Prathama Aṃśa, Aṣṭādaśa Adhyāya

इति श्रीविष्णुपुराणे प्रथमे ऽंशे सप्तदशो ऽध्यायः तस्यैतां दानवाश् चेष्टां दृष्ट्वा दैत्यपतेर् भयात् आचचक्षुः स चोवाच सूदान् आहूय सत्वरः

[[iti śrīviṣṇupurāṇe prathame 'ṃśe saptadaśo 'dhyāyaḥ ]] tasyaitāṃ dānavāś ceṣṭāṃ dṛṣṭvā daityapater bhayāt ācacakṣuḥ sa covāca sūdān āhūya satvaraḥ

[1.18.1] pra- (“forth, forward”) + thame seeing ā- (“unto, fully”) + cacakṣuḥ he ā- (“unto, fully”) + hūya

Word make-up

[[iti (इति): [[iti is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
śrīviṣṇupurāṇe (श्रीविष्णुपुराणे): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.”
prathame (प्रथमे): pra- (“forth, forward”) + thame; pra- (“forth, forward”) + thame.
'ṃśe (ऽंशे): 'ṃśe is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
saptadaśo (सप्तदशो): saptadaśo is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
'dhyāyaḥ (ऽध्यायः): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
]]: ]] is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tasyaitāṃ (तस्यैतां): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
dānavāś (दानवाश्): The core matches the root dā, “to give.”
ceṣṭāṃ (चेष्टां): ceṣṭāṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
dṛṣṭvā (दृष्ट्वा): seeing; From dṛś, “to see” (present paśya-). Sees; see!; I see; seeing; to see; having seen.
daityapater (दैत्यपतेर्): The core matches the root pat, “to fall.”
bhayāt (भयात्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
ācacakṣuḥ (आचचक्षुः): ā- (“unto, fully”) + cacakṣuḥ; ā- (“unto, fully”) + cacakṣuḥ.
sa (स): he; Nominative singular masculine of tad: “he, that one.”
covāca (चोवाच): covāca is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sūdān (सूदान्): The core matches the root dā, “to give.”
āhūya (आहूय): ā- (“unto, fully”) + hūya; ā- (“unto, fully”) + hūya.
satvaraḥ (सत्वरः): satvaraḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

हे सूदा मम पुत्रो ऽसाव् अन्येषाम् अपि दुर्मतिः कुमार्गदेशिको दुष्टो हन्यताम् अविलम्बितम्

he sūdā mama putro 'sāv anyeṣām api durmatiḥ kumārgadeśiko duṣṭo hanyatām avilambitam

[1.18.2] my not of whom also my a- (“not”) + vilambitam

Word make-up

he (हे): he is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sūdā (सूदा): The core matches the root dā, “to give.”
mama (मम): my; Genitive of asmad: “of me, my.”
putro (पुत्रो): putro is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
'sāv (ऽसाव्): 'sāv is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
anyeṣām (अन्येषाम्): not of whom; an- (“not,” before vowels) joined to yeṣām. Genitive plural of yad: “of whom.” Together the form means an + that sense.
api (अपि): also; Particle: “also, even, though.”
durmatiḥ (दुर्मतिः): my; dur- (“ill, hard”) joined to matiḥ. mad-/mat- from asmad, the “I” stem: my, of me, coming from me. Together the form means dur + that sense.
kumārgadeśiko (कुमार्गदेशिको): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
duṣṭo (दुष्टो): duṣṭo is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
hanyatām (हन्यताम्): The core matches the root han, “to strike.”
avilambitam (अविलम्बितम्): a- (“not”) + vilambitam; a- (“not”) + vilambitam.

हालाहलं विषं तस्य सर्वभक्ष्येषु दीयताम् अविज्ञातम् असौ पापो वध्यतां मा विचार्यताम्

hālāhalaṃ viṣaṃ tasya sarvabhakṣyeṣu dīyatām avijñātam asau pāpo vadhyatāṃ mā vicāryatām

[1.18.3] of that ill-deed me vi- (“apart, asunder”) + cāryatām

Word make-up

hālāhalaṃ (हालाहलं): hālāhalaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
viṣaṃ (विषं): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + ṣaṃ.
tasya (तस्य): of that; Genitive of tad: “of that, his.”
sarvabhakṣyeṣu (सर्वभक्ष्येषु): sarvabhakṣyeṣu is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
dīyatām (दीयताम्): dīyatām is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
avijñātam (अविज्ञातम्): The core matches the root jñā, “to know.” a- (“not”) + vijñātam.
asau (असौ): The core matches the root as, “to be.” a- (“not”) + sau.
pāpo (पापो): ill-deed; Inflected from pāpa. pāpa: evil, what is ill, a bad deed. Not a Christian “sin” imported whole.
vadhyatāṃ (वध्यतां): The core matches the root vad, “to say.”
mā (मा): me; Accusative of asmad: “me.”
vicāryatām (विचार्यताम्): vi- (“apart, asunder”) + cāryatām; vi- (“apart, asunder”) + cāryatām.

ते तथैव ततश् चक्रुः प्रह्लादाय महात्मने विषदानं यथाज्ञप्तं पित्रा तस्य महात्मनः

te tathaiva tataś cakruḥ prahlādāya mahātmane viṣadānaṃ yathājñaptaṃ pitrā tasya mahātmanaḥ

[1.18.4] you likewise of that

Word make-up

te (ते): you; Enclitic of yuṣmad (“your / to you”) or nominative plural of tad (“they”). Sense follows the verse.
tathaiva (तथैव): likewise; tathā + eva: just so, likewise.
tataś (ततश्): tataś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
cakruḥ (चक्रुः): cakruḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
prahlādāya (प्रह्लादाय): The core matches the root dā, “to give.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + hlādāya.
mahātmane (महात्मने): The core matches the root man, “to think.”
viṣadānaṃ (विषदानं): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + ṣadānaṃ.
yathājñaptaṃ (यथाज्ञप्तं): yathājñaptaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
pitrā (पित्रा): pitrā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tasya (तस्य): of that; Genitive of tad: “of that, his.”
mahātmanaḥ (महात्मनः): The core matches the root man, “to think.”

हालाहलं विषं घोरम् अनन्तोच्चारणेन सः अभिमन्त्र्य सहान्नेन मैत्रेय बुभुजे तदा

hālāhalaṃ viṣaṃ ghoram anantoccāraṇena saḥ abhimantrya sahānnena maitreya bubhuje tadā

[1.18.5] he then

Word make-up

hālāhalaṃ (हालाहलं): hālāhalaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
viṣaṃ (विषं): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + ṣaṃ.
ghoram (घोरम्): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
anantoccāraṇena (अनन्तोच्चारणेन): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.” a- (“not”) + nantoccāraṇena.
saḥ (सः): he; Nominative singular masculine of tad: “he, that one.”
abhimantrya (अभिमन्त्र्य): The core matches the root man, “to think.” abhi- (“toward, over, against”) + mantrya.
sahānnena (सहान्नेन): sahānnena is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
maitreya (मैत्रेय): maitreya is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
bubhuje (बुभुजे): The core matches the root hu, “to pour the offering.”
tadā (तदा): then; ta- + dā: “at that time, then.”

