Dvitīya Aṃśa, Caturdaśa Adhyāya

इति श्रीविष्णुपुराणे द्वितीये ऽंशे त्रयोदशो ऽध्यायः निशम्य तस्येति वचः परमार्थसमन्वितम् प्रश्रयावनतो भूत्वा तम् आह नृपतिर् द्विजम्

[[iti śrīviṣṇupurāṇe dvitīye 'ṃśe trayodaśo 'dhyāyaḥ ]] niśamya tasyeti vacaḥ paramārthasamanvitam praśrayāvanato bhūtvā tam āha nṛpatir dvijam

[2.14.1] having come to be him said twice-born

Word make-up

[[iti (इति): [[iti is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
śrīviṣṇupurāṇe (श्रीविष्णुपुराणे): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.”
dvitīye (द्वितीये): dvitīye is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
'ṃśe (ऽंशे): 'ṃśe is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
trayodaśo (त्रयोदशो): trayodaśo is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
'dhyāyaḥ (ऽध्यायः): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
]]: ]] is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
niśamya (निशम्य): The core matches the root śam, “to be calm.” ni- (“down, in”) + śamya.
tasyeti (तस्येति): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
vacaḥ (वचः): The core matches the root vac, “to speak.”
paramārthasamanvitam (परमार्थसमन्वितम्): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
praśrayāvanato (प्रश्रयावनतो): The core matches the root yā, “to go.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + śrayāvanato.
bhūtvā (भूत्वा): having come to be; Gerund of bhū: “having come to be.”
tam (तम्): him; Accusative masculine of tad: “him, that.”
āha (आह): said; Perfect of ah, “to say.” He said.
nṛpatir (नृपतिर्): The core matches the root pat, “to fall.”
dvijam (द्विजम्): twice-born; Inflected from dvija. dvi-ja “twice-born.” dvija-uttama: upmost of the twice-born.

नाहम् इत्यादिवाक्येन प्रमाणासंभवे गते

nāham ityādivākyena pramāṇāsaṃbhave gate

[2.14.1.13:1] going

Word make-up

nāham (नाहम्): nāham is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ityādivākyena (इत्यादिवाक्येन): The core matches the root div, “to shine.”
pramāṇāsaṃbhave (प्रमाणासंभवे): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + māṇāsaṃbhave.
gate (गते): going; Inflected from gata. From gam / yā, “to go.” Goes; they go; having gone; gone; he goes.

प्रमेयासंभवाशङ्की भूयो भूयो ऽथ पृच्छति

prameyāsaṃbhavāśaṅkī bhūyo bhūyo 'tha pṛcchati

[2.14.1.13:2] again again

Word make-up

prameyāsaṃbhavāśaṅkī (प्रमेयासंभवाशङ्की): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + meyāsaṃbhavāśaṅkī.
bhūyo (भूयो): again; Inflected from bhūya. Comparative of bahu / from bhū: “more, again.”
bhūyo (भूयो): again; Inflected from bhūya. Comparative of bahu / from bhū: “more, again.”
'tha (ऽथ): 'tha is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
pṛcchati (पृच्छति): pṛcchati is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

भगवन् यत् त्वया प्रोक्तं परमार्थमयं वचः श्रुते तस्मिन् भ्रमन्तीव मनसो मम वृत्तयः

bhagavan yat tvayā proktaṃ paramārthamayaṃ vacaḥ śrute tasmin bhramantīva manaso mama vṛttayaḥ

[2.14.2] which by you spoken forth in that mind my

Word make-up

bhagavan (भगवन्): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
yat (यत्): which; Neuter of yad: “which, what, that.” Relative stem ya-.
tvayā (त्वया): by you; Instrumental of yuṣmad: “by you.”
proktaṃ (प्रोक्तं): spoken forth; pra-vac, “to speak forth.” Spoken forth; he has said forth.
paramārthamayaṃ (परमार्थमयं): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
vacaḥ (वचः): The core matches the root vac, “to speak.”
śrute (श्रुते): The core matches the root śru, “to hear.”
tasmin (तस्मिन्): in that; Locative of tad: “in that.”
bhramantīva (भ्रमन्तीव): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
manaso (मनसो): mind; Inflected from manas. From man, “to think, to mind.” The thinking organ; mind as what thinks, not a ghost.
mama (मम): my; Genitive of asmad: “of me, my.”
vṛttayaḥ (वृत्तयः): The core matches the root vṛt, “to turn.”

