Word senses – Pañcama Aṃśa, Navama Adhyāya

ācerur(आचेरुर्)

ā- (“unto, fully”) + cerur

ā- (“unto, fully”) + cerur.

ādyaḥ(आद्यः)

ā- (“unto, fully”) + dyaḥ

ā- (“unto, fully”) + dyaḥ.

ājagāma(आजगाम)

ā- (“unto, fully”) + jagāma

ā- (“unto, fully”) + jagāma.

ananta(अनन्त)

without end

a- + anta: without end.

ante(अन्ते)

end

anta: end, edge, death as the end. The limit.

anye(अन्ये)

others

Nominative plural of anya: “others.” From anya “other, not this.”

aparaiś(अपरैश्)

apa- (“away”) + raiś

apa- (“away”) + raiś.

arthe(अर्थे)

aim

artha: aim, meaning, wealth as what is sought. From a root of going-toward. That-for-which.

asuraḥ(असुरः)

anti-god

Often a- + sura, but older asu-ra “possessing life-breath.” In the Gītā: the anti-god, the not-shining rival of the deva.

asuras(असुरस्)

anti-god

Often a- + sura, but older asu-ra “possessing life-breath.” In the Gītā: the anti-god, the not-shining rival of the deva.

ātmānam(आत्मानम्)

the self

ātman is the self. Related to an, “to breathe”: the breathing one, the inner self of a living being. Not a ghost-soul added from outside; it is the self.

atra(अत्र)

here

a- + tra: “in this place.” Here.

avaśyam(अवश्यम्)

ava- (“down, off”) + śyam

ava- (“down, off”) + śyam.

avatārarūpam(अवताररूपम्)

ava- (“down, off”) + tārarūpam

ava- (“down, off”) + tārarūpam.

ayaṃ(अयं)

this

Masculine of idam: “this one.”

āyayau(आययौ)

ā- (“unto, fully”) + yayau

ā- (“unto, fully”) + yayau.

bhagavān(भगवान्)

the Lord

bhaga (“share, portion, majesty,” from bhaj “to share”) + -vant “possessing.” One who has the share of majesty. The Lord as the one possessed of majesty, not a first name.

bhavān(भवान्)

you

Honorific “you” (from bhū, the becoming-one as polite you).

dūre(दूरे)

far

Locative of dūra: “in the far.”

dvau(द्वौ)

two

dvi: two. Dual forms “these two.”

ekam(एकम्)

one

eka: one. The one, a single.

ekaṃ(एकं)

one

eka: one. The one, a single.

eṣa(एष)

this one

Masculine of etad: “this one.”

etad(एतद्)

this

Neuter of etad: “this here.” e- + tad.

gata(गत)

going

Inflected from gata. From gam / yā, “to go.” Goes; they go; having gone; gone; he goes.

govindaḥ name(गोविन्दः)

A name of Kṛṣṇa

go (“cow, cattle, earth, ray”) + vinda (vid, “to find”). Finder of cows; also finder of the earth. A name of Kṛṣṇa.

hitam(हितम्)

beneficial

From dhā, “to place”: well-placed, beneficial.

idaṃ(इदं)

this

Neuter of idam: “this” (near).

jagat(जगत्)

the moving world

From gam, “to go” (intensive): that which keeps going, the moving world.

kāraṇam(कारणम्)

the causing

From kṛ: the causing; a cause as that which makes.

kāraṇaṃ(कारणं)

the causing

From kṛ: the causing; a cause as that which makes.

kāryaṃ(कार्यं)

what-is-to-be-done

Gerundive of kṛ: what is to be done; the effect as “that which is to-be-made.”

kim(किम्)

what

Neuter interrogative: “what? why?”

kiṃ(किं)

what

Neuter interrogative: “what? why?”

kṛṣṇa(कृष्ण)

Vocative: O Kṛṣṇa

Inflected from kṛṣṇa. kṛṣṇa: dark, black. From kṛṣ, “to draw, to drag,” or as the dark colour. The dark one. Vocative: O Kṛṣṇa.

kṛṣṇaḥ(कृष्णः)

Vocative: O Kṛṣṇa

kṛṣṇa: dark, black. From kṛṣ, “to draw, to drag,” or as the dark colour. The dark one. Vocative: O Kṛṣṇa.

madhyam(मध्यम्)

middle

madhya: middle.

munaya(मुनय)

silent thinker

Inflected from munaya. From man, “to think,” or maun “silence.” The thinker / the silent one.

