ ]] saṃhlādaputra āyuṣmāñ śibir bāṣkala eva ca virocanas tu prāhlādir balir jajñe virocanāt

[1.21.1] pra- (“forth, forward”) + thame vi- (“apart, asunder”) + ṃśo saṃ- (“together”) + hlādaputra just and but

Word make-up

[[iti (इति): [[iti is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
śrīviṣṇupurāṇe (श्रीविष्णुपुराणे): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.”
prathame (प्रथमे): pra- (“forth, forward”) + thame; pra- (“forth, forward”) + thame.
'ṃśe (ऽंशे): 'ṃśe is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
viṃśo (विंशो): vi- (“apart, asunder”) + ṃśo; vi- (“apart, asunder”) + ṃśo.
'dhyāyaḥ (ऽध्यायः): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
]]: ]] is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
saṃhlādaputra (संह्लादपुत्र): saṃ- (“together”) + hlādaputra; saṃ- (“together”) + hlādaputra.
āyuṣmāñ (आयुष्माञ्): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.” ā- (“unto, fully”) + yuṣmāñ.
śibir (शिबिर्): śibir is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
bāṣkala (बाष्कल): bāṣkala is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
eva (एव): just; Particle of restriction or emphasis: “only, just, indeed.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
virocanas (विरोचनस्): The core matches the root as, “to be.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + rocanas.
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
prāhlādir (प्राह्लादिर्): prāhlādir is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
balir (बलिर्): balir is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
jajñe (जज्ञे): jajñe is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
virocanāt (विरोचनात्): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + rocanāt.

बलेः पुत्रशतं त्व् आसीद् बाणज्येष्ठं महामुने हिरण्याक्षसुताश् चासन् सर्व एव महाबलाः

baleḥ putraśataṃ tv āsīd bāṇajyeṣṭhaṃ mahāmune hiraṇyākṣasutāś cāsan sarva eva mahābalāḥ

[1.21.2] all just

Word make-up

baleḥ (बलेः): baleḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
putraśataṃ (पुत्रशतं): putraśataṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tv (त्व्): tv is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
āsīd (आसीद्): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.” ā- (“unto, fully”) + sīd.
bāṇajyeṣṭhaṃ (बाणज्येष्ठं): bāṇajyeṣṭhaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
mahāmune (महामुने): mahāmune is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
hiraṇyākṣasutāś (हिरण्याक्षसुताश्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
cāsan (चासन्): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
sarva (सर्व): all; sarva: whole, all. The entire, not a leftover.
eva (एव): just; Particle of restriction or emphasis: “only, just, indeed.”
mahābalāḥ (महाबलाः): mahābalāḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

झर्झरः शकुनिश् चैव भूतसंतापनस् तथा महानाभो महाबाहुः कालनाभस् तथापरः

jharjharaḥ śakuniś caiva bhūtasaṃtāpanas tathā mahānābho mahābāhuḥ kālanābhas tathāparaḥ

[1.21.3] so

Word make-up

jharjharaḥ (झर्झरः): jharjharaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
śakuniś (शकुनिश्): The core matches the root śak, “to be able.”
caiva (चैव): caiva is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
bhūtasaṃtāpanas (भूतसंतापनस्): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
tathā (तथा): so; ta- + thā: “in that way, so.”
mahānābho (महानाभो): mahānābho is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
mahābāhuḥ (महाबाहुः): The core matches the root hu, “to pour the offering.”
kālanābhas (कालनाभस्): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
tathāparaḥ (तथापरः): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.”

अभवन् दनुपुत्राश् च द्विमूर्धा शंकरस् तथा अयोमुखः शङ्कुशिराः कपिलः शम्बरस् तथा

abhavan danuputrāś ca dvimūrdhā śaṃkaras tathā ayomukhaḥ śaṅkuśirāḥ kapilaḥ śambaras tathā

[1.21.4] and so a- (“not”) + yomukhaḥ The sage Kapila of Sāṅkhya so

Word make-up

abhavan (अभवन्): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.” a- (“not”) + bhavan.
danuputrāś (दनुपुत्राश्): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
dvimūrdhā (द्विमूर्धा): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.”
śaṃkaras (शंकरस्): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
tathā (तथा): so; ta- + thā: “in that way, so.”
ayomukhaḥ (अयोमुखः): a- (“not”) + yomukhaḥ; a- (“not”) + yomukhaḥ.
śaṅkuśirāḥ (शङ्कुशिराः): śaṅkuśirāḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
kapilaḥ (कपिलः): The sage Kapila of Sāṅkhya; kapila: tawny. The sage Kapila of Sāṅkhya.
śambaras (शम्बरस्): The core matches the root śam, “to be calm.”
tathā (तथा): so; ta- + thā: “in that way, so.”

एकचक्रो महाबाहुस् तारकश् च महाबलः स्वर्भानुर् वृषपर्वा च पुलोमा च महाबलः

ekacakro mahābāhus tārakaś ca mahābalaḥ svarbhānur vṛṣaparvā ca pulomā ca mahābalaḥ

[1.21.5] and and and

Word make-up

ekacakro (एकचक्रो): ekacakro is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
mahābāhus (महाबाहुस्): The core matches the root hu, “to pour the offering.”
tārakaś (तारकश्): tārakaś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
mahābalaḥ (महाबलः): mahābalaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
svarbhānur (स्वर्भानुर्): svarbhānur is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
vṛṣaparvā (वृषपर्वा): The core matches the root vṛ, “to cover / to choose.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
pulomā (पुलोमा): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
mahābalaḥ (महाबलः): mahābalaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

एते दनोः सुताः ख्याता विप्रचित्तिश् च वीर्यवान्

ete danoḥ sutāḥ khyātā vipracittiś ca vīryavān

[1.21.6] these su- (“well, good”) + tāḥ and

Word make-up

ete (एते): these; Nominative plural of etad: “these.”
danoḥ (दनोः): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
sutāḥ (सुताः): su- (“well, good”) + tāḥ; su- (“well, good”) + tāḥ.
khyātā (ख्याता): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
vipracittiś (विप्रचित्तिश्): The core matches the root cit, “to perceive, to notice.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + pracittiś.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
vīryavān (वीर्यवान्): vīryavān is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