एतद् विवेकविज्ञानं यद् अशेषेषु जन्तुषु भवता दर्शितं विप्र तत् परं प्रकृतेर् महत्

etad vivekavijñānaṃ yad aśeṣeṣu jantuṣu bhavatā darśitaṃ vipra tat paraṃ prakṛter mahat

[2.14.3] this which a- (“not”) + śeṣeṣu vi- (“apart, asunder”) + pra that beyond great

Word make-up

etad (एतद्): this; Neuter of etad: “this here.” e- + tad.
vivekavijñānaṃ (विवेकविज्ञानं): The core matches the root jñā, “to know.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + vekavijñānaṃ.
yad (यद्): which; Neuter of yad: “which, what, that.” Relative stem ya-.
aśeṣeṣu (अशेषेषु): a- (“not”) + śeṣeṣu; a- (“not”) + śeṣeṣu.
jantuṣu (जन्तुषु): The core matches the root jan, “to be born.”
bhavatā (भवता): bhavatā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
darśitaṃ (दर्शितं): darśitaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
vipra (विप्र): vi- (“apart, asunder”) + pra; vi- (“apart, asunder”) + pra.
tat (तत्): that; Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
paraṃ (परं): beyond; para: beyond, further, other. As a neuter noun often “what is beyond.”
prakṛter (प्रकृतेर्): The core matches the root kṛ, “to do, to make.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + kṛter.
mahat (महत्): great; mahat: great. From mah, “to be great.”

नाहं वहामि शिबिकां शिबिका न मयि स्थिता शरीरम् अन्यद् अस्मत्तो येनेयं शिबिका धृता

nāhaṃ vahāmi śibikāṃ śibikā na mayi sthitā śarīram anyad asmatto yeneyaṃ śibikā dhṛtā

[2.14.4] not in me standing the breakable frame not which

Word make-up

nāhaṃ (नाहं): nāhaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
vahāmi (वहामि): The core matches the root vah, “to carry.”
śibikāṃ (शिबिकां): śibikāṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
śibikā (शिबिका): śibikā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
na (न): not; Negation: “not.”
mayi (मयि): in me; Locative of asmad: “in me.”
sthitā (स्थिता): standing; Inflected from sthita. From sthā, “to stand.” Standing-place; stood; having stood; stands.
śarīram (शरीरम्): the breakable frame; From śṝ, “to crush, to break apart” (that which is liable to break), or from śri “to lean.” The breakable frame.
anyad (अन्यद्): not which; an- (“not,” before vowels) joined to yad. Neuter of yad: “which, what, that.” Relative stem ya-. Together the form means an + that sense.
asmatto (अस्मत्तो): The core matches the root as, “to be.” a- (“not”) + smatto.
yeneyaṃ (येनेयं): yeneyaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
śibikā (शिबिका): śibikā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
dhṛtā (धृता): The core matches the root dhṛ, “to hold.”

गुणप्रवृत्त्या भूतानां प्रवृत्तिः कर्मचोदिता प्रवर्तन्ते गुणाश् चैते किं ममेति त्वयोदितम्

guṇapravṛttyā bhūtānāṃ pravṛttiḥ karmacoditā pravartante guṇāś caite kiṃ mameti tvayoditam

[2.14.5] what

Word make-up

guṇapravṛttyā (गुणप्रवृत्त्या): The core matches the root vṛt, “to turn.”
bhūtānāṃ (भूतानां): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
pravṛttiḥ (प्रवृत्तिः): The core matches the root vṛt, “to turn.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + vṛttiḥ.
karmacoditā (कर्मचोदिता): karmacoditā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
pravartante (प्रवर्तन्ते): The core matches the root tan, “to stretch.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + vartante.
guṇāś (गुणाश्): guṇāś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
caite (चैते): caite is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
kiṃ (किं): what; Neuter interrogative: “what? why?”
mameti (ममेति): mameti is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tvayoditam (त्वयोदितम्): tvayoditam is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

एतस्मिन् परमार्थज्ञ मम श्रोत्रपथं गते मनो विह्वलताम् एति परमार्थार्थितां गतम्

etasmin paramārthajña mama śrotrapathaṃ gate mano vihvalatām eti paramārthārthitāṃ gatam

[2.14.6] my going mind vi- (“apart, asunder”) + hvalatām going

Word make-up

etasmin (एतस्मिन्): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
paramārthajña (परमार्थज्ञ): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
mama (मम): my; Genitive of asmad: “of me, my.”
śrotrapathaṃ (श्रोत्रपथं): The core matches the root pat, “to fall.”
gate (गते): going; Inflected from gata. From gam / yā, “to go.” Goes; they go; having gone; gone; he goes.
mano (मनो): mind; Inflected from mana. From man, “to think, to mind.” The thinking organ; mind as what thinks, not a ghost.
vihvalatām (विह्वलताम्): vi- (“apart, asunder”) + hvalatām; vi- (“apart, asunder”) + hvalatām.
eti (एति): eti is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
paramārthārthitāṃ (परमार्थार्थितां): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
gatam (गतम्): going; From gam / yā, “to go.” Goes; they go; having gone; gone; he goes.

