Word senses – Prathama Aṃśa, Daśama Adhyāya

anye(अन्ये)

others

Nominative plural of anya: “others.” From anya “other, not this.”

āyatir(आयतिर्)

ā- (“unto, fully”) + yatir

ā- (“unto, fully”) + yatir.

brahmaṇā(ब्रह्मणा)

that-which-is-vast (brahman)

Neuter of brahman, from bṛh, “to grow, to swell, to be vast.” It names that which is vast — an entity, not a person. The creator god is a different word, Brahmā (masculine). A brāhmaṇa is a person of that class.

brahmaṇas(ब्रह्मणस्)

that-which-is-vast (brahman)

Neuter of brahman, from bṛh, “to grow, to swell, to be vast.” It names that which is vast — an entity, not a person. The creator god is a different word, Brahmā (masculine). A brāhmaṇa is a person of that class.

cāpa(चाप)

bow

Inflected from cāpa. dhanus: bow. cāpa also bow.

dvija(द्विज)

twice-born

dvi-ja “twice-born.” dvija-uttama: upmost of the twice-born.

eṣa(एष)

this one

Masculine of etad: “this one.”

etām(एताम्)

this

Accusative of etad: this.

ete(एते)

these

Nominative plural of etad: “these.”

gataḥ(गतः)

going

From gam / yā, “to go.” Goes; they go; having gone; gone; he goes.

guṇaiḥ(गुणैः)

strands

guṇa: strand, constituent thread of experience.

jāta(जात)

is born

Inflected from jāta. From jan, “to be born.” Is born; born.

jāyate(जायते)

is born

From jan, “to be born.” Is born; born.

niyatiś(नियतिश्)

ni- (“down, in”) + yatiś

ni- (“down, in”) + yatiś.

pañca(पञ्च)

five

pañcan: five.

pitā(पिता)

father

pitṛ: father (the protector/nourisher).

prāṇasya(प्राणस्य)

forward-breath

pra- (“forth”) + an, “to breathe.” Forward-breath; the breath of life.

prathame(प्रथमे)

pra- (“forth, forward”) + thame

pra- (“forth, forward”) + thame.

punaḥ(पुनः)

again

Adverb: “again, back.”

raja(रज)

stirring

Inflected from raja. From rañj / raj, “to be coloured, to be stirred.” The strand of stirring, colouring, passion.

ṛṣīṇām(ऋषीणाम्)

seer

ṛṣi: seer, from ṛṣ / dṛś related “to go, to see.” One who sees (the hymn, the truth).

saṃtatāv(संतताव्)

saṃ- (“together”) + tatāv

saṃ- (“together”) + tatāv.

sarva(सर्व)

all

Inflected from sarva. sarva: whole, all. The entire, not a leftover.

sarvaṃ(सर्वं)

all

sarva: whole, all. The entire, not a leftover.

sarve(सर्वे)

all

Nominative plural of sarva: “all.”

soma(सोम)

the moon

Inflected from soma. candra from cand, “to shine.” The moon. soma is the pressed plant and the moon.

śṛṇu(शृणु)

hearing

From śru, “to hear.” Hear!; hears; having heard; heard.

śuci(शुचि)

clean

Inflected from śuci. From śuc, “to gleam.” Bright, clean.

suṣuve(सुषुवे)

su- (“well, good”) + ṣuve

su- (“well, good”) + ṣuve.

sutāḥ(सुताः)

su- (“well, good”) + tāḥ

su- (“well, good”) + tāḥ.

sutāṃl(सुतांल्)

su- (“well, good”) + tāṃl

su- (“well, good”) + tāṃl.

sutatrayam(सुतत्रयम्)

su- (“well, good”) + tatrayam

su- (“well, good”) + tatrayam.

sutau(सुतौ)

su- (“well, good”) + tau

su- (“well, good”) + tau.

sutāv(सुताव्)

su- (“well, good”) + tāv

su- (“well, good”) + tāv.

tān(तान्)

them

Inflected from tān. Accusative plural of tad: “them.”

tathā(तथा)

so

ta- + thā: “in that way, so.”

teṣāṃ(तेषां)

of them

Genitive plural of tad: “of them.”

trīn(त्रीन्)

three

Accusative of tri: three.

ubhau(उभौ)

both

ubha: both.

ubhe(उभे)

both

ubha: both.

vasiṣṭha(वसिष्ठ)

A seer

Inflected from vasiṣṭha. vasiṣṭha: most excellent (superlative of vasu). A seer.

vistāraṃ(विस्तारं)

vi- (“apart, asunder”) + stāraṃ

vi- (“apart, asunder”) + stāraṃ.

yoginam(योगिनम्)

one who is yoked

From yoga (yuj, “to yoke”) + -in “possessing.” One who is yoked; one who has the yoking.