acyuta name(अच्युत)
Unfallen; he who does not fall away
Inflected from acyuta. a- (“not”) + cyuta (cyu, “to fall, to drop”). Unfallen; he who does not fall away.
Word senses
Prathama Aṃśa, Saptadaśa Adhyāya · Back to chapter
English lines use these phrases for common nouns. Only names (people, deities, epithets) stay in Sanskrit in the translation.
adhipaḥ(अधिपः)
adhi- (“over, concerning, unto”) + paḥ
adhi- (“over, concerning, unto”) + paḥ.
alpa(अल्प)
little
Inflected from alpa. alpa: little, small.
ananta(अनन्त)
without end
Inflected from ananta. a- + anta: without end.
āninye(आनिन्ये)
ā- (“unto, fully”) + ninye
ā- (“unto, fully”) + ninye.
anya(अन्य)
another
Inflected from anya. Nominative singular of anya: “another.”
apahāriṇi(अपहारिणि)
apa- (“away”) + hāriṇi
apa- (“away”) + hāriṇi.
asurā(असुरा)
anti-god
Often a- + sura, but older asu-ra “possessing life-breath.” In the Gītā: the anti-god, the not-shining rival of the deva.
ataḥ(अतः)
hence
From idam/a-tas: “hence, therefore.”
ātman(आत्मन्)
the self
Inflected from ātman. ātman is the self. Related to an, “to breathe”: the breathing one, the inner self of a living being. Not a ghost-soul added from outside; it is the self.
ātmavat(आत्मवत्)
ā- (“unto, fully”) + tmavat
ā- (“unto, fully”) + tmavat.
atra(अत्र)
here
a- + tra: “in this place.” Here.
ayaṃ(अयं)
this
Masculine of idam: “this one.”
bāla(बाल)
childish
Inflected from bāla. bāla: young, not full-grown; then “childish” as not ripe in knowing.
bālā(बाला)
childish
bāla: young, not full-grown; then “childish” as not ripe in knowing.
bālaḥ(बालः)
childish
bāla: young, not full-grown; then “childish” as not ripe in knowing.
balaṃ(बलं)
strength
bala: strength, force (from bal, “to be strong”).
bhakta(भक्त)
sharing-in
Inflected from bhakta. From bhaj, “to share, to resort to.” Sharing-in (instrumental bhaktyā); one who shares in / resorts to (bhakta).
bhaya(भय)
fear
Inflected from bhaya. From bhī, “to fear.” Fear.
bhayaṃ(भयं)
fear
From bhī, “to fear.” Fear.
brahmaṇa(ब्रह्मण)
that-which-is-vast (brahman)
Inflected from brahmaṇa. Neuter of brahman, from bṛh, “to grow, to swell, to be vast.” It names that which is vast — an entity, not a person. The creator god is a different word, Brahmā (masculine). A brāhmaṇa is a person of that class.
bravīmi(ब्रवीमि)
I tell
From brū, “to speak.” I tell.
cāpa(चाप)
bow
Inflected from cāpa. dhanus: bow. cāpa also bow.
deha(देह)
the body
Inflected from deha. From dih, “to smear, to plaster.” The plastered thing: the formed body.
dehī(देही)
the embodied
deha from dih, “to plaster”: the body. dehin is the one who has a body, the embodied.
devāḥ(देवाः)
shining one
From div, “to shine.” A shining one; a god as a shining being, not a generic “God.”
dharma(धर्म)
that which holds
Inflected from dharma. From dhṛ, “to hold, to uphold.” That which holds, the holding: law, right, the way a thing is held in place. Not a one-word “religion.”
dṛśyate(दृश्यते)
is seen
Passive of dṛś: it is seen.
duḥkham(दुःखम्)
unease
dus- (“ill, hard”) + kha (“space, hole, axle-hole”). Ill-fitting; unease, pain. The opposite of sukha.
duḥkhaṃ(दुःखं)
unease
dus- (“ill, hard”) + kha (“space, hole, axle-hole”). Ill-fitting; unease, pain. The opposite of sukha.
durbuddher(दुर्बुद्धेर्)
dur- (“ill, hard”) + buddher
dur- (“ill, hard”) + buddher.
dvija(द्विज)
twice-born
Inflected from dvija. dvi-ja “twice-born.” dvija-uttama: upmost of the twice-born.