पूर्वम् एव महाभागं कपिलर्षिम् अहं द्विज प्रष्टुम् अभ्युद्यतो गत्वा श्रेयः किं न्व् इत्य् असंशयम्

pūrvam eva mahābhāgaṃ kapilarṣim ahaṃ dvija praṣṭum abhyudyato gatvā śreyaḥ kiṃ nv ity asaṃśayam

[2.14.7] just I twice-born pra- (“forth, forward”) + ṣṭum a- (“not”) + bhyudyato going the better what not doubt

Word make-up

pūrvam (पूर्वम्): The core matches the root pū, “to purify.”
eva (एव): just; Particle of restriction or emphasis: “only, just, indeed.”
mahābhāgaṃ (महाभागं): mahābhāgaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
kapilarṣim (कपिलर्षिम्): kapilarṣim is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ahaṃ (अहं): ”; Nominative of asmad: “I.”
dvija (द्विज): twice-born; dvi-ja “twice-born.” dvija-uttama: upmost of the twice-born.
praṣṭum (प्रष्टुम्): pra- (“forth, forward”) + ṣṭum; pra- (“forth, forward”) + ṣṭum.
abhyudyato (अभ्युद्यतो): a- (“not”) + bhyudyato; a- (“not”) + bhyudyato.
gatvā (गत्वा): going; From gam / yā, “to go.” Goes; they go; having gone; gone; he goes.
śreyaḥ (श्रेयः): the better; Comparative of śrī / śrī- related “better, more splendid.” The better; what is more excellent.
kiṃ (किं): what; Neuter interrogative: “what? why?”
nv (न्व्): nv is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ity (इत्य्): ity is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
asaṃśayam (असंशयम्): not doubt; a- (“not”) joined to saṃśayam. sam-śī, “to lie together (in two minds).” Doubt. Together the form means a + that sense.

तदन्तरे च भवता यद् इदं वाक्यम् ईरितम् तेनैव परमार्थार्थं त्वयि चेतः प्रधावति

tadantare ca bhavatā yad idaṃ vākyam īritam tenaiva paramārthārthaṃ tvayi cetaḥ pradhāvati

[2.14.8] and which this speech in you

Word make-up

tadantare (तदन्तरे): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
bhavatā (भवता): bhavatā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
yad (यद्): which; Neuter of yad: “which, what, that.” Relative stem ya-.
idaṃ (इदं): this; Neuter of idam: “this” (near).
vākyam (वाक्यम्): speech; From vac, “to speak.” Speech; a speaking.
īritam (ईरितम्): īritam is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tenaiva (तेनैव): tenaiva is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
paramārthārthaṃ (परमार्थार्थं): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
tvayi (त्वयि): in you; Locative of yuṣmad: “in you.”
cetaḥ (चेतः): cetaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
pradhāvati (प्रधावति): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + dhāvati.

कपिलर्षिर् भगवतः सर्वभूतस्य वै किल विष्णोर् अंशो जगन्मोहनाशायोर्वीम् उपागतः

kapilarṣir bhagavataḥ sarvabhūtasya vai kila viṣṇor aṃśo jaganmohanāśāyorvīm upāgataḥ

[2.14.9] the Lord indeed a- (“not”) + ṃśo

Word make-up

kapilarṣir (कपिलर्षिर्): kapilarṣir is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
bhagavataḥ (भगवतः): the Lord; bhaga (“share, portion, majesty,” from bhaj “to share”) + -vant “possessing.” One who has the share of majesty. The Lord as the one possessed of majesty, not a first name.
sarvabhūtasya (सर्वभूतस्य): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
vai (वै): indeed; Particle of emphasis: “indeed.”
kila (किल): kila is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
viṣṇor (विष्णोर्): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + ṣṇor.
aṃśo (अंशो): a- (“not”) + ṃśo; a- (“not”) + ṃśo.
jaganmohanāśāyorvīm (जगन्मोहनाशायोर्वीम्): The core matches the root han, “to strike.”
upāgataḥ (उपागतः): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.”