अविकारं स तद् भुक्त्वा प्रह्लादः स्वस्थमानसः अनन्तख्यातिनिर्वीर्यं जरयाम् आस दुर्विषम्

avikāraṃ sa tad bhuktvā prahlādaḥ svasthamānasaḥ anantakhyātinirvīryaṃ jarayām āsa durviṣam

[1.18.6] a- (“not”) + vikāraṃ he that pra- (“forth, forward”) + hlādaḥ

Word make-up

avikāraṃ (अविकारं): a- (“not”) + vikāraṃ; a- (“not”) + vikāraṃ.
sa (स): he; Nominative singular masculine of tad: “he, that one.”
tad (तद्): that; Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
bhuktvā (भुक्त्वा): The core matches the root hu, “to pour the offering.”
prahlādaḥ (प्रह्लादः): pra- (“forth, forward”) + hlādaḥ; pra- (“forth, forward”) + hlādaḥ.
svasthamānasaḥ (स्वस्थमानसः): The core matches the root vas, “to dwell.”
anantakhyātinirvīryaṃ (अनन्तख्यातिनिर्वीर्यं): The core matches the root yā, “to go.” a- (“not”) + nantakhyātinirvīryaṃ.
jarayām (जरयाम्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
āsa (आस): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
durviṣam (दुर्विषम्): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.” dur- (“ill, hard”) + viṣam.

ततः सूदा भयत्रस्ता जीर्णं दृष्ट्वा महाविषम् दैत्येश्वरम् उपागम्य प्रणिपत्येदम् अब्रुवन्

tataḥ sūdā bhayatrastā jīrṇaṃ dṛṣṭvā mahāviṣam daityeśvaram upāgamya praṇipatyedam abruvan

[1.18.7] then seeing

Word make-up

tataḥ (ततः): then; From tad + tas: “from that, then.”
sūdā (सूदा): The core matches the root dā, “to give.”
bhayatrastā (भयत्रस्ता): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
jīrṇaṃ (जीर्णं): jīrṇaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
dṛṣṭvā (दृष्ट्वा): seeing; From dṛś, “to see” (present paśya-). Sees; see!; I see; seeing; to see; having seen.
mahāviṣam (महाविषम्): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.”
daityeśvaram (दैत्येश्वरम्): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
upāgamya (उपागम्य): The core matches the root gam, “to go.”
praṇipatyedam (प्रणिपत्येदम्): The core matches the root pat, “to fall.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + ṇipatyedam.
abruvan (अब्रुवन्): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.” a- (“not”) + bruvan.

दैत्यराज विषं दत्तम् अस्माभिर् अतिभीषणम् जीर्णं तच् च सहान्नेन प्रह्लादेन सुतेन ते

daityarāja viṣaṃ dattam asmābhir atibhīṣaṇam jīrṇaṃ tac ca sahānnena prahlādena sutena te

[1.18.8] gives and pra- (“forth, forward”) + hlādena by that you

Word make-up

daityarāja (दैत्यराज): The core matches the root rāj, “to shine, to rule.”
viṣaṃ (विषं): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + ṣaṃ.
dattam (दत्तम्): gives; From dā, “to give.” Gives; having given; given.
asmābhir (अस्माभिर्): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.” a- (“not”) + smābhir.
atibhīṣaṇam (अतिभीषणम्): The core matches the root bhī, “to fear.” ati- (“beyond”) + bhīṣaṇam.
jīrṇaṃ (जीर्णं): jīrṇaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tac (तच्): tac is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
sahānnena (सहान्नेन): sahānnena is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
prahlādena (प्रह्लादेन): pra- (“forth, forward”) + hlādena; pra- (“forth, forward”) + hlādena.
sutena (सुतेन): by that; su- (“well, good”) joined to tena. Instrumental of tad: “by that.” Together the form means su + that sense.
te (ते): you; Enclitic of yuṣmad (“your / to you”) or nominative plural of tad (“they”). Sense follows the verse.

त्वर्यतां त्वर्यतां सद्यो हे हे दैत्यपुरोहिताः कृत्यां तस्य विनाशाय उत्पादयत मा चिरम्

tvaryatāṃ tvaryatāṃ sadyo he he daityapurohitāḥ kṛtyāṃ tasya vināśāya utpādayata mā ciram

[1.18.9] of that complete perishing me

Word make-up

tvaryatāṃ (त्वर्यतां): tvaryatāṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tvaryatāṃ (त्वर्यतां): tvaryatāṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sadyo (सद्यो): The core matches the root sad, “to sit.”
he (हे): he is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
he (हे): he is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
daityapurohitāḥ (दैत्यपुरोहिताः): daityapurohitāḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
kṛtyāṃ (कृत्यां): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
tasya (तस्य): of that; Genitive of tad: “of that, his.”
vināśāya (विनाशाय): complete perishing; Inflected from vināśa. vi- (“apart, fully”) + nāśa (naś, “to perish”). Complete perishing.
utpādayata (उत्पादयत): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.” ut- (“up, out”) + pādayata.
mā (मा): me; Accusative of asmad: “me.”
ciram (चिरम्): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”

सकाशम् आगम्य ततः प्रह्लादस्य पुरोहिताः सामपूर्वम् अथोचुस् ते प्रह्लादं विनयान्वितम्

sakāśam āgamya tataḥ prahlādasya purohitāḥ sāmapūrvam athocus te prahlādaṃ vinayānvitam

[1.18.10] then a- (“not”) + thocus you pra- (“forth, forward”) + hlādaṃ

Word make-up

sakāśam (सकाशम्): The core matches the root śam, “to be calm.”
āgamya (आगम्य): The core matches the root gam, “to go.” ā- (“unto, fully”) + gamya.
tataḥ (ततः): then; From tad + tas: “from that, then.”
prahlādasya (प्रह्लादस्य): The core matches the root as, “to be.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + hlādasya.
purohitāḥ (पुरोहिताः): purohitāḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sāmapūrvam (सामपूर्वम्): The core matches the root pū, “to purify.”
athocus (अथोचुस्): a- (“not”) + thocus; a- (“not”) + thocus.
te (ते): you; Enclitic of yuṣmad (“your / to you”) or nominative plural of tad (“they”). Sense follows the verse.
prahlādaṃ (प्रह्लादं): pra- (“forth, forward”) + hlādaṃ; pra- (“forth, forward”) + hlādaṃ.
vinayānvitam (विनयान्वितम्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + nayānvitam.

जातस् त्रैलोक्यविख्यात आयुष्मन् ब्रह्मणः कुले दैत्यराजस्य तनयो हिरण्यकशिपोर् भवान्

jātas trailokyavikhyāta āyuṣman brahmaṇaḥ kule daityarājasya tanayo hiraṇyakaśipor bhavān

[1.18.11] is born that-which-is-vast (brahman) you

Word make-up

jātas (जातस्): is born; From jan, “to be born.” Is born; born.
trailokyavikhyāta (त्रैलोक्यविख्यात): The core matches the root lok, “to see, to shine.”
āyuṣman (आयुष्मन्): The core matches the root man, “to think.” ā- (“unto, fully”) + yuṣman.
brahmaṇaḥ (ब्रह्मणः): that-which-is-vast (brahman); Neuter of brahman, from bṛh, “to grow, to swell, to be vast.” It names that which is vast — an entity, not a person. The creator god is a different word, Brahmā (masculine). A brāhmaṇa is a person of that class.
kule (कुले): kule is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
daityarājasya (दैत्यराजस्य): The core matches the root rāj, “to shine, to rule.”
tanayo (तनयो): The core matches the root tan, “to stretch.”
hiraṇyakaśipor (हिरण्यकशिपोर्): hiraṇyakaśipor is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
bhavān (भवान्): you; Honorific “you” (from bhū, the becoming-one as polite you).

किं दैवैः किम् अनन्तेन किम् अन्येन तवाश्रयः पिता समस्तलोकानां त्वं तथैव भविष्यसि

kiṃ daivaiḥ kim anantena kim anyena tavāśrayaḥ pitā samastalokānāṃ tvaṃ tathaiva bhaviṣyasi

[1.18.12] what what without end what another father you likewise

Word make-up

kiṃ (किं): what; Neuter interrogative: “what? why?”
daivaiḥ (दैवैः): daivaiḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
kim (किम्): what; Neuter interrogative: “what? why?”
anantena (अनन्तेन): without end; Inflected from ananta. a- + anta: without end.
kim (किम्): what; Neuter interrogative: “what? why?”
anyena (अन्येन): another; Inflected from anya. Nominative singular of anya: “another.”
tavāśrayaḥ (तवाश्रयः): tavāśrayaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
pitā (पिता): father; pitṛ: father (the protector/nourisher).
samastalokānāṃ (समस्तलोकानां): The core matches the root lok, “to see, to shine.” sam- (“together”) + astalokānāṃ.
tvaṃ (त्वं): you; Nominative of yuṣmad: “you.”
tathaiva (तथैव): likewise; tathā + eva: just so, likewise.
bhaviṣyasi (भविष्यसि): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.”