ekaḥ(एकः)
one
eka: one. The one, a single.
enam(एनम्)
him
Accusative of anaphoric ena-: “him, this one already in view.”
eṣa(एष)
this one
Masculine of etad: “this one.”
etad(एतद्)
this
Neuter of etad: “this here.” e- + tad.
etat(एतत्)
this
Neuter of etad: “this here.” e- + tad.
ete(एते)
these
Nominative plural of etad: “these.”
gata(गत)
going
Inflected from gata. From gam / yā, “to go.” Goes; they go; having gone; gone; he goes.
gataḥ(गतः)
going
From gam / yā, “to go.” Goes; they go; having gone; gone; he goes.
govinda name(गोविन्द)
A name of Kṛṣṇa
Inflected from govinda. go (“cow, cattle, earth, ray”) + vinda (vid, “to find”). Finder of cows; also finder of the earth. A name of Kṛṣṇa.
guṇāḥ(गुणाः)
strands
guṇa: strand, constituent thread of experience.
gurus(गुरुस्)
the weighty one
guru: heavy, weighty. Then the weighty one, the teacher whose word has weight.
hitam(हितम्)
beneficial
From dhā, “to place”: well-placed, beneficial.
hṛd(हृद्)
heart
Inflected from hṛd. hṛd / hṛdaya: the heart as the inner place (not only the pump).
hṛdaya(हृदय)
heart
Inflected from hṛdaya. hṛd / hṛdaya: the heart as the inner place (not only the pump).
hṛdayaṃ(हृदयं)
heart
hṛd / hṛdaya: the heart as the inner place (not only the pump).
hṛdi(हृदि)
heart
hṛd / hṛdaya: the heart as the inner place (not only the pump).
idaṃ(इदं)
this
Neuter of idam: “this” (near).
jagat(जगत्)
the moving world
Inflected from jagat. From gam, “to go” (intensive): that which keeps going, the moving world.
kadācit(कदाचित्)
at some time
kadā + cid: “at some time, perhaps.”
kaḥ(कः)
who
Nominative of kim: “who?” Interrogative stem ka-.
kāle(काले)
time
kāla: time; also “the dark, the calculating.” Time as what counts out and cuts off.
kāraṇaṃ(कारणं)
the causing
From kṛ: the causing; a cause as that which makes.
keśava name(केशव)
A name of Kṛṣṇa
Inflected from keśava. keśa (“hair”) + -va: having fine hair; or slayer of Keśin. A name of Kṛṣṇa.
kim(किम्)
what
Neuter interrogative: “what? why?”
kiṃ(किं)
what
Neuter interrogative: “what? why?”
kriyate(क्रियते)
is done
Passive of kṛ: it is done.
kṛṣṇa(कृष्ण)
Vocative: O Kṛṣṇa
Inflected from kṛṣṇa. kṛṣṇa: dark, black. From kṛṣ, “to draw, to drag,” or as the dark colour. The dark one. Vocative: O Kṛṣṇa.
kurute(कुरुते)
does
From kṛ, “to do.” Does; you do!; do! (kuru can also vocative of Kuru).
kutas(कुतस्)
from where
From ku- + tas: “from where? why?”
lokān(लोकान्)
world
From lok, “to see”: a seen-world.
mahat(महत्)
great
mahat: great. From mah, “to be great.”
manyate(मन्यते)
thinks
From man, “to think.” Thinks; I think; thought.
mṛta(मृत)
dies
Inflected from mṛta. From mṛ, “to die.” Dies; dead.
mṛtyu(मृत्यु)
dying
Inflected from mṛtyu. From mṛ, “to die.” Dying; death.
nāma(नाम)
name
nāman: name, from a root of bending/marking. The name.
naraḥ(नरः)
a man
nara: a man, a human being (as mortal person).
nāśa(नाश)
perishing
Inflected from nāśa. From naś, “to be lost, to perish.” Loss; perishing.
navaḥ(नवः)
new
nava: new. (Also navan “nine.”)
niḥsaṃśayaṃ(निःसंशयं)
ni- (“down, in”) + ḥsaṃśayaṃ
ni- (“down, in”) + ḥsaṃśayaṃ.
nityā(नित्या)
continual
Continual; in-dwelling as constant.
niyamyatāṃ(नियम्यतां)
ni- (“down, in”) + yamyatāṃ
ni- (“down, in”) + yamyatāṃ.
