Word senses – Prathama Aṃśa, Ekonaviṃśa Adhyāya

acyuta name(अच्युत)

Unfallen; he who does not fall away

Inflected from acyuta. a- (“not”) + cyuta (cyu, “to fall, to drop”). Unfallen; he who does not fall away.

adhaḥ(अधः)

below

Indeclinable: “below.”

ādyaḥ(आद्यः)

ā- (“unto, fully”) + dyaḥ

ā- (“unto, fully”) + dyaḥ.

āhūya(आहूय)

ā- (“unto, fully”) + hūya

ā- (“unto, fully”) + hūya.

ājagāma(आजगाम)

ā- (“unto, fully”) + jagāma

ā- (“unto, fully”) + jagāma.

ananta(अनन्त)

without end

Inflected from ananta. a- + anta: without end.

antaḥ(अन्तः)

end

anta: end, edge, death as the end. The limit.

antar(अन्तर्)

inner

antar: inside, among. The inner.

anyathā(अन्यथा)

otherwise

anya + thā: “otherwise.”

asya(अस्य)

of this

Genitive of idam: “of this.”

atiśoṣaṇam(अतिशोषणम्)

ati- (“beyond”) + śoṣaṇam

ati- (“beyond”) + śoṣaṇam.

ātmā(आत्मा)

the self

ātman is the self. Related to an, “to breathe”: the breathing one, the inner self of a living being. Not a ghost-soul added from outside; it is the self.

ātman(आत्मन्)

the self

Inflected from ātman. ātman is the self. Related to an, “to breathe”: the breathing one, the inner self of a living being. Not a ghost-soul added from outside; it is the self.

atra(अत्र)

here

a- + tra: “in this place.” Here.

ayaṃ(अयं)

this

Masculine of idam: “this one.”

bāla(बाल)

childish

Inflected from bāla. bāla: young, not full-grown; then “childish” as not ripe in knowing.

bhagavān(भगवान्)

the Lord

bhaga (“share, portion, majesty,” from bhaj “to share”) + -vant “possessing.” One who has the share of majesty. The Lord as the one possessed of majesty, not a first name.

bhagavat(भगवत्)

the Lord

Inflected from bhagavat. bhaga (“share, portion, majesty,” from bhaj “to share”) + -vant “possessing.” One who has the share of majesty. The Lord as the one possessed of majesty, not a first name.

bhavān(भवान्)

you

Honorific “you” (from bhū, the becoming-one as polite you).

bījaṃ(बीजं)

seed

bīja: seed (what is to be born from).

bravīmi(ब्रवीमि)

I tell

From brū, “to speak.” I tell.

cintayati(चिन्तयति)

thinks

From cint, “to think.” Thinks.

dahati(दहति)

burns

From dah, “to burn.” Burns.

devā(देवा)

shining one

From div, “to shine.” A shining one; a god as a shining being, not a generic “God.”

duḥkhaṃ(दुःखं)

unease

dus- (“ill, hard”) + kha (“space, hole, axle-hole”). Ill-fitting; unease, pain. The opposite of sukha.

ekas(एकस्)

one

eka: one. The one, a single.

enaṃ(एनं)

him

Accusative of anaphoric ena-: “him, this one already in view.”

eṣa(एष)

this one

Masculine of etad: “this one.”

etad(एतद्)

this

Neuter of etad: “this here.” e- + tad.

etat(एतत्)

this

Neuter of etad: “this here.” e- + tad.

ete(एते)

these

Nominative plural of etad: “these.”

gata(गत)

going

Inflected from gata. From gam / yā, “to go.” Goes; they go; having gone; gone; he goes.

govinda name(गोविन्द)

A name of Kṛṣṇa

Inflected from govinda. go (“cow, cattle, earth, ray”) + vinda (vid, “to find”). Finder of cows; also finder of the earth. A name of Kṛṣṇa.

guṇāḥ(गुणाः)

strands

guṇa: strand, constituent thread of experience.

guruḥ(गुरुः)

the weighty one

guru: heavy, weighty. Then the weighty one, the teacher whose word has weight.

hṛdaya(हृदय)

heart

Inflected from hṛdaya. hṛd / hṛdaya: the heart as the inner place (not only the pump).

hṛdi(हृदि)

heart

hṛd / hṛdaya: the heart as the inner place (not only the pump).

icchāmi(इच्छामि)