mūrdhni(मूर्ध्नि)

head

śiras: head. mūrdhan: head, peak.

nāma(नाम)

name

Inflected from nāma. nāman: name, from a root of bending/marking. The name.

niyuddhaiś(नियुद्धैश्)

ni- (“down, in”) + yuddhaiś

ni- (“down, in”) + yuddhaiś.

pādau(पादौ)

foot

pāda: foot, quarter (pad, “to go”). caraṇa from car, “to move.”

parigṛhya(परिगृह्य)

pari- (“around”) + gṛhya

pari- (“around”) + gṛhya.

prāha(प्राह)

spoken forth

pra-vac, “to speak forth.” Spoken forth; he has said forth.

prahāreṇa(प्रहारेण)

pra- (“forth, forward”) + hāreṇa

pra- (“forth, forward”) + hāreṇa.

prajagāmaiva(प्रजगामैव)

pra- (“forth, forward”) + jagāmaiva

pra- (“forth, forward”) + jagāmaiva.

pralambākhyo(प्रलम्बाख्यो)

pra- (“forth, forward”) + lambākhyo

pra- (“forth, forward”) + lambākhyo.

pralambaṃ(प्रलम्बं)

pra- (“forth, forward”) + lambaṃ

pra- (“forth, forward”) + lambaṃ.

pralambe(प्रलम्बे)

pra- (“forth, forward”) + lambe

pra- (“forth, forward”) + lambe.

pralambena(प्रलम्बेन)

pra- (“forth, forward”) + lambena

pra- (“forth, forward”) + lambena.

pralambo(प्रलम्बो)

pra- (“forth, forward”) + lambo

pra- (“forth, forward”) + lambo.

punar(पुनर्)

again

Adverb: “again, back.”

punas(पुनस्)

again

Adverb: “again, back.”

rūpaṃ(रूपं)

form

rūpa: form, outward shape (what is seen). Not “beauty” first.

sa(स)

he

Nominative singular masculine of tad: “he, that one.”

saṃharaṇe(संहरणे)

saṃ- (“together”) + haraṇe

saṃ- (“together”) + haraṇe.

samīro(समीरो)

sam- (“together”) + īro

sam- (“together”) + īro.

saṃkarṣaṇaṃ(संकर्षणं)

saṃ- (“together”) + karṣaṇaṃ

saṃ- (“together”) + karṣaṇaṃ.

sarve(सर्वे)

all

Nominative plural of sarva: “all.”

śiras(शिरस्)

head

śiras: head. mūrdhan: head, peak.

soma(सोम)

the moon

Inflected from soma. candra from cand, “to shine.” The moon. soma is the pressed plant and the moon.

sumahākāyaḥ(सुमहाकायः)

su- (“well, good”) + mahākāyaḥ

su- (“well, good”) + mahākāyaḥ.

tadā(तदा)

then

ta- + dā: “at that time, then.”

tam(तम्)

him

Accusative masculine of tad: “him, that.”

taṃ(तं)

him

Accusative masculine of tad: “him, that.”

tān(तान्)

them

Accusative plural of tad: “them.”

tataḥ(ततः)

then

From tad + tas: “from that, then.”

tatas(ततस्)

then

From tad + tas: “from that, then.”

tathā(तथा)

so

ta- + thā: “in that way, so.”

tathaiva(तथैव)

likewise

tathā + eva: just so, likewise.

tatra(तत्र)

there

ta- + tra: “in that place, there.”

teṣāṃ(तेषां)

of them

Genitive plural of tad: “of them.”

ubhau(उभौ)

both

ubha: both.

ubhayo(उभयो)

of both

Genitive/locative dual of ubha: of both.

vacanam(वचनम्)

speech

From vac, “to speak.” Speech; a speaking.

vetti(वेत्ति)

know

From vid, “to know” (vetti, viduḥ, viddhi) or “to be found” (vidyate). Knows; they know; is found; know!

vihāravit(विहारवित्)

vi- (“apart, asunder”) + hāravit

vi- (“apart, asunder”) + hāravit.

vipra(विप्र)

vi- (“apart, asunder”) + pra

vi- (“apart, asunder”) + pra.

vyaktam(व्यक्तम्)

manifest

vi-añj, “to make clear, to smear forth.” Manifest; made-clear.

yathā(यथा)

as

ya- + thā: “in which way, as.”