param(परम्)
beyond
para: beyond, further, other. As a neuter noun often “what is beyond.”
paraṃ(परं)
beyond
para: beyond, further, other. As a neuter noun often “what is beyond.”
parāyaṇaḥ(परायणः)
parā- (“away, forth beyond”) + yaṇaḥ
parā- (“away, forth beyond”) + yaṇaḥ.
phalam(फलम्)
fruit
Fruit; the produce of a deed (from a root of bursting/ripening). Result as fruit, not a score.
pitā(पिता)
father
pitṛ: father (the protector/nourisher).
pitaraṃ(पितरं)
father
pitṛ: father (the protector/nourisher).
prabravīṣi(प्रब्रवीषि)
pra- (“forth, forward”) + bravīṣi
pra- (“forth, forward”) + bravīṣi.
prabravīti(प्रब्रवीति)
pra- (“forth, forward”) + bravīti
pra- (“forth, forward”) + bravīti.
prāha(प्राह)
spoken forth
pra-vac, “to speak forth.” Spoken forth; he has said forth.
prahāro(प्रहारो)
pra- (“forth, forward”) + hāro
pra- (“forth, forward”) + hāro.
prahlāda(प्रह्लाद)
pra- (“forth, forward”) + hlāda
pra- (“forth, forward”) + hlāda.
prahlādo(प्रह्लादो)
pra- (“forth, forward”) + hlādo
pra- (“forth, forward”) + hlādo.
prajānāṃ(प्रजानां)
pra- (“forth, forward”) + jānāṃ
pra- (“forth, forward”) + jānāṃ.
prajvalito(प्रज्वलितो)
pra- (“forth, forward”) + jvalito
pra- (“forth, forward”) + jvalito.
prajvālya(प्रज्वाल्य)
pra- (“forth, forward”) + jvālya
pra- (“forth, forward”) + jvālya.
prāpnoti(प्राप्नोति)
reaching
pra- āp, “to reach, to obtain.” Having reached; reaches.
prāpya(प्राप्य)
reaching
pra- āp, “to reach, to obtain.” Having reached; reaches.
praśādhi(प्रशाधि)
pra- (“forth, forward”) + śādhi
pra- (“forth, forward”) + śādhi.
prathame(प्रथमे)
pra- (“forth, forward”) + thame
pra- (“forth, forward”) + thame.
pratyakṣaṃ(प्रत्यक्षं)
pra- (“forth, forward”) + tyakṣaṃ
pra- (“forth, forward”) + tyakṣaṃ.
prayacchāmi(प्रयच्छामि)
pra- (“forth, forward”) + yacchāmi
pra- (“forth, forward”) + yacchāmi.
priya(प्रिय)
dear
Inflected from priya. From prī, “to please, to be dear.” Dear; pleasing.
punaḥ(पुनः)
again
Adverb: “again, back.”
punar(पुनर्)
again
Adverb: “again, back.”
purā(पुरा)
formerly
Indeclinable: “formerly, of old.”
puruṣaḥ(पुरुषः)
the Person
Often analysed as pūr “filling” or pur “citadel” + śī “to lie”: the one who lies in the stronghold (the body). The Person, as against prakṛti the making-forth.
ṛta(ऋत)
the fitted-true
Inflected from ṛta. ṛta: the fitted, the true course (from ṛ, “to go”). What is right-fitted.
sa(स)
he
Nominative singular masculine of tad: “he, that one.”
sadā(सदा)
always
sa- + dā: “always, at every time.”
saḥ(सः)
he
Nominative singular masculine of tad: “he, that one.”
samatvam(समत्वम्)
sam- (“together”) + atvam
sam- (“together”) + atvam.
saṃkṣayam(संक्षयम्)
saṃ- (“together”) + kṣayam
saṃ- (“together”) + kṣayam.
saṃkṣepaḥ(संक्षेपः)
saṃ- (“together”) + kṣepaḥ
saṃ- (“together”) + kṣepaḥ.
saṃstūya(संस्तूय)
saṃ- (“together”) + stūya
saṃ- (“together”) + stūya.
samyak(सम्यक्)
rightly
sam- + añc: “together-going, rightly, fully.”
sarva(सर्व)
all
Inflected from sarva. sarva: whole, all. The entire, not a leftover.
sarvaṃ(सर्वं)
all
sarva: whole, all. The entire, not a leftover.
sarvāṇi(सर्वाणि)
all
sarva: whole, all. The entire, not a leftover.
sarvatra(सर्वत्र)
all
sarva: whole, all. The entire, not a leftover.
sarve(सर्वे)
all
Nominative plural of sarva: “all.”