I wish

From iṣ, “to wish.” I wish.

icchan(इच्छन्)

wishes

From iṣ, “to wish.” Wishes; wish.

idam(इदम्)

this

Neuter of idam: “this” (near).

idaṃ(इदं)

this

Neuter of idam: “this” (near).

jagat(जगत्)

the moving world

From gam, “to go” (intensive): that which keeps going, the moving world.

janārdanaḥ name(जनार्दनः)

A name of Kṛṣṇa

jana (“people,” jan “to be born”) + ardana (ard, “to agitate, to distress”). Agitator of people; or destroyer of the wicked among men. A name of Kṛṣṇa.

jāyate(जायते)

is born

From jan, “to be born.” Is born; born.

jñātvā(ज्ञात्वा)

knowing

From jñā, “to know.” Having known; knows; to-be-known.

kāla(काल)

time

Inflected from kāla. kāla: time; also “the dark, the calculating.” Time as what counts out and cuts off.

kālas(कालस्)

time

kāla: time; also “the dark, the calculating.” Time as what counts out and cuts off.

kāraṇam(कारणम्)

the causing

From kṛ: the causing; a cause as that which makes.

karmaṇā(कर्मणा)

action

Inflected karma, from kṛ, “to do.” Deeds; in the doing; of action.

katham(कथम्)

how

ka- + tham: “how?”

kathaṃ(कथं)

how

ka- + tham: “how?”

kathaya(कथय)

tell

Inflected from kathaya. From kath, “to tell.” Tell!; tells.

keśava name(केशव)

A name of Kṛṣṇa

Inflected from keśava. keśa (“hair”) + -va: having fine hair; or slayer of Keśin. A name of Kṛṣṇa.

kim(किम्)

what

Neuter interrogative: “what? why?”

kiṃ(किं)

what

Neuter interrogative: “what? why?”

kṛṣṇa(कृष्ण)

Vocative: O Kṛṣṇa

Inflected from kṛṣṇa. kṛṣṇa: dark, black. From kṛṣ, “to draw, to drag,” or as the dark colour. The dark one. Vocative: O Kṛṣṇa.

kutaḥ(कुतः)

from where

From ku- + tas: “from where? why?”

laghuḥ(लघुः)

light

laghu: light, quick.

lokās(लोकास्)

world

From lok, “to see”: a seen-world.

madhusūdana name(मधुसूदन)

A name of Kṛṣṇa

Inflected from madhusūdana. Madhu (a demon’s name) + sūdana (sūd, “to kill”). Slayer of Madhu. A name of Kṛṣṇa.

mahābāho(महाबाहो)

O great-armed

mahā “great” + bāhu “arm.” O great-armed one.

mahat(महत्)

great

mahat: great. From mah, “to be great.”

mahatī(महती)

great

Inflected from mahatī. mahat: great. From mah, “to be great.”

mana(मन)

mind

Inflected from mana. From man, “to think, to mind.” The thinking organ; mind as what thinks, not a ghost.

manasā(मनसा)

mind

Inflected from manasā. From man, “to think, to mind.” The thinking organ; mind as what thinks, not a ghost.

manyate(मन्यते)

thinks

From man, “to think.” Thinks; I think; thought.

mattaḥ(मत्तः)

from me

Ablative of asmad: from me.

māyā(माया)

measuring-out

Inflected from māyā. From mā, “to measure, to form.” The measuring-out, the making-appear. Not “illusion” as a cheap trick.

nama(नम)

a bow, salutation

Inflected from nama. From nam, “to bow.” A bow, salutation.

namaḥ(नमः)

a bow, salutation

From nam, “to bow.” A bow, salutation.

namas(नमस्)

a bow, salutation

From nam, “to bow.” A bow, salutation.

nara(नर)

a man

Inflected from nara. nara: a man, a human being (as mortal person).

nirvāṇam(निर्वाणम्)

blowing-out

nir- (“out”) + vā, “to blow.” A blowing-out (as a flame). Extinguishing of the burning.

niśāmaya(निशामय)

ni- (“down, in”) + śāmaya

ni- (“down, in”) + śāmaya.

nityaḥ(नित्यः)

continual

From ni- (“in, own”) + tya: what is in-dwelling, continual, one’s own as constant. Continually-there; not a calendar “eternal.”

oṃ(ओं)

The sounding-forth syllable

oṃ is the praṇava: pra-nu, “to sound forth.” The sounding-forth syllable.