स्वर्भानोस् तु प्रभा कन्या शर्मिष्ठा वार्षपर्वणी उपदानवी हयशिराः प्रख्याता वरकन्यकाः

svarbhānos tu prabhā kanyā śarmiṣṭhā vārṣaparvaṇī upadānavī hayaśirāḥ prakhyātā varakanyakāḥ

[1.21.7] but pra- (“forth, forward”) + bhā

Word make-up

svarbhānos (स्वर्भानोस्): svarbhānos is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
prabhā (प्रभा): pra- (“forth, forward”) + bhā; pra- (“forth, forward”) + bhā.
kanyā (कन्या): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
śarmiṣṭhā (शर्मिष्ठा): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.”
vārṣaparvaṇī (वार्षपर्वणी): vārṣaparvaṇī is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
upadānavī (उपदानवी): The core matches the root pad, “to go, to fall.” upa- (“near, toward”) + dānavī.
hayaśirāḥ (हयशिराः): hayaśirāḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
prakhyātā (प्रख्याता): The core matches the root yā, “to go.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + khyātā.
varakanyakāḥ (वरकन्यकाः): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”

वैश्वानरसुते चोभे पुलोमा कालका तथा उभे ते तु महाभागे मारीचेस् तु परिग्रहः

vaiśvānarasute cobhe pulomā kālakā tathā ubhe te tu mahābhāge mārīces tu parigrahaḥ

[1.21.8] so both you but but

Word make-up

vaiśvānarasute (वैश्वानरसुते): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
cobhe (चोभे): cobhe is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
pulomā (पुलोमा): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
kālakā (कालका): kālakā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tathā (तथा): so; ta- + thā: “in that way, so.”
ubhe (उभे): both; ubha: both.
te (ते): you; Enclitic of yuṣmad (“your / to you”) or nominative plural of tad (“they”). Sense follows the verse.
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
mahābhāge (महाभागे): mahābhāge is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
mārīces (मारीचेस्): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
parigrahaḥ (परिग्रहः): The core matches the root grah, “to grasp.” pari- (“around”) + grahaḥ.

ताभ्यां पुत्रसहस्राणि षष्टिर् दानवसत्तमाः पौलोमाः कालकेयाश् च मारीचतनयाः स्मृताः

tābhyāṃ putrasahasrāṇi ṣaṣṭir dānavasattamāḥ paulomāḥ kālakeyāś ca mārīcatanayāḥ smṛtāḥ

[1.21.9] and

Word make-up

tābhyāṃ (ताभ्यां): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
putrasahasrāṇi (पुत्रसहस्राणि): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
ṣaṣṭir (षष्टिर्): ṣaṣṭir is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
dānavasattamāḥ (दानवसत्तमाः): The core matches the root vas, “to dwell.”
paulomāḥ (पौलोमाः): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
kālakeyāś (कालकेयाश्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
mārīcatanayāḥ (मारीचतनयाः): The core matches the root tan, “to stretch.”
smṛtāḥ (स्मृताः): The core matches the root smṛ, “to remember.”

ततो ऽपरे महावीर्या दारुणास् त्व् अतिनिर्घृणाः सिंहिकायाम् अथोत्पन्ना विप्रचित्तेः सुतास् तथा

tato 'pare mahāvīryā dāruṇās tv atinirghṛṇāḥ siṃhikāyām athotpannā vipracitteḥ sutās tathā

[1.21.10] that so

Word make-up

tato (ततो): that; Inflected from tat. Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
'pare (ऽपरे): 'pare is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
mahāvīryā (महावीर्या): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
dāruṇās (दारुणास्): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
tv (त्व्): tv is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
atinirghṛṇāḥ (अतिनिर्घृणाः): The core matches the root hṛ, “to take.” ati- (“beyond”) + nirghṛṇāḥ.
siṃhikāyām (सिंहिकायाम्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
athotpannā (अथोत्पन्ना): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.” a- (“not”) + thotpannā.
vipracitteḥ (विप्रचित्तेः): The core matches the root cit, “to perceive, to notice.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + pracitteḥ.
sutās (सुतास्): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.” su- (“well, good”) + tās.
tathā (तथा): so; ta- + thā: “in that way, so.”

त्र्यंशः शल्यश् च बलवान् नभश् चैव महाबलः वातापिर् नमुचिश् चैव इल्वलः खसृमस् तथा

tryaṃśaḥ śalyaś ca balavān nabhaś caiva mahābalaḥ vātāpir namuciś caiva ilvalaḥ khasṛmas tathā

[1.21.11] and so

Word make-up

tryaṃśaḥ (त्र्यंशः): tryaṃśaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
śalyaś (शल्यश्): śalyaś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
balavān (बलवान्): balavān is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
nabhaś (नभश्): nabhaś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
caiva (चैव): caiva is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
mahābalaḥ (महाबलः): mahābalaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
vātāpir (वातापिर्): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.”
namuciś (नमुचिश्): The core matches the root nam, “to bow.”
caiva (चैव): caiva is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ilvalaḥ (इल्वलः): ilvalaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
khasṛmas (खसृमस्): The core matches the root sṛ, “to flow.”
tathā (तथा): so; ta- + thā: “in that way, so.”

अन्धको नरकश् चैव कालनाभस् तथैव च स्वर्भानुश् च महावीर्यो वक्त्रयोधी महासुरः

andhako narakaś caiva kālanābhas tathaiva ca svarbhānuś ca mahāvīryo vaktrayodhī mahāsuraḥ

[1.21.12] likewise and and

Word make-up

andhako (अन्धको): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.” a- (“not”) + ndhako.
narakaś (नरकश्): narakaś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
caiva (चैव): caiva is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
kālanābhas (कालनाभस्): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
tathaiva (तथैव): likewise; tathā + eva: just so, likewise.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
svarbhānuś (स्वर्भानुश्): svarbhānuś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
mahāvīryo (महावीर्यो): mahāvīryo is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
vaktrayodhī (वक्त्रयोधी): vaktrayodhī is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
mahāsuraḥ (महासुरः): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”

एते वै दानवश्रेष्ठा दनुवंशविवर्धनाः एतेषां पुत्रपौत्राश् च शतशो ऽथ सहस्रशः

ete vai dānavaśreṣṭhā danuvaṃśavivardhanāḥ eteṣāṃ putrapautrāś ca śataśo 'tha sahasraśaḥ

[1.21.13] these indeed and

Word make-up

ete (एते): these; Nominative plural of etad: “these.”
vai (वै): indeed; Particle of emphasis: “indeed.”
dānavaśreṣṭhā (दानवश्रेष्ठा): The core matches the root dā, “to give.”
danuvaṃśavivardhanāḥ (दनुवंशविवर्धनाः): The core matches the root han, “to strike.”
eteṣāṃ (एतेषां): eteṣāṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
putrapautrāś (पुत्रपौत्राश्): putrapautrāś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
śataśo (शतशो): śataśo is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
'tha (ऽथ): 'tha is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sahasraśaḥ (सहस्रशः): The core matches the root as, “to be.”