तस्मात् परित्यजैनां त्वं विपक्षस्तवसंहिताम् वाच्यः पिता समस्तानां गुरूणां परमो गुरुः

tasmāt parityajaināṃ tvaṃ vipakṣastavasaṃhitām vācyaḥ pitā samastānāṃ gurūṇāṃ paramo guruḥ

[1.18.13] therefore you father highest the weighty one

Word make-up

tasmāt (तस्मात्): therefore; Ablative of tad: “from that”; often “therefore.”
parityajaināṃ (परित्यजैनां): The core matches the root tyaj, “to leave.” pari- (“around”) + tyajaināṃ.
tvaṃ (त्वं): you; Nominative of yuṣmad: “you.”
vipakṣastavasaṃhitām (विपक्षस्तवसंहिताम्): The core matches the root vas, “to dwell.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + pakṣastavasaṃhitām.
vācyaḥ (वाच्यः): vācyaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
pitā (पिता): father; pitṛ: father (the protector/nourisher).
samastānāṃ (समस्तानां): The core matches the root as, “to be.” sam- (“together”) + astānāṃ.
gurūṇāṃ (गुरूणां): gurūṇāṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
paramo (परमो): highest; Superlative of para, “beyond, further.” The furthest, the highest.
guruḥ (गुरुः): the weighty one; guru: heavy, weighty. Then the weighty one, the teacher whose word has weight.

एवम् एतन् महाभागाः श्लाघ्यम् एतन् महाकुलम् मरीचेः सकले ऽप्य् अस्मिन् त्रैलोक्ये नान्यथा वदेत्

evam etan mahābhāgāḥ ślāghyam etan mahākulam marīceḥ sakale 'py asmin trailokye nānyathā vadet

[1.18.14] just in this

Word make-up

evam (एवम्): just; Inflected from eva. Particle of restriction or emphasis: “only, just, indeed.”
etan (एतन्): The core matches the root tan, “to stretch.”
mahābhāgāḥ (महाभागाः): mahābhāgāḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ślāghyam (श्लाघ्यम्): ślāghyam is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
etan (एतन्): The core matches the root tan, “to stretch.”
mahākulam (महाकुलम्): mahākulam is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
marīceḥ (मरीचेः): marīceḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sakale (सकले): sakale is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
'py (ऽप्य्): 'py is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
asmin (अस्मिन्): in this; Locative of idam: “in this.”
trailokye (त्रैलोक्ये): The core matches the root lok, “to see, to shine.”
nānyathā (नान्यथा): nānyathā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
vadet (वदेत्): The core matches the root vad, “to say.”

पिता च मम सर्वस्मिञ् जगत्य् उत्कृष्टचेष्टितः एतद् अप्य् अवगच्छामि सत्यम् अत्रापि नानृतम्

pitā ca mama sarvasmiñ jagaty utkṛṣṭaceṣṭitaḥ etad apy avagacchāmi satyam atrāpi nānṛtam

[1.18.15] father and my this ava- (“down, off”) + gacchāmi being-true

Word make-up

pitā (पिता): father; pitṛ: father (the protector/nourisher).
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
mama (मम): my; Genitive of asmad: “of me, my.”
sarvasmiñ (सर्वस्मिञ्): The core matches the root vas, “to dwell.”
jagaty (जगत्य्): jagaty is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
utkṛṣṭaceṣṭitaḥ (उत्कृष्टचेष्टितः): The core matches the root kṛṣ, “to drag, to plough.” ut- (“up, out”) + kṛṣṭaceṣṭitaḥ.
etad (एतद्): this; Neuter of etad: “this here.” e- + tad.
apy (अप्य्): apy is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
avagacchāmi (अवगच्छामि): ava- (“down, off”) + gacchāmi; ava- (“down, off”) + gacchāmi.
satyam (सत्यम्): being-true; From sat, “being” (as, “to be”). Being-true; what is as it is.
atrāpi (अत्रापि): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.” a- (“not”) + trāpi.
nānṛtam (नानृतम्): nānṛtam is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

गुरूणाम् अपि सर्वेषां पिता परमको गुरुः यद् उक्तं भ्रान्तिस् तत्रापि स्वल्पापि हि न विद्यते

gurūṇām api sarveṣāṃ pitā paramako guruḥ yad uktaṃ bhrāntis tatrāpi svalpāpi hi na vidyate

[1.18.16] also of all father the weighty one which said for not know

Word make-up

gurūṇām (गुरूणाम्): gurūṇām is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
api (अपि): also; Particle: “also, even, though.”
sarveṣāṃ (सर्वेषां): of all; Genitive plural of sarva: of all.
pitā (पिता): father; pitṛ: father (the protector/nourisher).
paramako (परमको): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
guruḥ (गुरुः): the weighty one; guru: heavy, weighty. Then the weighty one, the teacher whose word has weight.
yad (यद्): which; Neuter of yad: “which, what, that.” Relative stem ya-.
uktaṃ (उक्तं): said; Past participle of vac: said.
bhrāntis (भ्रान्तिस्): bhrāntis is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tatrāpi (तत्रापि): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.”
svalpāpi (स्वल्पापि): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.”
hi (हि): for; Particle: “for, because, indeed” — marks a reason or emphasis.
na (न): not; Negation: “not.”
vidyate (विद्यते): know; From vid, “to know” (vetti, viduḥ, viddhi) or “to be found” (vidyate). Knows; they know; is found; know!

पिता गुरुर् न संदेहः पूजनीयः प्रयत्नतः तत्रापि नापराध्यामीत्य् एवं मनसि मे स्थितम्

pitā gurur na saṃdehaḥ pūjanīyaḥ prayatnataḥ tatrāpi nāparādhyāmīty evaṃ manasi me sthitam

[1.18.17] father not the body pra- (“forth, forward”) + yatnataḥ just mind my standing

Word make-up

pitā (पिता): father; pitṛ: father (the protector/nourisher).
gurur (गुरुर्): gurur is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
na (न): not; Negation: “not.”
saṃdehaḥ (संदेहः): the body; saṃ- (“together”) joined to dehaḥ. From dih, “to smear, to plaster.” The plastered thing: the formed body. Together the form means saṃ + that sense.
pūjanīyaḥ (पूजनीयः): The core matches the root pūj, “to honour.”
prayatnataḥ (प्रयत्नतः): pra- (“forth, forward”) + yatnataḥ; pra- (“forth, forward”) + yatnataḥ.
tatrāpi (तत्रापि): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.”
nāparādhyāmīty (नापराध्यामीत्य्): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.”
evaṃ (एवं): just; Inflected from eva. Particle of restriction or emphasis: “only, just, indeed.”
manasi (मनसि): mind; From man, “to think, to mind.” The thinking organ; mind as what thinks, not a ghost.
me (मे): my; Enclitic of asmad: “my / to me / by me,” from the stem asmad “I.”
sthitam (स्थितम्): standing; Inflected from sthita. From sthā, “to stand.” Standing-place; stood; having stood; stands.