स एव भगवान् नूनम् अस्माकं हितकाम्यया प्रत्यक्षताम् अत्र गतो यथैतद् भवतोच्यते

sa eva bhagavān nūnam asmākaṃ hitakāmyayā pratyakṣatām atra gato yathaitad bhavatocyate

[2.14.10] he just the Lord pra- (“forth, forward”) + tyakṣatām here going

Word make-up

sa (स): he; Nominative singular masculine of tad: “he, that one.”
eva (एव): just; Particle of restriction or emphasis: “only, just, indeed.”
bhagavān (भगवान्): the Lord; bhaga (“share, portion, majesty,” from bhaj “to share”) + -vant “possessing.” One who has the share of majesty. The Lord as the one possessed of majesty, not a first name.
nūnam (नूनम्): The core matches the root nam, “to bow.”
asmākaṃ (अस्माकं): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.” a- (“not”) + smākaṃ.
hitakāmyayā (हितकाम्यया): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
pratyakṣatām (प्रत्यक्षताम्): pra- (“forth, forward”) + tyakṣatām; pra- (“forth, forward”) + tyakṣatām.
atra (अत्र): here; a- + tra: “in this place.” Here.
gato (गतो): going; Inflected from gata. From gam / yā, “to go.” Goes; they go; having gone; gone; he goes.
yathaitad (यथैतद्): yathaitad is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
bhavatocyate (भवतोच्यते): bhavatocyate is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

तन् मह्यं प्रणताय त्वं यच् छ्रेयः परमं द्विज तद् वदाखिलविज्ञानजलवीच्युदधिर् भवान्

tan mahyaṃ praṇatāya tvaṃ yac chreyaḥ paramaṃ dvija tad vadākhilavijñānajalavīcyudadhir bhavān

[2.14.11] bowed you highest twice-born that you

Word make-up

tan (तन्): The core matches the root tan, “to stretch.”
mahyaṃ (मह्यं): mahyaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
praṇatāya (प्रणताय): bowed; Inflected from praṇata. Past participle of pra- + nam. Bowed; having bowed.
tvaṃ (त्वं): you; Nominative of yuṣmad: “you.”
yac (यच्): yac is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
chreyaḥ (छ्रेयः): chreyaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
paramaṃ (परमं): highest; Superlative of para, “beyond, further.” The furthest, the highest.
dvija (द्विज): twice-born; dvi-ja “twice-born.” dvija-uttama: upmost of the twice-born.
tad (तद्): that; Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
vadākhilavijñānajalavīcyudadhir (वदाखिलविज्ञानजलवीच्युदधिर्): The core matches the root vad, “to say.”
bhavān (भवान्): you; Honorific “you” (from bhū, the becoming-one as polite you).

भूप पृच्छसि किं श्रेयः परमार्थं नु पृच्छसि श्रेयांस्य् अपरमार्थानि अशेषाण्य् एव भूपते

bhūpa pṛcchasi kiṃ śreyaḥ paramārthaṃ nu pṛcchasi śreyāṃsy aparamārthāni aśeṣāṇy eva bhūpate

[2.14.12] what the better a- (“not”) + śeṣāṇy just

Word make-up

bhūpa (भूप): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
pṛcchasi (पृच्छसि): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
kiṃ (किं): what; Neuter interrogative: “what? why?”
śreyaḥ (श्रेयः): the better; Comparative of śrī / śrī- related “better, more splendid.” The better; what is more excellent.
paramārthaṃ (परमार्थं): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
nu (नु): nu is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
pṛcchasi (पृच्छसि): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
śreyāṃsy (श्रेयांस्य्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
aparamārthāni (अपरमार्थानि): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.” apa- (“away”) + ramārthāni.
aśeṣāṇy (अशेषाण्य्): a- (“not”) + śeṣāṇy; a- (“not”) + śeṣāṇy.
eva (एव): just; Particle of restriction or emphasis: “only, just, indeed.”
bhūpate (भूपते): The core matches the root pat, “to fall.”