प्रह्लादस्य तु दैत्यस्य निवातकवचाः कुले समुत्पन्नाः सुमहता तपसा भावितात्मनः

prahlādasya tu daityasya nivātakavacāḥ kule samutpannāḥ sumahatā tapasā bhāvitātmanaḥ

[1.21.14] but great heat

Word make-up

prahlādasya (प्रह्लादस्य): The core matches the root as, “to be.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + hlādasya.
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
daityasya (दैत्यस्य): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
nivātakavacāḥ (निवातकवचाः): The core matches the root vac, “to speak.” ni- (“down, in”) + vātakavacāḥ.
kule (कुले): kule is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
samutpannāḥ (समुत्पन्नाः): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.” sam- (“together”) + utpannāḥ.
sumahatā (सुमहता): great; su- (“well, good”) joined to mahatā. mahat: great. From mah, “to be great.” Together the form means su + that sense.
tapasā (तपसा): heat; From tap, “to heat, to burn.” Heat; the heating of oneself (austerity as inner heat, not grim duty).
bhāvitātmanaḥ (भावितात्मनः): The core matches the root man, “to think.”

षट् सुताः सुमहासत्त्वास् ताम्रायाः परिकीर्तिताः शुकी श्येनी च भासी च सुग्रीवी शुचिगृध्रिका

ṣaṭ sutāḥ sumahāsattvās tāmrāyāḥ parikīrtitāḥ śukī śyenī ca bhāsī ca sugrīvī śucigṛdhrikā

[1.21.15] six su- (“well, good”) + tāḥ named and and su- (“well, good”) + grīvī

Word make-up

ṣaṭ (षट्): six; ṣaṣ: six.
sutāḥ (सुताः): su- (“well, good”) + tāḥ; su- (“well, good”) + tāḥ.
sumahāsattvās (सुमहासत्त्वास्): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.” su- (“well, good”) + mahāsattvās.
tāmrāyāḥ (ताम्रायाः): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
parikīrtitāḥ (परिकीर्तिताः): named; pari- (“around”) joined to kīrtitāḥ. From kīrt, “to name, to praise.” Named; they name. Together the form means pari + that sense.
śukī (शुकी): śukī is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
śyenī (श्येनी): The core matches the root nī, “to lead.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
bhāsī (भासी): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
sugrīvī (सुग्रीवी): su- (“well, good”) + grīvī; su- (“well, good”) + grīvī.
śucigṛdhrikā (शुचिगृध्रिका): The core matches the root śuc, “to gleam, to be clean.”

शुकी शुकान् अजनयद् उलूकी प्रत्युलूककान् श्येनी श्येनांस् तथा भासी भासान् गृद्ध्रांश् च गृद्ध्र्य् अपि

śukī śukān ajanayad ulūkī pratyulūkakān śyenī śyenāṃs tathā bhāsī bhāsān gṛddhrāṃś ca gṛddhry api

[1.21.16] pra- (“forth, forward”) + tyulūkakān so and also

Word make-up

śukī (शुकी): śukī is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
śukān (शुकान्): śukān is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ajanayad (अजनयद्): The core matches the root jan, “to be born.” a- (“not”) + janayad.
ulūkī (उलूकी): ulūkī is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
pratyulūkakān (प्रत्युलूककान्): pra- (“forth, forward”) + tyulūkakān; pra- (“forth, forward”) + tyulūkakān.
śyenī (श्येनी): The core matches the root nī, “to lead.”
śyenāṃs (श्येनांस्): śyenāṃs is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tathā (तथा): so; ta- + thā: “in that way, so.”
bhāsī (भासी): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
bhāsān (भासान्): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
gṛddhrāṃś (गृद्ध्रांश्): gṛddhrāṃś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
gṛddhry (गृद्ध्र्य्): gṛddhry is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
api (अपि): also; Particle: “also, even, though.”

शुच्य् औदकान् पक्षिगणान् सुग्रीवी तु व्यजायत अश्वान् उष्ट्रान् गर्दभांश् च ताम्रावंशाः प्रकीर्तिताः

śucy audakān pakṣigaṇān sugrīvī tu vyajāyata aśvān uṣṭrān gardabhāṃś ca tāmrāvaṃśāḥ prakīrtitāḥ

[1.21.17] a- (“not”) + udakān su- (“well, good”) + grīvī but not tomorrow and named

Word make-up

śucy (शुच्य्): The core matches the root śuc, “to gleam, to be clean.”
audakān (औदकान्): a- (“not”) + udakān; a- (“not”) + udakān.
pakṣigaṇān (पक्षिगणान्): The core matches the root kṣi, “to dwell / to destroy.”
sugrīvī (सुग्रीवी): su- (“well, good”) + grīvī; su- (“well, good”) + grīvī.
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
vyajāyata (व्यजायत): The core matches the root yaj, “to offer.”
aśvān (अश्वान्): not tomorrow; a- (“not”) joined to śvān. Indeclinable: “tomorrow.” Together the form means a + that sense.
uṣṭrān (उष्ट्रान्): uṣṭrān is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
gardabhāṃś (गर्दभांश्): gardabhāṃś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
tāmrāvaṃśāḥ (ताम्रावंशाः): tāmrāvaṃśāḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
prakīrtitāḥ (प्रकीर्तिताः): named; pra- (“forth, forward”) joined to kīrtitāḥ. From kīrt, “to name, to praise.” Named; they name. Together the form means pra + that sense.