śastra(शस्त्र)
cutting-weapon
Inflected from śastra. From śas, “to cut.” A cutting-weapon.
śāśvataḥ(शाश्वतः)
everlasting
From śaśvat “ever.” Everlasting as “through the ages,” still not akṣara.
satya(सत्य)
being-true
Inflected from satya. From sat, “being” (as, “to be”). Being-true; what is as it is.
satyaṃ(सत्यं)
being-true
From sat, “being” (as, “to be”). Being-true; what is as it is.
śreyas(श्रेयस्)
the better
Inflected from śreyas. Comparative of śrī / śrī- related “better, more splendid.” The better; what is more excellent.
sthita(स्थित)
standing
Inflected from sthita. From sthā, “to stand.” Standing-place; stood; having stood; stands.
sthitaḥ(स्थितः)
standing
From sthā, “to stand.” Standing-place; stood; having stood; stands.
subhāṣitam(सुभाषितम्)
su- (“well, good”) + bhāṣitam
su- (“well, good”) + bhāṣitam.
sudurbuddhe(सुदुर्बुद्धे)
su- (“well, good”) + durbuddhe
su- (“well, good”) + durbuddhe.
sukhakartṛtvaṃ(सुखकर्तृत्वं)
su- (“well, good”) + khakartṛtvaṃ
su- (“well, good”) + khakartṛtvaṃ.
sukhaleśo(सुखलेशो)
su- (“well, good”) + khaleśo
su- (“well, good”) + khaleśo.
sukham(सुखम्)
ease
su- (“well, good”) + kha (“axle-hole, space”). Well-fitting; ease. Not a thin “happiness.”
sukhāyate(सुखायते)
su- (“well, good”) + khāyate
su- (“well, good”) + khāyate.
sutaḥ(सुतः)
su- (“well, good”) + taḥ
su- (“well, good”) + taḥ.
svayam(स्वयम्)
oneself
sva + yam: by oneself; of one’s own accord.
svayaṃ(स्वयं)
oneself
sva + yam: by oneself; of one’s own accord.
tadā(तदा)
then
ta- + dā: “at that time, then.”
tam(तम्)
him
Accusative masculine of tad: “him, that.”
tataḥ(ततः)
then
From tad + tas: “from that, then.”
tatas(ततस्)
then
From tad + tas: “from that, then.”
tathā(तथा)
so
ta- + thā: “in that way, so.”
tatra(तत्र)
there
ta- + tra: “in that place, there.”
tiṣṭhati(तिष्ठति)
standing
From sthā, “to stand.” Standing-place; stood; having stood; stands.
vicakṣaṇaiḥ(विचक्षणैः)
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + cakṣaṇaiḥ
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + cakṣaṇaiḥ.
vicerur(विचेरुर्)
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + cerur
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + cerur.
vidyā(विद्या)
knowing
Inflected from vidyā. From vid, “to know.” Knowing-as-a-discipline; knowledge that is found.
vināśa(विनाश)
complete perishing
Inflected from vināśa. vi- (“apart, fully”) + nāśa (naś, “to perish”). Complete perishing.
vinodbhavaḥ(विनोद्भवः)
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + nodbhavaḥ
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + nodbhavaḥ.
viṣaya(विषय)
sense-object
Inflected from viṣaya. vi- + si “to throw”: what is thrown before one; a sense-object, a domain.
viṣṇu(विष्णु)
The pervading one
Inflected from viṣṇu. From viṣ, “to be active, to pervade.” The pervading one.
vistāraḥ(विस्तारः)
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + stāraḥ
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + stāraḥ.
yadi(यदि)
if
ya- + di: “if.”
yaḥ(यः)
who
Nominative singular of yad: “who, which.”
yathā(यथा)
as
ya- + thā: “in which way, as.”
yāti(याति)
going
From gam / yā, “to go.” Goes; they go; having gone; gone; he goes.
yatra(यत्र)
where
ya- + tra: “in which place, where.”