देवताराधनं कृत्वा धनसंपदम् इच्छति पुत्रान् इच्छति राज्यं च श्रेयस् तत्प्राप्तिलक्षणम्

devatārādhanaṃ kṛtvā dhanasaṃpadam icchati putrān icchati rājyaṃ ca śreyas tatprāptilakṣaṇam

[2.14.13] doing wishes wishes and the better

Word make-up

devatārādhanaṃ (देवताराधनं): The core matches the root han, “to strike.”
kṛtvā (कृत्वा): doing; From kṛ, “to do, to make.” To do; having done; doing.
dhanasaṃpadam (धनसंपदम्): The core matches the root pad, “to go, to fall.”
icchati (इच्छति): wishes; From iṣ, “to wish.” Wishes; wish.
putrān (पुत्रान्): putrān is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
icchati (इच्छति): wishes; From iṣ, “to wish.” Wishes; wish.
rājyaṃ (राज्यं): The core matches the root rāj, “to shine, to rule.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
śreyas (श्रेयस्): the better; Comparative of śrī / śrī- related “better, more splendid.” The better; what is more excellent.
tatprāptilakṣaṇam (तत्प्राप्तिलक्षणम्): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.”

कर्म यज्ञात्मकं श्रेयः स्वर्लोकफलदायि यत् श्रेयः प्रधानं च फले तद् एवानभिसंहिते

karma yajñātmakaṃ śreyaḥ svarlokaphaladāyi yat śreyaḥ pradhānaṃ ca phale tad evānabhisaṃhite

[2.14.14] action the better which the better and fruit that

Word make-up

karma (कर्म): action; From kṛ, “to do, to make.” The deed, the doing. Not “fate” and not “ritual” unless the verse is about offering.
yajñātmakaṃ (यज्ञात्मकं): The core matches the root yaj, “to offer.”
śreyaḥ (श्रेयः): the better; Comparative of śrī / śrī- related “better, more splendid.” The better; what is more excellent.
svarlokaphaladāyi (स्वर्लोकफलदायि): The core matches the root lok, “to see, to shine.”
yat (यत्): which; Neuter of yad: “which, what, that.” Relative stem ya-.
śreyaḥ (श्रेयः): the better; Comparative of śrī / śrī- related “better, more splendid.” The better; what is more excellent.
pradhānaṃ (प्रधानं): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + dhānaṃ.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
phale (फले): fruit; Fruit; the produce of a deed (from a root of bursting/ripening). Result as fruit, not a score.
tad (तद्): that; Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
evānabhisaṃhite (एवानभिसंहिते): evānabhisaṃhite is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

आत्मा ध्येयः सदा भूप योगयुक्तैस् तथा परम् श्रेयस् तस्यैव संयोगः श्रेयो यः परमात्मनः

ātmā dhyeyaḥ sadā bhūpa yogayuktais tathā param śreyas tasyaiva saṃyogaḥ śreyo yaḥ paramātmanaḥ

[2.14.15] the self always so beyond the better yoking the better who

Word make-up

ātmā (आत्मा): the self; ātman is the self. Related to an, “to breathe”: the breathing one, the inner self of a living being. Not a ghost-soul added from outside; it is the self.
dhyeyaḥ (ध्येयः): dhyeyaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sadā (सदा): always; sa- + dā: “always, at every time.”
bhūpa (भूप): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
yogayuktais (योगयुक्तैस्): yogayuktais is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tathā (तथा): so; ta- + thā: “in that way, so.”
param (परम्): beyond; para: beyond, further, other. As a neuter noun often “what is beyond.”
śreyas (श्रेयस्): the better; Comparative of śrī / śrī- related “better, more splendid.” The better; what is more excellent.
tasyaiva (तस्यैव): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
saṃyogaḥ (संयोगः): yoking; saṃ- (“together”) joined to yogaḥ. From yuj, “to yoke, to join, to harness.” Yoga is a yoking: a joining of the mind, or a harnessing to a method. Not a vague “practice.” Together the form means saṃ + that sense.
śreyo (श्रेयो): the better; Inflected from śreya. Comparative of śrī / śrī- related “better, more splendid.” The better; what is more excellent.
yaḥ (यः): who; Nominative singular of yad: “who, which.”
paramātmanaḥ (परमात्मनः): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”

श्रेयांस्य् एवम् अनेकानि शतशो ऽथ सहस्रशः सन्त्य् अत्र परमार्थास् तु न त्व् एते श्रूयतां च मे

śreyāṃsy evam anekāni śataśo 'tha sahasraśaḥ santy atra paramārthās tu na tv ete śrūyatāṃ ca me

[2.14.16] just here but not these and my

Word make-up

śreyāṃsy (श्रेयांस्य्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
evam (एवम्): just; Inflected from eva. Particle of restriction or emphasis: “only, just, indeed.”
anekāni (अनेकानि): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.” a- (“not”) + nekāni.
śataśo (शतशो): śataśo is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
'tha (ऽथ): 'tha is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sahasraśaḥ (सहस्रशः): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
santy (सन्त्य्): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
atra (अत्र): here; a- + tra: “in this place.” Here.
paramārthās (परमार्थास्): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
na (न): not; Negation: “not.”
tv (त्व्): tv is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ete (एते): these; Nominative plural of etad: “these.”
śrūyatāṃ (श्रूयतां): śrūyatāṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
me (मे): my; Enclitic of asmad: “my / to me / by me,” from the stem asmad “I.”