विनतायास् तु द्वौ पुत्रौ विख्यातौ गरुडारुणौ सुपर्णः पततां श्रेष्ठो दारुणः पन्नगाशनः

vinatāyās tu dvau putrau vikhyātau garuḍāruṇau suparṇaḥ patatāṃ śreṣṭho dāruṇaḥ pannagāśanaḥ

[1.21.18] but two su- (“well, good”) + parṇaḥ most excellent

Word make-up

vinatāyās (विनतायास्): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + natāyās.
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
dvau (द्वौ): two; dvi: two. Dual forms “these two.”
putrau (पुत्रौ): putrau is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
vikhyātau (विख्यातौ): The core matches the root yā, “to go.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + khyātau.
garuḍāruṇau (गरुडारुणौ): garuḍāruṇau is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
suparṇaḥ (सुपर्णः): su- (“well, good”) + parṇaḥ; su- (“well, good”) + parṇaḥ.
patatāṃ (पततां): The core matches the root pat, “to fall.”
śreṣṭho (श्रेष्ठो): most excellent; Inflected from śreṣṭha. Superlative of śrī-related “excellent.” The most excellent.
dāruṇaḥ (दारुणः): The core matches the root dā, “to give.”
pannagāśanaḥ (पन्नगाशनः): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”

सुरसायाः सहस्रं तु सर्पाणाम् अमितौजसाम् अनेकशिरसां ब्रह्मन् खेचराणां महात्मनाम्

surasāyāḥ sahasraṃ tu sarpāṇām amitaujasām anekaśirasāṃ brahman khecarāṇāṃ mahātmanām

[1.21.19] shining one a thousand but that-which-is-vast (brahman)

Word make-up

surasāyāḥ (सुरसायाः): shining one; Inflected from suras. sura: a shining one, a god. Parallel to deva (div, “to shine”).
sahasraṃ (सहस्रं): a thousand; sahasra: a thousand.
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
sarpāṇām (सर्पाणाम्): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.”
amitaujasām (अमितौजसाम्): The core matches the root as, “to be.” a- (“not”) + mitaujasām.
anekaśirasāṃ (अनेकशिरसां): The core matches the root as, “to be.” a- (“not”) + nekaśirasāṃ.
brahman (ब्रह्मन्): that-which-is-vast (brahman); Neuter of brahman, from bṛh, “to grow, to swell, to be vast.” It names that which is vast — an entity, not a person. The creator god is a different word, Brahmā (masculine). A brāhmaṇa is a person of that class.
khecarāṇāṃ (खेचराणां): The core matches the root car, “to move.”
mahātmanām (महात्मनाम्): The core matches the root man, “to think.”

काद्रवेयास् तु बलिनः सहस्रम् अमितौजसः सुपर्णवशगा ब्रह्मञ् जज्ञिरे नैकमस्तकाः

kādraveyās tu balinaḥ sahasram amitaujasaḥ suparṇavaśagā brahmañ jajñire naikamastakāḥ

[1.21.20] but a thousand su- (“well, good”) + parṇavaśagā

Word make-up

kādraveyās (काद्रवेयास्): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
balinaḥ (बलिनः): balinaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sahasram (सहस्रम्): a thousand; sahasra: a thousand.
amitaujasaḥ (अमितौजसः): The core matches the root as, “to be.” a- (“not”) + mitaujasaḥ.
suparṇavaśagā (सुपर्णवशगा): su- (“well, good”) + parṇavaśagā; su- (“well, good”) + parṇavaśagā.
brahmañ (ब्रह्मञ्): brahmañ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
jajñire (जज्ञिरे): jajñire is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
naikamastakāḥ (नैकमस्तकाः): The core matches the root kam, “to desire.”

तेषां प्रधानभूतास् ते शेषवासुकितक्षकाः शङ्खश्वेतो महापद्मः कम्बलाश्वतराव् उभौ

teṣāṃ pradhānabhūtās te śeṣavāsukitakṣakāḥ śaṅkhaśveto mahāpadmaḥ kambalāśvatarāv ubhau

[1.21.21] of them you both

Word make-up

teṣāṃ (तेषां): of them; Genitive plural of tad: “of them.”
pradhānabhūtās (प्रधानभूतास्): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + dhānabhūtās.
te (ते): you; Enclitic of yuṣmad (“your / to you”) or nominative plural of tad (“they”). Sense follows the verse.
śeṣavāsukitakṣakāḥ (शेषवासुकितक्षकाः): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
śaṅkhaśveto (शङ्खश्वेतो): śaṅkhaśveto is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
mahāpadmaḥ (महापद्मः): The core matches the root pad, “to go, to fall.”
kambalāśvatarāv (कम्बलाश्वतराव्): The core matches the root kam, “to desire.”
ubhau (उभौ): both; ubha: both.

एलापुत्रस् तथा नागः कर्कोटकधनंजयौ एते चान्ये च बहवो दन्दशूका विषोल्बणाः

elāputras tathā nāgaḥ karkoṭakadhanaṃjayau ete cānye ca bahavo dandaśūkā viṣolbaṇāḥ

[1.21.22] so these and many

Word make-up

elāputras (एलापुत्रस्): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.”
tathā (तथा): so; ta- + thā: “in that way, so.”
nāgaḥ (नागः): nāgaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
karkoṭakadhanaṃjayau (कर्कोटकधनंजयौ): The core matches the root han, “to strike.”
ete (एते): these; Nominative plural of etad: “these.”
cānye (चान्ये): cānye is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
bahavo (बहवो): many; Inflected from bahava. bahu: much, many.
dandaśūkā (दन्दशूका): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
viṣolbaṇāḥ (विषोल्बणाः): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + ṣolbaṇāḥ.