यत् त्व् एतत् किम् अनन्तेनेत्य् उक्तं युष्माभिर् ईदृशम् को ब्रवीति यथायुक्तं किं तु नैतद् वचो ऽर्थवत्

yat tv etat kim anantenety uktaṃ yuṣmābhir īdṛśam ko bravīti yathāyuktaṃ kiṃ tu naitad vaco 'rthavat

[1.18.18] which this what said what but

Word make-up

yat (यत्): which; Neuter of yad: “which, what, that.” Relative stem ya-.
tv (त्व्): tv is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
etat (एतत्): this; Neuter of etad: “this here.” e- + tad.
kim (किम्): what; Neuter interrogative: “what? why?”
anantenety (अनन्तेनेत्य्): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.” a- (“not”) + nantenety.
uktaṃ (उक्तं): said; Past participle of vac: said.
yuṣmābhir (युष्माभिर्): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
īdṛśam (ईदृशम्): The core matches the root śam, “to be calm.”
ko (को): ko is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
bravīti (ब्रवीति): bravīti is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
yathāyuktaṃ (यथायुक्तं): yathāyuktaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
kiṃ (किं): what; Neuter interrogative: “what? why?”
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
naitad (नैतद्): naitad is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
vaco (वचो): The core matches the root vac, “to speak.”
'rthavat (ऽर्थवत्): 'rthavat is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

इत्य् उक्त्वा सो ऽभवन् मौनी तेषां गौरवयन्त्रितः प्रहस्य च पुनः प्राह किम् अनन्तेन साध्व् इति

ity uktvā so 'bhavan maunī teṣāṃ gauravayantritaḥ prahasya ca punaḥ prāha kim anantena sādhv iti

[1.18.19] having said of them and again spoken forth what without end thus

Word make-up

ity (इत्य्): ity is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
uktvā (उक्त्वा): having said; Gerund of vac: “having said.”
so (सो): so is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
'bhavan (ऽभवन्): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
maunī (मौनी): The core matches the root nī, “to lead.”
teṣāṃ (तेषां): of them; Genitive plural of tad: “of them.”
gauravayantritaḥ (गौरवयन्त्रितः): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
prahasya (प्रहस्य): The core matches the root as, “to be.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + hasya.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
punaḥ (पुनः): again; Adverb: “again, back.”
prāha (प्राह): spoken forth; pra-vac, “to speak forth.” Spoken forth; he has said forth.
kim (किम्): what; Neuter interrogative: “what? why?”
anantena (अनन्तेन): without end; Inflected from ananta. a- + anta: without end.
sādhv (साध्व्): sādhv is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
iti (इति): thus; Quotative particle: “thus” — closes speech or thought.

साधु भोः किम् अनन्तेन साधु भो गुरवो मम श्रूयतां यद् अनन्तेन यदि खेदं न यास्यथ

sādhu bhoḥ kim anantena sādhu bho guravo mama śrūyatāṃ yad anantena yadi khedaṃ na yāsyatha

[1.18.20] straight-good what without end straight-good my which without end if not

Word make-up

sādhu (साधु): straight-good; From sādh, “to succeed, to go straight.” Straight, good, a good man.
bhoḥ (भोः): bhoḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
kim (किम्): what; Neuter interrogative: “what? why?”
anantena (अनन्तेन): without end; Inflected from ananta. a- + anta: without end.
sādhu (साधु): straight-good; From sādh, “to succeed, to go straight.” Straight, good, a good man.
bho (भो): bho is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
guravo (गुरवो): guravo is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
mama (मम): my; Genitive of asmad: “of me, my.”
śrūyatāṃ (श्रूयतां): śrūyatāṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
yad (यद्): which; Neuter of yad: “which, what, that.” Relative stem ya-.
anantena (अनन्तेन): without end; Inflected from ananta. a- + anta: without end.
yadi (यदि): if; ya- + di: “if.”
khedaṃ (खेदं): khedaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
na (न): not; Negation: “not.”
yāsyatha (यास्यथ): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”

धर्मार्थकाममोक्षाख्यः पुरुषार्थ उदाहृतः चतुष्टयम् इदं यस्मात् तस्मात् किं किम् इदं वृथा

dharmārthakāmamokṣākhyaḥ puruṣārtha udāhṛtaḥ catuṣṭayam idaṃ yasmāt tasmāt kiṃ kim idaṃ vṛthā

[1.18.21] this because therefore what what this

Word make-up

dharmārthakāmamokṣākhyaḥ (धर्मार्थकाममोक्षाख्यः): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
puruṣārtha (पुरुषार्थ): puruṣārtha is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
udāhṛtaḥ (उदाहृतः): The core matches the root hṛ, “to take.” ud- (“up, out”) + āhṛtaḥ.
catuṣṭayam (चतुष्टयम्): catuṣṭayam is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
idaṃ (इदं): this; Neuter of idam: “this” (near).
yasmāt (यस्मात्): because; Ablative of yad: “from which”; often “because.”
tasmāt (तस्मात्): therefore; Ablative of tad: “from that”; often “therefore.”
kiṃ (किं): what; Neuter interrogative: “what? why?”
kim (किम्): what; Neuter interrogative: “what? why?”
idaṃ (इदं): this; Neuter of idam: “this” (near).
vṛthā (वृथा): The core matches the root vṛt, “to turn.”

मरीचिमिश्रैर् दक्षेण तथैवान्यैर् अनन्ततः धर्मः प्राप्तस् तथैवान्यैर् अर्थः कामस् तथापरैः

marīcimiśrair dakṣeṇa tathaivānyair anantataḥ dharmaḥ prāptas tathaivānyair arthaḥ kāmas tathāparaiḥ

[1.18.22] that which holds aim desire

Word make-up

marīcimiśrair (मरीचिमिश्रैर्): marīcimiśrair is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
dakṣeṇa (दक्षेण): dakṣeṇa is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tathaivānyair (तथैवान्यैर्): tathaivānyair is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
anantataḥ (अनन्ततः): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.” a- (“not”) + nantataḥ.
dharmaḥ (धर्मः): that which holds; From dhṛ, “to hold, to uphold.” That which holds, the holding: law, right, the way a thing is held in place. Not a one-word “religion.”
prāptas (प्राप्तस्): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.”
tathaivānyair (तथैवान्यैर्): tathaivānyair is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
arthaḥ (अर्थः): aim; artha: aim, meaning, wealth as what is sought. From a root of going-toward. That-for-which.
kāmas (कामस्): desire; From kam, “to wish, to desire.” Wish; desire. Not only sexual desire.
tathāparaiḥ (तथापरैः): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.”

तत्तत्त्ववेदिनो भूत्वा ज्ञानध्यानसमाधिभिः अवापुर् मुक्तिम् अपरे पुरुषा ध्वस्तबन्धनाः

tattattvavedino bhūtvā jñānadhyānasamādhibhiḥ avāpur muktim apare puruṣā dhvastabandhanāḥ

[1.18.23] having come to be others the Person

Word make-up

tattattvavedino (तत्तत्त्ववेदिनो): tattattvavedino is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
bhūtvā (भूत्वा): having come to be; Gerund of bhū: “having come to be.”
jñānadhyānasamādhibhiḥ (ज्ञानध्यानसमाधिभिः): The core matches the root jñā, “to know.”
avāpur (अवापुर्): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.” a- (“not”) + vāpur.
muktim (मुक्तिम्): muktim is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
apare (अपरे): others; Nominative plural of apara: “others, the further ones.” a-para, “not the near.”
puruṣā (पुरुषा): the Person; Inflected from puruṣa. Often analysed as pūr “filling” or pur “citadel” + śī “to lie”: the one who lies in the stronghold (the body). The Person, as against prakṛti the making-forth.
dhvastabandhanāḥ (ध्वस्तबन्धनाः): The core matches the root bandh, “to bind.”