धर्माय त्यज्यते किं तु परमार्थो धनं यदि व्ययश् च क्रियते कस्मात् कामप्राप्त्युपलक्षणः

dharmāya tyajyate kiṃ tu paramārtho dhanaṃ yadi vyayaś ca kriyate kasmāt kāmaprāptyupalakṣaṇaḥ

[2.14.17] that which holds what but if and is done

Word make-up

dharmāya (धर्माय): that which holds; Inflected from dharma. From dhṛ, “to hold, to uphold.” That which holds, the holding: law, right, the way a thing is held in place. Not a one-word “religion.”
tyajyate (त्यज्यते): The core matches the root tyaj, “to leave.”
kiṃ (किं): what; Neuter interrogative: “what? why?”
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
paramārtho (परमार्थो): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
dhanaṃ (धनं): The core matches the root han, “to strike.”
yadi (यदि): if; ya- + di: “if.”
vyayaś (व्ययश्): vyayaś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
kriyate (क्रियते): is done; Passive of kṛ: it is done.
kasmāt (कस्मात्): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
kāmaprāptyupalakṣaṇaḥ (कामप्राप्त्युपलक्षणः): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.”

पुत्रश् चेत् परमार्थाख्यः सो ऽप्य् अन्यस्य नरेश्वर परमार्थभूतः सो ऽन्यस्य परमार्थो हि तत्पिता

putraś cet paramārthākhyaḥ so 'py anyasya nareśvara paramārthabhūtaḥ so 'nyasya paramārtho hi tatpitā

[2.14.18] another for

Word make-up

putraś (पुत्रश्): putraś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
cet (चेत्): cet is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
paramārthākhyaḥ (परमार्थाख्यः): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
so (सो): so is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
'py (ऽप्य्): 'py is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
anyasya (अन्यस्य): another; Inflected from anya. Nominative singular of anya: “another.”
nareśvara (नरेश्वर): nareśvara is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
paramārthabhūtaḥ (परमार्थभूतः): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
so (सो): so is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
'nyasya (ऽन्यस्य): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
paramārtho (परमार्थो): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
hi (हि): for; Particle: “for, because, indeed” — marks a reason or emphasis.
tatpitā (तत्पिता): tatpitā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

एवं न परमार्थो ऽस्ति जगत्य् अस्मिंश् चराचरे परमार्थो हि कार्याणि कारणानाम् अशेषतः

evaṃ na paramārtho 'sti jagaty asmiṃś carācare paramārtho hi kāryāṇi kāraṇānām aśeṣataḥ

[2.14.19] just not for what-is-to-be-done the causing a- (“not”) + śeṣataḥ

Word make-up

evaṃ (एवं): just; Inflected from eva. Particle of restriction or emphasis: “only, just, indeed.”
na (न): not; Negation: “not.”
paramārtho (परमार्थो): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
'sti (ऽस्ति): 'sti is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
jagaty (जगत्य्): jagaty is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
asmiṃś (अस्मिंश्): The core matches the root as, “to be.” a- (“not”) + smiṃś.
carācare (चराचरे): The core matches the root car, “to move.”
paramārtho (परमार्थो): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
hi (हि): for; Particle: “for, because, indeed” — marks a reason or emphasis.
kāryāṇi (कार्याणि): what-is-to-be-done; From kṛ: what is to be done.
kāraṇānām (कारणानाम्): the causing; Inflected from kāraṇa. From kṛ: the causing; a cause as that which makes.
aśeṣataḥ (अशेषतः): a- (“not”) + śeṣataḥ; a- (“not”) + śeṣataḥ.