गणं क्रोधवशं विद्धि ते च सर्वे च दंष्ट्रिणः स्थलजाः पक्षिणो ऽब्जाश् च दारुणाः पिशिताशनाः

gaṇaṃ krodhavaśaṃ viddhi te ca sarve ca daṃṣṭriṇaḥ sthalajāḥ pakṣiṇo 'bjāś ca dāruṇāḥ piśitāśanāḥ

[1.21.23] troop know you and all and and

Word make-up

gaṇaṃ (गणं): troop; gaṇa: a troop, a flock, a counted group.
krodhavaśaṃ (क्रोधवशं): krodhavaśaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
viddhi (विद्धि): know; From vid, “to know” (vetti, viduḥ, viddhi) or “to be found” (vidyate). Knows; they know; is found; know!
te (ते): you; Enclitic of yuṣmad (“your / to you”) or nominative plural of tad (“they”). Sense follows the verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
sarve (सर्वे): all; Nominative plural of sarva: “all.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
daṃṣṭriṇaḥ (दंष्ट्रिणः): daṃṣṭriṇaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sthalajāḥ (स्थलजाः): sthalajāḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
pakṣiṇo (पक्षिणो): The core matches the root kṣi, “to dwell / to destroy.”
'bjāś (ऽब्जाश्): 'bjāś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
dāruṇāḥ (दारुणाः): The core matches the root dā, “to give.”
piśitāśanāḥ (पिशिताशनाः): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”

क्रोधात् तु जनयाम् आस पिशाचांश् च महाबलान्

krodhāt tu janayām āsa piśācāṃś ca mahābalān

[1.21.23.59] but and

Word make-up

krodhāt (क्रोधात्): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.”
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
janayām (जनयाम्): The core matches the root jan, “to be born.”
āsa (आस): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
piśācāṃś (पिशाचांश्): piśācāṃś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
mahābalān (महाबलान्): mahābalān is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

गास् तु वै जनयाम् आस सुरभिर् महिषीस् तथा इरावृक्षलतावल्लीस् तृणजातीश् च सर्वशः

gās tu vai janayām āsa surabhir mahiṣīs tathā irāvṛkṣalatāvallīs tṛṇajātīś ca sarvaśaḥ

[1.21.24] but indeed su- (“well, good”) + rabhir so and all

Word make-up

gās (गास्): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
vai (वै): indeed; Particle of emphasis: “indeed.”
janayām (जनयाम्): The core matches the root jan, “to be born.”
āsa (आस): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
surabhir (सुरभिर्): su- (“well, good”) + rabhir; su- (“well, good”) + rabhir.
mahiṣīs (महिषीस्): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.”
tathā (तथा): so; ta- + thā: “in that way, so.”
irāvṛkṣalatāvallīs (इरावृक्षलतावल्लीस्): The core matches the root vṛ, “to cover / to choose.”
tṛṇajātīś (तृणजातीश्): tṛṇajātīś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
sarvaśaḥ (सर्वशः): all; sarva: whole, all. The entire, not a leftover.

खषा तु यक्षरक्षांसि मुनिर् अप्सरसस् तथा अरिष्टा तु महासत्त्वान् गन्धर्वान् समजीजनत्

khaṣā tu yakṣarakṣāṃsi munir apsarasas tathā ariṣṭā tu mahāsattvān gandharvān samajījanat

[1.21.25] but so but

Word make-up

khaṣā (खषा): khaṣā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
yakṣarakṣāṃsi (यक्षरक्षांसि): The core matches the root kṣar, “to flow, to waste away, to perish.”
munir (मुनिर्): munir is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
apsarasas (अप्सरसस्): The core matches the root as, “to be.” a- (“not”) + psarasas.
tathā (तथा): so; ta- + thā: “in that way, so.”
ariṣṭā (अरिष्टा): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.” a- (“not”) + riṣṭā.
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
mahāsattvān (महासत्त्वान्): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
gandharvān (गन्धर्वान्): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
samajījanat (समजीजनत्): The core matches the root jan, “to be born.” sam- (“together”) + ajījanat.

एते कश्यपदायादाः कीर्तिताः स्थाणुजङ्गमाः तेषां पुत्राश् च पौत्राश् च शतशो ऽथ सहस्रशः

ete kaśyapadāyādāḥ kīrtitāḥ sthāṇujaṅgamāḥ teṣāṃ putrāś ca pautrāś ca śataśo 'tha sahasraśaḥ

[1.21.26] these named of them and and

Word make-up

ete (एते): these; Nominative plural of etad: “these.”
kaśyapadāyādāḥ (कश्यपदायादाः): The core matches the root pad, “to go, to fall.”
kīrtitāḥ (कीर्तिताः): named; Inflected from kīrtita. From kīrt, “to name, to praise.” Named; they name.
sthāṇujaṅgamāḥ (स्थाणुजङ्गमाः): The core matches the root sthā, “to stand.”
teṣāṃ (तेषां): of them; Genitive plural of tad: “of them.”
putrāś (पुत्राश्): putrāś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
pautrāś (पौत्राश्): pautrāś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
śataśo (शतशो): śataśo is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
'tha (ऽथ): 'tha is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sahasraśaḥ (सहस्रशः): The core matches the root as, “to be.”

एष मन्वन्तरे सर्गो ब्रह्मन् स्वारोचिषे स्मृतः वैवस्वते च महति वारुणे वितते क्रतौ

eṣa manvantare sargo brahman svārociṣe smṛtaḥ vaivasvate ca mahati vāruṇe vitate kratau

[1.21.27] this one that-which-is-vast (brahman) and great that

Word make-up

eṣa (एष): this one; Masculine of etad: “this one.”
manvantare (मन्वन्तरे): The core matches the root man, “to think.”
sargo (सर्गो): sargo is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
brahman (ब्रह्मन्): that-which-is-vast (brahman); Neuter of brahman, from bṛh, “to grow, to swell, to be vast.” It names that which is vast — an entity, not a person. The creator god is a different word, Brahmā (masculine). A brāhmaṇa is a person of that class.
svārociṣe (स्वारोचिषे): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.”
smṛtaḥ (स्मृतः): The core matches the root smṛ, “to remember.”
vaivasvate (वैवस्वते): The core matches the root vas, “to dwell.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
mahati (महति): great; Inflected from mahat. mahat: great. From mah, “to be great.”
vāruṇe (वारुणे): vāruṇe is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
vitate (वितते): that; vi- (“apart, asunder”) joined to tate. Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-. Together the form means vi + that sense.
kratau (क्रतौ): kratau is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