संपदैश्वर्यमाहात्म्यज्ञानसंततिकर्मणाम् विमुक्तेश् चैकतो लभ्यं मूलम् आराधनं हरेः

saṃpadaiśvaryamāhātmyajñānasaṃtatikarmaṇām vimukteś caikato labhyaṃ mūlam ārādhanaṃ hareḥ

[1.18.24] vi- (“apart, asunder”) + mukteś

Word make-up

saṃpadaiśvaryamāhātmyajñānasaṃtatikarmaṇām (संपदैश्वर्यमाहात्म्यज्ञानसंततिकर्मणाम्): The core matches the root yaj, “to offer.” saṃ- (“together”) + padaiśvaryamāhātmyajñānasaṃtatikarmaṇām.
vimukteś (विमुक्तेश्): vi- (“apart, asunder”) + mukteś; vi- (“apart, asunder”) + mukteś.
caikato (चैकतो): caikato is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
labhyaṃ (लभ्यं): The core matches the root labh, “to obtain.”
mūlam (मूलम्): mūlam is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ārādhanaṃ (आराधनं): The core matches the root han, “to strike.” ā- (“unto, fully”) + rādhanaṃ.
hareḥ (हरेः): hareḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

यतो धर्मार्थकामाख्यं विमुक्तिश् च फलं द्विजाः तेनापि हि किम् इत्य् एवम् अनन्तेन किम् उच्यते

yato dharmārthakāmākhyaṃ vimuktiś ca phalaṃ dvijāḥ tenāpi hi kim ity evam anantena kim ucyate

[1.18.25] which vi- (“apart, asunder”) + muktiś and fruit twice-born for what just without end what is called

Word make-up

yato (यतो): which; Inflected from yat. Neuter of yad: “which, what, that.” Relative stem ya-.
dharmārthakāmākhyaṃ (धर्मार्थकामाख्यं): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
vimuktiś (विमुक्तिश्): vi- (“apart, asunder”) + muktiś; vi- (“apart, asunder”) + muktiś.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
phalaṃ (फलं): fruit; Fruit; the produce of a deed (from a root of bursting/ripening). Result as fruit, not a score.
dvijāḥ (द्विजाः): twice-born; Inflected from dvija. dvi-ja “twice-born.” dvija-uttama: upmost of the twice-born.
tenāpi (तेनापि): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.”
hi (हि): for; Particle: “for, because, indeed” — marks a reason or emphasis.
kim (किम्): what; Neuter interrogative: “what? why?”
ity (इत्य्): ity is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
evam (एवम्): just; Inflected from eva. Particle of restriction or emphasis: “only, just, indeed.”
anantena (अनन्तेन): without end; Inflected from ananta. a- + anta: without end.
kim (किम्): what; Neuter interrogative: “what? why?”
ucyate (उच्यते): is called; Passive of vac, “to speak.” It is said; it is called.

किं वात्र बहुनोक्तेन भवन्तो गुरवो मम वदन्तु साधु वासाधु विवेको ऽस्माकम् अल्पकः

kiṃ vātra bahunoktena bhavanto guravo mama vadantu sādhu vāsādhu viveko 'smākam alpakaḥ

[1.18.26] what my straight-good sifting-apart a- (“not”) + lpakaḥ

Word make-up

kiṃ (किं): what; Neuter interrogative: “what? why?”
vātra (वात्र): vātra is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
bahunoktena (बहुनोक्तेन): The core matches the root hu, “to pour the offering.”
bhavanto (भवन्तो): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
guravo (गुरवो): guravo is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
mama (मम): my; Genitive of asmad: “of me, my.”
vadantu (वदन्तु): The core matches the root vad, “to say.”
sādhu (साधु): straight-good; From sādh, “to succeed, to go straight.” Straight, good, a good man.
vāsādhu (वासाधु): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
viveko (विवेको): sifting-apart; vi- + vic, “to separate, to sift.” Sifting-apart; discernment as separation.
'smākam (ऽस्माकम्): The core matches the root kam, “to desire.”
alpakaḥ (अल्पकः): a- (“not”) + lpakaḥ; a- (“not”) + lpakaḥ.

बहुनात्र किम् उक्तेन स एव जगतः पतिः

bahunātra kim uktena sa eva jagataḥ patiḥ

[1.18.26.56:1] what said he just the moving world

Word make-up

bahunātra (बहुनात्र): The core matches the root hu, “to pour the offering.”
kim (किम्): what; Neuter interrogative: “what? why?”
uktena (उक्तेन): said; Inflected from ukta. Past participle of vac: said.
sa (स): he; Nominative singular masculine of tad: “he, that one.”
eva (एव): just; Particle of restriction or emphasis: “only, just, indeed.”
jagataḥ (जगतः): the moving world; From gam, “to go” (intensive): that which keeps going, the moving world.
patiḥ (पतिः): The core matches the root pat, “to fall.”

स कर्ता च विकर्ता च संहर्ता च हृदि स्थितः

sa kartā ca vikartā ca saṃhartā ca hṛdi sthitaḥ

[1.18.26.56:2] he the doer and the doer and saṃ- (“together”) + hartā and heart standing

Word make-up

sa (स): he; Nominative singular masculine of tad: “he, that one.”
kartā (कर्ता): the doer; Agent noun from kṛ, “to do.” The doer.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
vikartā (विकर्ता): the doer; vi- (“apart, asunder”) joined to kartā. Agent noun from kṛ, “to do.” The doer. Together the form means vi + that sense.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
saṃhartā (संहर्ता): saṃ- (“together”) + hartā; saṃ- (“together”) + hartā.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
hṛdi (हृदि): heart; hṛd / hṛdaya: the heart as the inner place (not only the pump).
sthitaḥ (स्थितः): standing; From sthā, “to stand.” Standing-place; stood; having stood; stands.

स भोक्ता भोज्यम् अप्य् एवं स एव जगदीश्वरः

sa bhoktā bhojyam apy evaṃ sa eva jagadīśvaraḥ

[1.18.26.56:3] he just he just

Word make-up

sa (स): he; Nominative singular masculine of tad: “he, that one.”
bhoktā (भोक्ता): bhoktā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
bhojyam (भोज्यम्): bhojyam is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
apy (अप्य्): apy is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
evaṃ (एवं): just; Inflected from eva. Particle of restriction or emphasis: “only, just, indeed.”
sa (स): he; Nominative singular masculine of tad: “he, that one.”
eva (एव): just; Particle of restriction or emphasis: “only, just, indeed.”
jagadīśvaraḥ (जगदीश्वरः): jagadīśvaraḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

भवद्भिर् एतत् क्षन्तव्यं बाल्याद् उक्तं तु यन् मया

bhavadbhir etat kṣantavyaṃ bālyād uktaṃ tu yan mayā

[1.18.26.56:4] this said but by me

Word make-up

bhavadbhir (भवद्भिर्): The core matches the root vad, “to say.”
etat (एतत्): this; Neuter of etad: “this here.” e- + tad.
kṣantavyaṃ (क्षन्तव्यं): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
bālyād (बाल्याद्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
uktaṃ (उक्तं): said; Past participle of vac: said.
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
yan (यन्): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
mayā (मया): by me; Instrumental of asmad: “by me.”

दह्यमानस् त्वम् अस्माभिर् अग्निना बाल रक्षितः भूयो न वक्ष्यसीत्य् एवं नैवं ज्ञातो ऽस्य् अबुद्धिमान्

dahyamānas tvam asmābhir agninā bāla rakṣitaḥ bhūyo na vakṣyasīty evaṃ naivaṃ jñāto 'sy abuddhimān

[1.18.27] you a- (“not”) + gninā childish again not just not at all not the waking-faculty

Word make-up

dahyamānas (दह्यमानस्): The core matches the root dah, “to burn.”
tvam (त्वम्): you; Nominative of yuṣmad: “you.”
asmābhir (अस्माभिर्): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.” a- (“not”) + smābhir.
agninā (अग्निना): a- (“not”) + gninā; a- (“not”) + gninā.
bāla (बाल): childish; bāla: young, not full-grown; then “childish” as not ripe in knowing.
rakṣitaḥ (रक्षितः): The core matches the root kṣi, “to dwell / to destroy.”
bhūyo (भूयो): again; Inflected from bhūya. Comparative of bahu / from bhū: “more, again.”
na (न): not; Negation: “not.”
vakṣyasīty (वक्ष्यसीत्य्): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
evaṃ (एवं): just; Inflected from eva. Particle of restriction or emphasis: “only, just, indeed.”
naivaṃ (नैवं): not at all; Inflected from naiva. na “not” + eva “just.”
jñāto (ज्ञातो): The core matches the root jñā, “to know.”
'sy (ऽस्य्): 'sy is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
abuddhimān (अबुद्धिमान्): not the waking-faculty; a- (“not”) joined to buddhimān. From budh, “to wake, to be awake to.” The waking-faculty; discernment. Not a IQ-word “intelligence.” Together the form means a + that sense.