राज्यादिप्राप्तिर् अत्रोक्ता परमार्थतया यदि परमार्था भवन्त्य् अत्र न भवन्ति च वै ततः

rājyādiprāptir atroktā paramārthatayā yadi paramārthā bhavanty atra na bhavanti ca vai tataḥ

[2.14.20] a- (“not”) + troktā if here not and indeed then

Word make-up

rājyādiprāptir (राज्यादिप्राप्तिर्): The core matches the root rāj, “to shine, to rule.”
atroktā (अत्रोक्ता): a- (“not”) + troktā; a- (“not”) + troktā.
paramārthatayā (परमार्थतया): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
yadi (यदि): if; ya- + di: “if.”
paramārthā (परमार्था): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
bhavanty (भवन्त्य्): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
atra (अत्र): here; a- + tra: “in this place.” Here.
na (न): not; Negation: “not.”
bhavanti (भवन्ति): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
vai (वै): indeed; Particle of emphasis: “indeed.”
tataḥ (ततः): then; From tad + tas: “from that, then.”

ऋग्यजुःसामनिष्पाद्यं यज्ञकर्म मतं तव परमार्थभूतं तत्रापि श्रूयतां गदतो मम

ṛgyajuḥsāmaniṣpādyaṃ yajñakarma mataṃ tava paramārthabhūtaṃ tatrāpi śrūyatāṃ gadato mama

[2.14.21] thought your my

Word make-up

ṛgyajuḥsāmaniṣpādyaṃ (ऋग्यजुःसामनिष्पाद्यं): The core matches the root yaj, “to offer.”
yajñakarma (यज्ञकर्म): The core matches the root yaj, “to offer.”
mataṃ (मतं): thought; Past participle of man, “to think.” Thought; a held view; “is thought.”
tava (तव): your; Genitive of yuṣmad: “your.”
paramārthabhūtaṃ (परमार्थभूतं): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
tatrāpi (तत्रापि): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.”
śrūyatāṃ (श्रूयतां): śrūyatāṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
gadato (गदतो): gadato is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
mama (मम): my; Genitive of asmad: “of me, my.”

यत् तु निष्पाद्यते कार्यं मृदा कारणभूतया तत् कारणानुगमनाज् ज्ञायते नृप मृण्मयम्

yat tu niṣpādyate kāryaṃ mṛdā kāraṇabhūtayā tat kāraṇānugamanāj jñāyate nṛpa mṛṇmayam

[2.14.22] which but what-is-to-be-done that is known

Word make-up

yat (यत्): which; Neuter of yad: “which, what, that.” Relative stem ya-.
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
niṣpādyate (निष्पाद्यते): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.” niṣ- (“out, without”) + pādyate.
kāryaṃ (कार्यं): what-is-to-be-done; Gerundive of kṛ: what is to be done; the effect as “that which is to-be-made.”
mṛdā (मृदा): The core matches the root mṛ, “to die.”
kāraṇabhūtayā (कारणभूतया): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
tat (तत्): that; Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
kāraṇānugamanāj (कारणानुगमनाज्): The core matches the root man, “to think.”
jñāyate (ज्ञायते): is known; Passive of jñā: it is known.
nṛpa (नृप): nṛpa is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
mṛṇmayam (मृण्मयम्): The core matches the root mṛ, “to die.”

एवं विनाशिभिर् द्रव्यैः समिदाज्यकुशादिभिः निष्पाद्यते क्रिया या तु सा भवित्री विनाशिनी

evaṃ vināśibhir dravyaiḥ samidājyakuśādibhiḥ niṣpādyate kriyā yā tu sā bhavitrī vināśinī

[2.14.23] just vi- (“apart, asunder”) + nāśibhir but she

Word make-up

evaṃ (एवं): just; Inflected from eva. Particle of restriction or emphasis: “only, just, indeed.”
vināśibhir (विनाशिभिर्): vi- (“apart, asunder”) + nāśibhir; vi- (“apart, asunder”) + nāśibhir.
dravyaiḥ (द्रव्यैः): dravyaiḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
samidājyakuśādibhiḥ (समिदाज्यकुशादिभिः): The core matches the root dā, “to give.” sam- (“together”) + idājyakuśādibhiḥ.
niṣpādyate (निष्पाद्यते): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.” niṣ- (“out, without”) + pādyate.
kriyā (क्रिया): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
yā (या): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
sā (सा): she; Nominative feminine of tad: “she, that.”
bhavitrī (भवित्री): bhavitrī is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
vināśinī (विनाशिनी): The core matches the root nī, “to lead.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + nāśinī.