जुह्वानस्य ब्रह्मणो वै प्रजासर्ग इहोच्यते पूर्वं यत्र तु सप्तर्षीन् उत्पन्नान् सप्त मानसान्

juhvānasya brahmaṇo vai prajāsarga ihocyate pūrvaṃ yatra tu saptarṣīn utpannān sapta mānasān

[1.21.28] that-which-is-vast (brahman) indeed where but seven

Word make-up

juhvānasya (जुह्वानस्य): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
brahmaṇo (ब्रह्मणो): that-which-is-vast (brahman); Inflected from brahmaṇa. Neuter of brahman, from bṛh, “to grow, to swell, to be vast.” It names that which is vast — an entity, not a person. The creator god is a different word, Brahmā (masculine). A brāhmaṇa is a person of that class.
vai (वै): indeed; Particle of emphasis: “indeed.”
prajāsarga (प्रजासर्ग): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + jāsarga.
ihocyate (इहोच्यते): ihocyate is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
pūrvaṃ (पूर्वं): The core matches the root pū, “to purify.”
yatra (यत्र): where; ya- + tra: “in which place, where.”
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
saptarṣīn (सप्तर्षीन्): saptarṣīn is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
utpannān (उत्पन्नान्): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.” ut- (“up, out”) + pannān.
sapta (सप्त): seven; saptan: seven.
mānasān (मानसान्): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”

पुत्रत्वे कल्पयाम् आस स्वयम् एव पितामहः गन्धर्वभोगिदेवानां दानवानां च सत्तम

putratve kalpayām āsa svayam eva pitāmahaḥ gandharvabhogidevānāṃ dānavānāṃ ca sattama

[1.21.29] oneself just and

Word make-up

putratve (पुत्रत्वे): putratve is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
kalpayām (कल्पयाम्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
āsa (आस): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
svayam (स्वयम्): oneself; sva + yam: by oneself; of one’s own accord.
eva (एव): just; Particle of restriction or emphasis: “only, just, indeed.”
pitāmahaḥ (पितामहः): pitāmahaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
gandharvabhogidevānāṃ (गन्धर्वभोगिदेवानां): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
dānavānāṃ (दानवानां): The core matches the root dā, “to give.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
sattama (सत्तम): sattama is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

दितिर् विनष्टपुत्रा वै तोषयाम् आस कश्यपम् तया चाराधितः सम्यक् कश्यपस् तपतां वरः

ditir vinaṣṭaputrā vai toṣayām āsa kaśyapam tayā cārādhitaḥ samyak kaśyapas tapatāṃ varaḥ

[1.21.30] vi- (“apart, asunder”) + naṣṭaputrā indeed rightly best

Word make-up

ditir (दितिर्): ditir is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
vinaṣṭaputrā (विनष्टपुत्रा): vi- (“apart, asunder”) + naṣṭaputrā; vi- (“apart, asunder”) + naṣṭaputrā.
vai (वै): indeed; Particle of emphasis: “indeed.”
toṣayām (तोषयाम्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
āsa (आस): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
kaśyapam (कश्यपम्): kaśyapam is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tayā (तया): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
cārādhitaḥ (चाराधितः): cārādhitaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
samyak (सम्यक्): rightly; sam- + añc: “together-going, rightly, fully.”
kaśyapas (कश्यपस्): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
tapatāṃ (तपतां): The core matches the root tap, “to heat.”
varaḥ (वरः): best; From vṛ, “to choose.” The chosen; the best. Vocative: O best.

वरेण छन्दयाम् आस सा च वव्रे ततो वरम् पुत्रम् इन्द्रवधार्थाय समर्थम् अमितौजसम्

vareṇa chandayām āsa sā ca vavre tato varam putram indravadhārthāya samartham amitaujasam

[1.21.31] she and that best aim

Word make-up

vareṇa (वरेण): vareṇa is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
chandayām (छन्दयाम्): The core matches the root han, “to strike.”
āsa (आस): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
sā (सा): she; Nominative feminine of tad: “she, that.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
vavre (वव्रे): vavre is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tato (ततो): that; Inflected from tat. Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
varam (वरम्): best; From vṛ, “to choose.” The chosen; the best. Vocative: O best.
putram (पुत्रम्): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
indravadhārthāya (इन्द्रवधार्थाय): The core matches the root vad, “to say.”
samartham (समर्थम्): aim; sam- (“together”) joined to artham. artha: aim, meaning, wealth as what is sought. From a root of going-toward. That-for-which. Together the form means sam + that sense.
amitaujasam (अमितौजसम्): The core matches the root as, “to be.” a- (“not”) + mitaujasam.

स च तस्यै वरं प्रादाद् भार्यायै मुनिसत्तमः दत्त्वा च वरम् अव्यग्रः कश्यपस् ताम् उवाच ह

sa ca tasyai varaṃ prādād bhāryāyai munisattamaḥ dattvā ca varam avyagraḥ kaśyapas tām uvāca ha

[1.21.32] he and of that best gives and best a- (“not”) + vyagraḥ said

Word make-up

sa (स): he; Nominative singular masculine of tad: “he, that one.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
tasyai (तस्यै): of that; Inflected from tasya. Genitive of tad: “of that, his.”
varaṃ (वरं): best; From vṛ, “to choose.” The chosen; the best. Vocative: O best.
prādād (प्रादाद्): The core matches the root dā, “to give.”
bhāryāyai (भार्यायै): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
munisattamaḥ (मुनिसत्तमः): munisattamaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
dattvā (दत्त्वा): gives; From dā, “to give.” Gives; having given; given.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
varam (वरम्): best; From vṛ, “to choose.” The chosen; the best. Vocative: O best.
avyagraḥ (अव्यग्रः): a- (“not”) + vyagraḥ; a- (“not”) + vyagraḥ.
kaśyapas (कश्यपस्): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
tām (ताम्): tām is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
uvāca (उवाच): said; Perfect of vac, “to speak.” He said.
ha (ह): Enclitic of emphasis, often after a verb of saying; Enclitic of emphasis, often after a verb of saying.