यद्य् अस्मद्वचनान् मोहग्राहं न त्यक्ष्यते भवान् ततः कृत्यां विनाशाय तव सृक्ष्याम दुर्मते

yady asmadvacanān mohagrāhaṃ na tyakṣyate bhavān tataḥ kṛtyāṃ vināśāya tava sṛkṣyāma durmate

[1.18.28] not you then complete perishing your my

Word make-up

yady (यद्य्): yady is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
asmadvacanān (अस्मद्वचनान्): The core matches the root vac, “to speak.” a- (“not”) + smadvacanān.
mohagrāhaṃ (मोहग्राहं): mohagrāhaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
na (न): not; Negation: “not.”
tyakṣyate (त्यक्ष्यते): tyakṣyate is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
bhavān (भवान्): you; Honorific “you” (from bhū, the becoming-one as polite you).
tataḥ (ततः): then; From tad + tas: “from that, then.”
kṛtyāṃ (कृत्यां): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
vināśāya (विनाशाय): complete perishing; Inflected from vināśa. vi- (“apart, fully”) + nāśa (naś, “to perish”). Complete perishing.
tava (तव): your; Genitive of yuṣmad: “your.”
sṛkṣyāma (सृक्ष्याम): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
durmate (दुर्मते): my; dur- (“ill, hard”) joined to mate. mad-/mat- from asmad, the “I” stem: my, of me, coming from me. Together the form means dur + that sense.

कः केन रक्ष्यते जन्तुर् जन्तुः कः केन हन्यते हन्ति रक्षति चैवात्मा जगत् सर्वं चराचरम्

kaḥ kena rakṣyate jantur jantuḥ kaḥ kena hanyate hanti rakṣati caivātmā jagat sarvaṃ carācaram

[1.18.29] who who striking striking the moving world all

Word make-up

kaḥ (कः): who; Nominative of kim: “who?” Interrogative stem ka-.
kena (केन): kena is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
rakṣyate (रक्ष्यते): rakṣyate is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
jantur (जन्तुर्): The core matches the root jan, “to be born.”
jantuḥ (जन्तुः): The core matches the root jan, “to be born.”
kaḥ (कः): who; Nominative of kim: “who?” Interrogative stem ka-.
kena (केन): kena is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
hanyate (हन्यते): striking; From han, “to strike, to slay.” Strikes; is struck; to slay; having slain.
hanti (हन्ति): striking; From han, “to strike, to slay.” Strikes; is struck; to slay; having slain.
rakṣati (रक्षति): rakṣati is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
caivātmā (चैवात्मा): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
jagat (जगत्): the moving world; From gam, “to go” (intensive): that which keeps going, the moving world.
sarvaṃ (सर्वं): all; sarva: whole, all. The entire, not a leftover.
carācaram (चराचरम्): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”

कर्मणा जायते सर्वं कर्मैव गतिसाधनम्

karmaṇā jāyate sarvaṃ karmaiva gatisādhanam

[1.18.29.57:1] action is born all

Word make-up

karmaṇā (कर्मणा): action; Inflected karma, from kṛ, “to do.” Deeds; in the doing; of action.
jāyate (जायते): is born; From jan, “to be born.” Is born; born.
sarvaṃ (सर्वं): all; sarva: whole, all. The entire, not a leftover.
karmaiva (कर्मैव): karmaiva is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
gatisādhanam (गतिसाधनम्): The core matches the root nam, “to bow.”

तस्मात् सर्वप्रयत्नेन साधु कर्म समाचरेत्

tasmāt sarvaprayatnena sādhu karma samācaret

[1.18.29.57:2] therefore straight-good action

Word make-up

tasmāt (तस्मात्): therefore; Ablative of tad: “from that”; often “therefore.”
sarvaprayatnena (सर्वप्रयत्नेन): sarvaprayatnena is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sādhu (साधु): straight-good; From sādh, “to succeed, to go straight.” Straight, good, a good man.
karma (कर्म): action; From kṛ, “to do, to make.” The deed, the doing. Not “fate” and not “ritual” unless the verse is about offering.
samācaret (समाचरेत्): The core matches the root car, “to move.” sam- (“together”) + ācaret.

इत्य् उक्तास् तेन ते क्रुद्धा दैत्यराजपुरोहिताः कृत्याम् उत्पादयाम् आसुर् ज्वालामालोज्ज्वलाननाम्

ity uktās tena te kruddhā daityarājapurohitāḥ kṛtyām utpādayām āsur jvālāmālojjvalānanām

[1.18.30] by that you

Word make-up

ity (इत्य्): ity is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
uktās (उक्तास्): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
tena (तेन): by that; Instrumental of tad: “by that.”
te (ते): you; Enclitic of yuṣmad (“your / to you”) or nominative plural of tad (“they”). Sense follows the verse.
kruddhā (क्रुद्धा): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.”
daityarājapurohitāḥ (दैत्यराजपुरोहिताः): The core matches the root rāj, “to shine, to rule.”
kṛtyām (कृत्याम्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
utpādayām (उत्पादयाम्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.” ut- (“up, out”) + pādayām.
āsur (आसुर्): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.” ā- (“unto, fully”) + sur.
jvālāmālojjvalānanām (ज्वालामालोज्ज्वलाननाम्): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”

अतिभीमा समागम्य पादन्यासक्षतक्षितिः शूलेन सा सुसंक्रुद्धा तं जघानाथ वक्षसि

atibhīmā samāgamya pādanyāsakṣatakṣitiḥ śūlena sā susaṃkruddhā taṃ jaghānātha vakṣasi

[1.18.31] Together the form means ati + that sense she him

Word make-up

atibhīmā (अतिभीमा): Together the form means ati + that sense; ati- (“beyond”) joined to bhīmā. From bhī, “to fear.” The fearful, the terrible. The Pāṇḍava Bhīma. Together the form means ati + that sense.
samāgamya (समागम्य): The core matches the root gam, “to go.” sam- (“together”) + āgamya.
pādanyāsakṣatakṣitiḥ (पादन्यासक्षतक्षितिः): The core matches the root kṣi, “to dwell / to destroy.”
śūlena (शूलेन): śūlena is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sā (सा): she; Nominative feminine of tad: “she, that.”
susaṃkruddhā (सुसंक्रुद्धा): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.” su- (“well, good”) + saṃkruddhā.
taṃ (तं): him; Accusative masculine of tad: “him, that.”
jaghānātha (जघानाथ): jaghānātha is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
vakṣasi (वक्षसि): The core matches the root as, “to be.”