pādau(पादौ)

foot

pāda: foot, quarter (pad, “to go”). caraṇa from car, “to move.”

pāpam(पापम्)

ill-deed

pāpa: evil, what is ill, a bad deed. Not a Christian “sin” imported whole.

paraḥ(परः)

beyond

para: beyond, further, other. As a neuter noun often “what is beyond.”

paraṃ(परं)

beyond

para: beyond, further, other. As a neuter noun often “what is beyond.”

parām(पराम्)

beyond

para: beyond, further, other. As a neuter noun often “what is beyond.”

pituḥ(पितुः)

father

pitṛ: father (the protector/nourisher).

prabho(प्रभो)

pra- (“forth, forward”) + bho

pra- (“forth, forward”) + bho.

prāha(प्राह)

spoken forth

pra-vac, “to speak forth.” Spoken forth; he has said forth.

prahlāda(प्रह्लाद)

pra- (“forth, forward”) + hlāda

pra- (“forth, forward”) + hlāda.

prahlādaḥ(प्रह्लादः)

pra- (“forth, forward”) + hlādaḥ

pra- (“forth, forward”) + hlādaḥ.

prahlāde(प्रह्लादे)

pra- (“forth, forward”) + hlāde

pra- (“forth, forward”) + hlāde.

prahlādena(प्रह्लादेन)

pra- (“forth, forward”) + hlādena

pra- (“forth, forward”) + hlādena.

prahlādo(प्रह्लादो)

pra- (“forth, forward”) + hlādo

pra- (“forth, forward”) + hlādo.

prāṇa(प्राण)

forward-breath

Inflected from prāṇa. pra- (“forth”) + an, “to breathe.” Forward-breath; the breath of life.

prāpyate(प्राप्यते)

reaching

pra- āp, “to reach, to obtain.” Having reached; reaches.

prathame(प्रथमे)

pra- (“forth, forward”) + thame

pra- (“forth, forward”) + thame.

pṛthak(पृथक्)

apart

Indeclinable: “apart, separately.”

punaḥ(पुनः)

again

Adverb: “again, back.”

puṇḍarīkākṣa name(पुण्डरीकाक्ष)

Lotus-eyed

puṇḍarīka (“lotus”) + akṣa (“eye”). Lotus-eyed.

puṇya(पुण्य)

merit

Inflected from puṇya. puṇya: auspicious, meritorious (from puṇ/pūṣ related “to thrive”). Merit as what thrives.

puruṣottama(पुरुषोत्तम)

upmost Person

puruṣa + uttama (ud-tama, upmost). O upmost Person.

rājña(राज्ञ)

king

Inflected from rājña. From rāj, “to shine, to rule.” The shining ruler; a king.

rūpam(रूपम्)

form

rūpa: form, outward shape (what is seen). Not “beauty” first.

rūpaṃ(रूपं)

form

rūpa: form, outward shape (what is seen). Not “beauty” first.

rūpāṇi(रूपाणि)

form

rūpa: form, outward shape (what is seen). Not “beauty” first.

sa(स)

he

Nominative singular masculine of tad: “he, that one.”

sā(सा)

she

Nominative feminine of tad: “she, that.”

sadā(सदा)

always

sa- + dā: “always, at every time.”

saḥ(सः)

he

Nominative singular masculine of tad: “he, that one.”

sahasram(सहस्रम्)

a thousand

sahasra: a thousand.

samadarśini(समदर्शिनि)

sam- (“together”) + adarśini

sam- (“together”) + adarśini.

samatve(समत्वे)

sam- (“together”) + atve

sam- (“together”) + atve.

saṃkṣayaṃ(संक्षयं)

saṃ- (“together”) + kṣayaṃ

saṃ- (“together”) + kṣayaṃ.

saṃśayaḥ(संशयः)

doubt

sam-śī, “to lie together (in two minds).” Doubt.

saṃśoṣakaṃ(संशोषकं)

saṃ- (“together”) + śoṣakaṃ

saṃ- (“together”) + śoṣakaṃ.

samutthāya(समुत्थाय)

sam- (“together”) + utthāya

sam- (“together”) + utthāya.

samyak(सम्यक्)

rightly

sam- + añc: “together-going, rightly, fully.”

sanātana(सनातन)

age-long

Inflected from sanātana. sanā + tana: stretching from of old; age-long.