शक्रं पुत्रो निहन्ता ते यदि गर्भं शरच्छतम्

śakraṃ putro nihantā te yadi garbhaṃ śaracchatam

[1.21.33ab] you if

Word make-up

śakraṃ (शक्रं): The core matches the root śak, “to be able.”
putro (पुत्रो): putro is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
nihantā (निहन्ता): The core matches the root han, “to strike.” ni- (“down, in”) + hantā.
te (ते): you; Enclitic of yuṣmad (“your / to you”) or nominative plural of tad (“they”). Sense follows the verse.
yadi (यदि): if; ya- + di: “if.”
garbhaṃ (गर्भं): garbhaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
śaracchatam (शरच्छतम्): śaracchatam is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

संध्यायां नैव भोक्तव्यं गर्भिण्या वरवर्णिनि

saṃdhyāyāṃ naiva bhoktavyaṃ garbhiṇyā varavarṇini

[1.21.33ab.60:1] not at all

Word make-up

saṃdhyāyāṃ (संध्यायां): The core matches the root yā, “to go.” saṃ- (“together”) + dhyāyāṃ.
naiva (नैव): not at all; na “not” + eva “just.”
bhoktavyaṃ (भोक्तव्यं): bhoktavyaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
garbhiṇyā (गर्भिण्या): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
varavarṇini (वरवर्णिनि): varavarṇini is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

न स्थातव्यं न भोक्तव्यं वृक्षमूलेषु सर्वदा

na sthātavyaṃ na bhoktavyaṃ vṛkṣamūleṣu sarvadā

[1.21.33ab.60:2] not not

Word make-up

na (न): not; Negation: “not.”
sthātavyaṃ (स्थातव्यं): The core matches the root sthā, “to stand.”
na (न): not; Negation: “not.”
bhoktavyaṃ (भोक्तव्यं): bhoktavyaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
vṛkṣamūleṣu (वृक्षमूलेषु): The core matches the root kṣam, “to endure.”
sarvadā (सर्वदा): The core matches the root vad, “to say.”

समाहितातिप्रयता शुचिनी धारयिष्यसि

samāhitātiprayatā śucinī dhārayiṣyasi

[1.21.33cd]

Word make-up

samāhitātiprayatā (समाहितातिप्रयता): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.” sam- (“together”) + āhitātiprayatā.
śucinī (शुचिनी): The core matches the root śuc, “to gleam, to be clean.”
dhārayiṣyasi (धारयिष्यसि): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.”

इत्य् एवम् उक्त्वा तां देवीं स गतः कश्यपो मुनिः दधार सा च तं गर्भं सम्यक् छौचसमन्विता

ity evam uktvā tāṃ devīṃ sa gataḥ kaśyapo muniḥ dadhāra sā ca taṃ garbhaṃ samyak chaucasamanvitā

[1.21.34] just having said he going silent thinker she and him rightly

Word make-up

ity (इत्य्): ity is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
evam (एवम्): just; Inflected from eva. Particle of restriction or emphasis: “only, just, indeed.”
uktvā (उक्त्वा): having said; Gerund of vac: “having said.”
tāṃ (तां): tāṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
devīṃ (देवीं): devīṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sa (स): he; Nominative singular masculine of tad: “he, that one.”
gataḥ (गतः): going; From gam / yā, “to go.” Goes; they go; having gone; gone; he goes.
kaśyapo (कश्यपो): kaśyapo is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
muniḥ (मुनिः): silent thinker; From man, “to think,” or maun “silence.” The thinker / the silent one.
dadhāra (दधार): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.”
sā (सा): she; Nominative feminine of tad: “she, that.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
taṃ (तं): him; Accusative masculine of tad: “him, that.”
garbhaṃ (गर्भं): garbhaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
samyak (सम्यक्): rightly; sam- + añc: “together-going, rightly, fully.”
chaucasamanvitā (छौचसमन्विता): The core matches the root man, “to think.”

गर्भम् आत्मवधार्थाय ज्ञात्वा तं मघवान् अपि शुश्रूषुस् ताम् अथागच्छद् विनयाद् अमराधिपः

garbham ātmavadhārthāya jñātvā taṃ maghavān api śuśrūṣus tām athāgacchad vinayād amarādhipaḥ

[1.21.35] knowing him also a- (“not”) + thāgacchad a- (“not”) + marādhipaḥ

Word make-up

garbham (गर्भम्): garbham is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ātmavadhārthāya (आत्मवधार्थाय): The core matches the root vad, “to say.” ā- (“unto, fully”) + tmavadhārthāya.
jñātvā (ज्ञात्वा): knowing; From jñā, “to know.” Having known; knows; to-be-known.
taṃ (तं): him; Accusative masculine of tad: “him, that.”
maghavān (मघवान्): maghavān is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
api (अपि): also; Particle: “also, even, though.”
śuśrūṣus (शुश्रूषुस्): śuśrūṣus is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tām (ताम्): tām is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
athāgacchad (अथागच्छद्): a- (“not”) + thāgacchad; a- (“not”) + thāgacchad.
vinayād (विनयाद्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + nayād.
amarādhipaḥ (अमराधिपः): a- (“not”) + marādhipaḥ; a- (“not”) + marādhipaḥ.

तस्याश् चैवान्तरप्रेप्सुर् अतिष्ठत् पाकशासनः ऊने वर्षशते चास्या ददर्शान्तरम् आत्मवान्

tasyāś caivāntaraprepsur atiṣṭhat pākaśāsanaḥ ūne varṣaśate cāsyā dadarśāntaram ātmavān

[1.21.36] ā- (“unto, fully”) + tmavān

Word make-up

tasyāś (तस्याश्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
caivāntaraprepsur (चैवान्तरप्रेप्सुर्): caivāntaraprepsur is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
atiṣṭhat (अतिष्ठत्): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.” ati- (“beyond”) + ṣṭhat.
pākaśāsanaḥ (पाकशासनः): The core matches the root śās, “to instruct.”
ūne (ऊने): ūne is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
varṣaśate (वर्षशते): varṣaśate is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
cāsyā (चास्या): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
dadarśāntaram (ददर्शान्तरम्): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
ātmavān (आत्मवान्): ā- (“unto, fully”) + tmavān; ā- (“unto, fully”) + tmavān.