तत् तस्य हृदयं प्राप्य शूलं बालस्य दीप्तिमत् जगाम खण्डितं भूमौ तत्रापि शतधाभवत्

tat tasya hṛdayaṃ prāpya śūlaṃ bālasya dīptimat jagāma khaṇḍitaṃ bhūmau tatrāpi śatadhābhavat

[1.18.32] that of that heart reaching childish

Word make-up

tat (तत्): that; Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
tasya (तस्य): of that; Genitive of tad: “of that, his.”
hṛdayaṃ (हृदयं): heart; hṛd / hṛdaya: the heart as the inner place (not only the pump).
prāpya (प्राप्य): reaching; pra- āp, “to reach, to obtain.” Having reached; reaches.
śūlaṃ (शूलं): śūlaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
bālasya (बालस्य): childish; Inflected from bāla. bāla: young, not full-grown; then “childish” as not ripe in knowing.
dīptimat (दीप्तिमत्): The core matches the root dīp, “to shine.”
jagāma (जगाम): jagāma is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
khaṇḍitaṃ (खण्डितं): khaṇḍitaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
bhūmau (भूमौ): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
tatrāpi (तत्रापि): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.”
śatadhābhavat (शतधाभवत्): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.”

यत्रानपायी भगवान् हृद्य् आस्ते हरिर् ईश्वरः भङ्गो भवति वज्रस्य तत्र शूलस्य का कथा

yatrānapāyī bhagavān hṛdy āste harir īśvaraḥ bhaṅgo bhavati vajrasya tatra śūlasya kā kathā

[1.18.33] the Lord the capable ruler it comes to be there

Word make-up

yatrānapāyī (यत्रानपायी): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.”
bhagavān (भगवान्): the Lord; bhaga (“share, portion, majesty,” from bhaj “to share”) + -vant “possessing.” One who has the share of majesty. The Lord as the one possessed of majesty, not a first name.
hṛdy (हृद्य्): The core matches the root hṛ, “to take.”
āste (आस्ते): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.” ā- (“unto, fully”) + ste.
harir (हरिर्): harir is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
īśvaraḥ (ईश्वरः): the capable ruler; From īś, “to own, to be able, to rule” + vara (“choice, capable”). The capable ruler; the owner.
bhaṅgo (भङ्गो): bhaṅgo is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
bhavati (भवति): it comes to be; Present of bhū, “to be, to come to be.” It comes to be; it is.
vajrasya (वज्रस्य): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
tatra (तत्र): there; ta- + tra: “in that place, there.”
śūlasya (शूलस्य): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
kā (का): kā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
kathā (कथा): kathā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

अपापे तत्र पापैश् च पातिता दैत्ययाजकैः तान् एव सा जघानाशु कृत्या नाशं जगाम च

apāpe tatra pāpaiś ca pātitā daityayājakaiḥ tān eva sā jaghānāśu kṛtyā nāśaṃ jagāma ca

[1.18.34] not ill-deed there and them just she perishing and

Word make-up

apāpe (अपापे): not ill-deed; a- (“not”) joined to pāpe. pāpa: evil, what is ill, a bad deed. Not a Christian “sin” imported whole. Together the form means a + that sense.
tatra (तत्र): there; ta- + tra: “in that place, there.”
pāpaiś (पापैश्): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
pātitā (पातिता): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.”
daityayājakaiḥ (दैत्ययाजकैः): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
tān (तान्): them; Accusative plural of tad: “them.”
eva (एव): just; Particle of restriction or emphasis: “only, just, indeed.”
sā (सा): she; Nominative feminine of tad: “she, that.”
jaghānāśu (जघानाशु): jaghānāśu is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
kṛtyā (कृत्या): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
nāśaṃ (नाशं): perishing; From naś, “to be lost, to perish.” Loss; perishing.
jagāma (जगाम): jagāma is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”

कृत्यया दह्यमानांस् तान् विलोक्य स महामतिः त्राहि कृष्णेत्य् अनन्तेति वदन्न् अभ्यवपद्यत

kṛtyayā dahyamānāṃs tān vilokya sa mahāmatiḥ trāhi kṛṣṇety ananteti vadann abhyavapadyata

[1.18.35] them he

Word make-up

kṛtyayā (कृत्यया): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
dahyamānāṃs (दह्यमानांस्): The core matches the root dah, “to burn.”
tān (तान्): them; Accusative plural of tad: “them.”
vilokya (विलोक्य): The core matches the root lok, “to see, to shine.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + lokya.
sa (स): he; Nominative singular masculine of tad: “he, that one.”
mahāmatiḥ (महामतिः): mahāmatiḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
trāhi (त्राहि): trāhi is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
kṛṣṇety (कृष्णेत्य्): The core matches the root kṛṣ, “to drag, to plough.”
ananteti (अनन्तेति): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.” a- (“not”) + nanteti.
vadann (वदन्न्): The core matches the root vad, “to say.”
abhyavapadyata (अभ्यवपद्यत): The core matches the root pad, “to go, to fall.” a- (“not”) + bhyavapadyata.

सर्वव्यापिञ् जगद्रूप जगत्स्रष्टर् जनार्दन त्राहि विप्रान् इमान् अस्माद् दुःसहान् मन्त्रपावकात्

sarvavyāpiñ jagadrūpa jagatsraṣṭar janārdana trāhi viprān imān asmād duḥsahān mantrapāvakāt

[1.18.36] janārdana vi- (“apart, asunder”) + prān these

Word make-up

sarvavyāpiñ (सर्वव्यापिञ्): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.”
jagadrūpa (जगद्रूप): jagadrūpa is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
jagatsraṣṭar (जगत्स्रष्टर्): jagatsraṣṭar is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
janārdana (जनार्दन): A name of Kṛṣṇa; jana (“people,” jan “to be born”) + ardana (ard, “to agitate, to distress”). Agitator of people; or destroyer of the wicked among men. A name of Kṛṣṇa.
trāhi (त्राहि): trāhi is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
viprān (विप्रान्): vi- (“apart, asunder”) + prān; vi- (“apart, asunder”) + prān.
imān (इमान्): these; Inflected from ima. Dual/plural of idam: “these.”
asmād (अस्माद्): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.” a- (“not”) + smād.
duḥsahān (दुःसहान्): duḥsahān is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
mantrapāvakāt (मन्त्रपावकात्): The core matches the root man, “to think.”

यथा सर्वेषु भूतेषु सर्वव्यापी जगद्गुरुः विष्णुर् एव तथा सर्वे जीवन्त्व् एते पुरोहिताः

yathā sarveṣu bhūteṣu sarvavyāpī jagadguruḥ viṣṇur eva tathā sarve jīvantv ete purohitāḥ

[1.18.37] as all what has come to be just so all these

Word make-up

yathā (यथा): as; ya- + thā: “in which way, as.”
sarveṣu (सर्वेषु): all; sarva: whole, all. The entire, not a leftover.
bhūteṣu (भूतेषु): what has come to be; Inflected from bhūta. Past participle of bhū: “what has come to be; a being.”
sarvavyāpī (सर्वव्यापी): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.”
jagadguruḥ (जगद्गुरुः): jagadguruḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
viṣṇur (विष्णुर्): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + ṣṇur.
eva (एव): just; Particle of restriction or emphasis: “only, just, indeed.”
tathā (तथा): so; ta- + thā: “in that way, so.”
sarve (सर्वे): all; Nominative plural of sarva: “all.”
jīvantv (जीवन्त्व्): The core matches the root jīv, “to live.”
ete (एते): these; Nominative plural of etad: “these.”
purohitāḥ (पुरोहिताः): purohitāḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

यथा सर्वगतं विष्णुं मन्यमानो ऽनपायिनम् चिन्तयाम्य् अरिपक्षे ऽपि जीवन्त्व् एते तथा द्विजाः

yathā sarvagataṃ viṣṇuṃ manyamāno 'napāyinam cintayāmy aripakṣe 'pi jīvantv ete tathā dvijāḥ

[1.18.38] as The pervading one a- (“not”) + ripakṣe these so twice-born

Word make-up

yathā (यथा): as; ya- + thā: “in which way, as.”
sarvagataṃ (सर्वगतं): sarvagataṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
viṣṇuṃ (विष्णुं): The pervading one; Inflected from viṣṇu. From viṣ, “to be active, to pervade.” The pervading one.
manyamāno (मन्यमानो): The core matches the root man, “to think.”
'napāyinam (ऽनपायिनम्): The core matches the root nam, “to bow.”
cintayāmy (चिन्तयाम्य्): The core matches the root cint, “to think.”
aripakṣe (अरिपक्षे): a- (“not”) + ripakṣe; a- (“not”) + ripakṣe.
'pi (ऽपि): 'pi is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
jīvantv (जीवन्त्व्): The core matches the root jīv, “to live.”
ete (एते): these; Nominative plural of etad: “these.”
tathā (तथा): so; ta- + thā: “in that way, so.”
dvijāḥ (द्विजाः): twice-born; Inflected from dvija. dvi-ja “twice-born.” dvija-uttama: upmost of the twice-born.