अकृत्वा पादयोः शौचं दितिः शयनम् आविशत् निद्राम् आहारयाम् आस तस्याः कुक्षिं प्रविश्य सः

akṛtvā pādayoḥ śaucaṃ ditiḥ śayanam āviśat nidrām āhārayām āsa tasyāḥ kukṣiṃ praviśya saḥ

[1.21.37] not doing clean-ness ni- (“down, in”) + drām of that entering he

Word make-up

akṛtvā (अकृत्वा): not doing; a- (“not”) joined to kṛtvā. From kṛ, “to do, to make.” To do; having done; doing. Together the form means a + that sense.
pādayoḥ (पादयोः): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.”
śaucaṃ (शौचं): clean-ness; From śuc, “to gleam, to be clean.” Clean-ness.
ditiḥ (दितिः): ditiḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
śayanam (शयनम्): The core matches the root nam, “to bow.”
āviśat (आविशत्): The core matches the root viś, “to enter.” ā- (“unto, fully”) + viśat.
nidrām (निद्राम्): ni- (“down, in”) + drām; ni- (“down, in”) + drām.
āhārayām (आहारयाम्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.” ā- (“unto, fully”) + hārayām.
āsa (आस): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
tasyāḥ (तस्याः): of that; Inflected from tasya. Genitive of tad: “of that, his.”
kukṣiṃ (कुक्षिं): The core matches the root kṣi, “to dwell / to destroy.”
praviśya (प्रविश्य): entering; From viś, “to enter.” They enter; enters; having entered.
saḥ (सः): he; Nominative singular masculine of tad: “he, that one.”

वज्रपाणिर् महागर्भं तं चिच्छेदाथ सप्तधा स पाट्यमानो वज्रेण प्ररुरोदातिदारुणम्

vajrapāṇir mahāgarbhaṃ taṃ cicchedātha saptadhā sa pāṭyamāno vajreṇa prarurodātidāruṇam

[1.21.38] him he

Word make-up

vajrapāṇir (वज्रपाणिर्): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.”
mahāgarbhaṃ (महागर्भं): mahāgarbhaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
taṃ (तं): him; Accusative masculine of tad: “him, that.”
cicchedātha (चिच्छेदाथ): The core matches the root dā, “to give.”
saptadhā (सप्तधा): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.”
sa (स): he; Nominative singular masculine of tad: “he, that one.”
pāṭyamāno (पाट्यमानो): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.”
vajreṇa (वज्रेण): vajreṇa is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
prarurodātidāruṇam (प्ररुरोदातिदारुणम्): The core matches the root dā, “to give.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + rurodātidāruṇam.

मा रोदीर् इति तं शक्रः पुनः पुनर् अभाषत सो ऽभवत् सप्तधा गर्भस् तम् इन्द्रः कुपितः पुनः

mā rodīr iti taṃ śakraḥ punaḥ punar abhāṣata so 'bhavat saptadhā garbhas tam indraḥ kupitaḥ punaḥ

[1.21.39] me thus him again again a- (“not”) + bhāṣata him The shining king of gods again

Word make-up

mā (मा): me; Accusative of asmad: “me.”
rodīr (रोदीर्): rodīr is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
iti (इति): thus; Quotative particle: “thus” — closes speech or thought.
taṃ (तं): him; Accusative masculine of tad: “him, that.”
śakraḥ (शक्रः): The core matches the root śak, “to be able.”
punaḥ (पुनः): again; Adverb: “again, back.”
punar (पुनर्): again; Adverb: “again, back.”
abhāṣata (अभाषत): a- (“not”) + bhāṣata; a- (“not”) + bhāṣata.
so (सो): so is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
'bhavat (ऽभवत्): 'bhavat is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
saptadhā (सप्तधा): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.”
garbhas (गर्भस्): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
tam (तम्): him; Accusative masculine of tad: “him, that.”
indraḥ (इन्द्रः): The shining king of gods; indra: the shining chief of the gods; often from a root of drop/power. The shining king of gods.
kupitaḥ (कुपितः): kupitaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
punaḥ (पुनः): again; Adverb: “again, back.”

एकैकं सप्तधा चक्रे वज्रेणारिविदारिणा मरुतो नाम देवास् ते बभूवुर् अतिवेगिनः

ekaikaṃ saptadhā cakre vajreṇārividāriṇā maruto nāma devās te babhūvur ativeginaḥ

[1.21.40] name shining one you ati- (“beyond”) + veginaḥ

Word make-up

ekaikaṃ (एकैकं): ekaikaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
saptadhā (सप्तधा): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.”
cakre (चक्रे): cakre is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
vajreṇārividāriṇā (वज्रेणारिविदारिणा): The core matches the root vid, “to know / to find.”
maruto (मरुतो): maruto is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
nāma (नाम): name; nāman: name, from a root of bending/marking. The name.
devās (देवास्): shining one; From div, “to shine.” A shining one; a god as a shining being, not a generic “God.”
te (ते): you; Enclitic of yuṣmad (“your / to you”) or nominative plural of tad (“they”). Sense follows the verse.
babhūvur (बभूवुर्): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
ativeginaḥ (अतिवेगिनः): ati- (“beyond”) + veginaḥ; ati- (“beyond”) + veginaḥ.

यद् उक्तं वै मघवता तेनैव मरुतो ऽभवन् देवा एकोनपञ्चाशत् सहाया वज्रपाणिनः

yad uktaṃ vai maghavatā tenaiva maruto 'bhavan devā ekonapañcāśat sahāyā vajrapāṇinaḥ

[1.21.41] which said indeed shining one

Word make-up

yad (यद्): which; Neuter of yad: “which, what, that.” Relative stem ya-.
uktaṃ (उक्तं): said; Past participle of vac: said.
vai (वै): indeed; Particle of emphasis: “indeed.”
maghavatā (मघवता): maghavatā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tenaiva (तेनैव): tenaiva is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
maruto (मरुतो): maruto is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
'bhavan (ऽभवन्): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
devā (देवा): shining one; From div, “to shine.” A shining one; a god as a shining being, not a generic “God.”
ekonapañcāśat (एकोनपञ्चाशत्): ekonapañcāśat is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sahāyā (सहाया): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
vajrapāṇinaḥ (वज्रपाणिनः): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.”

Viṣṇu Purāṇa

Prathama Aṃśa, Ekaviṃśa Adhyāya

Devanagari scan