ये हन्तुम् आगता दत्तं यैर् विषं यैर् हुताशनः यैर् दिग्गजैर् अहं क्षुण्णो दष्टः सर्पैश् च यैर् अहम्

ye hantum āgatā dattaṃ yair viṣaṃ yair hutāśanaḥ yair diggajair ahaṃ kṣuṇṇo daṣṭaḥ sarpaiś ca yair aham

[1.18.39] who striking going gives I and I

Word make-up

ye (ये): who; Nominative plural of yad: “who, which.” Relative stem ya-.
hantum (हन्तुम्): striking; From han, “to strike, to slay.” Strikes; is struck; to slay; having slain.
āgatā (आगता): going; ā- (“unto, fully”) joined to gatā. From gam / yā, “to go.” Goes; they go; having gone; gone; he goes. Together the form means ā + that sense.
dattaṃ (दत्तं): gives; From dā, “to give.” Gives; having given; given.
yair (यैर्): yair is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
viṣaṃ (विषं): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + ṣaṃ.
yair (यैर्): yair is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
hutāśanaḥ (हुताशनः): The core matches the root hu, “to pour the offering.”
yair (यैर्): yair is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
diggajair (दिग्गजैर्): diggajair is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ahaṃ (अहं): ”; Nominative of asmad: “I.”
kṣuṇṇo (क्षुण्णो): kṣuṇṇo is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
daṣṭaḥ (दष्टः): daṣṭaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sarpaiś (सर्पैश्): sarpaiś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
yair (यैर्): yair is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
aham (अहम्): ”; Nominative of asmad: “I.”

तेष्व् अहं मित्रपक्षे च समः पापो ऽस्मि न क्वचित् यथा तेनाद्य सत्येन जीवन्त्व् असुरयाजकाः

teṣv ahaṃ mitrapakṣe ca samaḥ pāpo 'smi na kvacit yathā tenādya satyena jīvantv asurayājakāḥ

[1.18.40] I and even ill-deed not as being-true

Word make-up

teṣv (तेष्व्): teṣv is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ahaṃ (अहं): ”; Nominative of asmad: “I.”
mitrapakṣe (मित्रपक्षे): mitrapakṣe is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
samaḥ (समः): even; sama: same, even, equal. Evenness.
pāpo (पापो): ill-deed; Inflected from pāpa. pāpa: evil, what is ill, a bad deed. Not a Christian “sin” imported whole.
'smi (ऽस्मि): 'smi is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
na (न): not; Negation: “not.”
kvacit (क्वचित्): The core matches the root vac, “to speak.”
yathā (यथा): as; ya- + thā: “in which way, as.”
tenādya (तेनाद्य): tenādya is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
satyena (सत्येन): being-true; Inflected from satya. From sat, “being” (as, “to be”). Being-true; what is as it is.
jīvantv (जीवन्त्व्): The core matches the root jīv, “to live.”
asurayājakāḥ (असुरयाजकाः): The core matches the root yā, “to go.” a- (“not”) + surayājakāḥ.

इत्य् उक्तास् तेन ते सर्वे संस्पृष्टाश् च निरामयाः समुत्तस्थुर् द्विजा भूयस् तं चोचुः प्रश्रयान्वितम्

ity uktās tena te sarve saṃspṛṣṭāś ca nirāmayāḥ samuttasthur dvijā bhūyas taṃ cocuḥ praśrayānvitam

[1.18.41] by that you all saṃ- (“together”) + spṛṣṭāś and twice-born again him

Word make-up

ity (इत्य्): ity is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
uktās (उक्तास्): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
tena (तेन): by that; Instrumental of tad: “by that.”
te (ते): you; Enclitic of yuṣmad (“your / to you”) or nominative plural of tad (“they”). Sense follows the verse.
sarve (सर्वे): all; Nominative plural of sarva: “all.”
saṃspṛṣṭāś (संस्पृष्टाश्): saṃ- (“together”) + spṛṣṭāś; saṃ- (“together”) + spṛṣṭāś.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
nirāmayāḥ (निरामयाः): The core matches the root yā, “to go.” nir- (“out, without”) + āmayāḥ.
samuttasthur (समुत्तस्थुर्): The core matches the root hu, “to pour the offering.” sam- (“together”) + uttasthur.
dvijā (द्विजा): twice-born; Inflected from dvija. dvi-ja “twice-born.” dvija-uttama: upmost of the twice-born.
bhūyas (भूयस्): again; Comparative of bahu / from bhū: “more, again.”
taṃ (तं): him; Accusative masculine of tad: “him, that.”
cocuḥ (चोचुः): cocuḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
praśrayānvitam (प्रश्रयान्वितम्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + śrayānvitam.

दीर्घायुर् अप्रतिहतो बलवीर्यसमन्वितः पुत्रपौत्रधनैश्वर्यैर् युक्तो वत्स भवोत्तमः

dīrghāyur apratihato balavīryasamanvitaḥ putrapautradhanaiśvaryair yukto vatsa bhavottamaḥ

[1.18.42] a- (“not”) + pratihato yoked

Word make-up

dīrghāyur (दीर्घायुर्): dīrghāyur is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
apratihato (अप्रतिहतो): a- (“not”) + pratihato; a- (“not”) + pratihato.
balavīryasamanvitaḥ (बलवीर्यसमन्वितः): The core matches the root man, “to think.”
putrapautradhanaiśvaryair (पुत्रपौत्रधनैश्वर्यैर्): The core matches the root han, “to strike.”
yukto (युक्तो): yoked; Inflected from yukta. From yuj, “to yoke, to join.” Is yoked; yoked; having yoked.
vatsa (वत्स): vatsa is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
bhavottamaḥ (भवोत्तमः): bhavottamaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

इत्य् उक्त्वा तं ततो गत्वा यथावृत्तं पुरोहिताः दैत्यराजाय सकलम् आचचक्षुर् महामुने

ity uktvā taṃ tato gatvā yathāvṛttaṃ purohitāḥ daityarājāya sakalam ācacakṣur mahāmune

[1.18.43] having said him that going ā- (“unto, fully”) + cacakṣur

Word make-up

ity (इत्य्): ity is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
uktvā (उक्त्वा): having said; Gerund of vac: “having said.”
taṃ (तं): him; Accusative masculine of tad: “him, that.”
tato (ततो): that; Inflected from tat. Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
gatvā (गत्वा): going; From gam / yā, “to go.” Goes; they go; having gone; gone; he goes.
yathāvṛttaṃ (यथावृत्तं): The core matches the root vṛt, “to turn.”
purohitāḥ (पुरोहिताः): purohitāḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
daityarājāya (दैत्यराजाय): The core matches the root rāj, “to shine, to rule.”
sakalam (सकलम्): sakalam is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ācacakṣur (आचचक्षुर्): ā- (“unto, fully”) + cacakṣur; ā- (“unto, fully”) + cacakṣur.
mahāmune (महामुने): mahāmune is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

Viṣṇu Purāṇa

Prathama Aṃśa, Aṣṭādaśa Adhyāya

Devanagari scan