अनाशी परमार्थश् च प्राज्ञैर् अभ्युपगम्यते तत् तु नाशि न संदेहो नाशिद्रव्योपपादितम्

anāśī paramārthaś ca prājñair abhyupagamyate tat tu nāśi na saṃdeho nāśidravyopapāditam

[2.14.24] not perishing and that but perishing not the body

Word make-up

anāśī (अनाशी): not perishing; a- (“not”) joined to nāśī. From naś, “to be lost, to perish.” Loss; perishing. Together the form means a + that sense.
paramārthaś (परमार्थश्): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
prājñair (प्राज्ञैर्): The core matches the root rāj, “to shine, to rule.”
abhyupagamyate (अभ्युपगम्यते): The core matches the root gam, “to go.” a- (“not”) + bhyupagamyate.
tat (तत्): that; Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
nāśi (नाशि): perishing; Inflected from nāśa. From naś, “to be lost, to perish.” Loss; perishing.
na (न): not; Negation: “not.”
saṃdeho (संदेहो): the body; saṃ- (“together”) joined to deho. From dih, “to smear, to plaster.” The plastered thing: the formed body. Together the form means saṃ + that sense.
nāśidravyopapāditam (नाशिद्रव्योपपादितम्): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.”

तद् एवाफलदं कर्म परमार्थो मतस् तव मुक्तिसाधनभूतत्वात् परमार्थो न साधनम्

tad evāphaladaṃ karma paramārtho matas tava muktisādhanabhūtatvāt paramārtho na sādhanam

[2.14.25] that action thought your not

Word make-up

tad (तद्): that; Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
evāphaladaṃ (एवाफलदं): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.”
karma (कर्म): action; From kṛ, “to do, to make.” The deed, the doing. Not “fate” and not “ritual” unless the verse is about offering.
paramārtho (परमार्थो): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
matas (मतस्): thought; Past participle of man, “to think.” Thought; a held view; “is thought.”
tava (तव): your; Genitive of yuṣmad: “your.”
muktisādhanabhūtatvāt (मुक्तिसाधनभूतत्वात्): The core matches the root han, “to strike.”
paramārtho (परमार्थो): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
na (न): not; Negation: “not.”
sādhanam (साधनम्): The core matches the root nam, “to bow.”

ध्यानं चैवात्मनो भूप परमार्थार्थशब्दितम् भेदकारि परेभ्यस् तत् परमार्थो न भेदवान्

dhyānaṃ caivātmano bhūpa paramārthārthaśabditam bhedakāri parebhyas tat paramārtho na bhedavān

[2.14.26] holding-in-mind that not

Word make-up

dhyānaṃ (ध्यानं): holding-in-mind; From dhyai, “to think upon, to hold in mind.” Holding-in-mind; meditation as sustained thinking-upon.
caivātmano (चैवात्मनो): The core matches the root man, “to think.”
bhūpa (भूप): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
paramārthārthaśabditam (परमार्थार्थशब्दितम्): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
bhedakāri (भेदकारि): bhedakāri is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
parebhyas (परेभ्यस्): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
tat (तत्): that; Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
paramārtho (परमार्थो): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
na (न): not; Negation: “not.”
bhedavān (भेदवान्): bhedavān is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

परमात्मात्मनोर् योगः परमार्थ इतीष्यते मिथ्यैतद् अन्यद्रव्यं हि नैति तद्द्रव्यतां यतः

paramātmātmanor yogaḥ paramārtha itīṣyate mithyaitad anyadravyaṃ hi naiti taddravyatāṃ yataḥ

[2.14.27] yoking for which

Word make-up

paramātmātmanor (परमात्मात्मनोर्): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
yogaḥ (योगः): yoking; From yuj, “to yoke, to join, to harness.” Yoga is a yoking: a joining of the mind, or a harnessing to a method. Not a vague “practice.”
paramārtha (परमार्थ): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
itīṣyate (इतीष्यते): itīṣyate is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
mithyaitad (मिथ्यैतद्): mithyaitad is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
anyadravyaṃ (अन्यद्रव्यं): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.” a- (“not”) + nyadravyaṃ.
hi (हि): for; Particle: “for, because, indeed” — marks a reason or emphasis.
naiti (नैति): naiti is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
taddravyatāṃ (तद्द्रव्यतां): taddravyatāṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
yataḥ (यतः): which; Inflected from yat. Neuter of yad: “which, what, that.” Relative stem ya-.

तस्माच् छ्रेयांस्य् अशेषाणि नृपैतानि न संशयः परमार्थस् तु भूपाल संक्षेपाच् छ्रूयतां मम

tasmāc chreyāṃsy aśeṣāṇi nṛpaitāni na saṃśayaḥ paramārthas tu bhūpāla saṃkṣepāc chrūyatāṃ mama

[2.14.28] a- (“not”) + śeṣāṇi not doubt but my

Word make-up

tasmāc (तस्माच्): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
chreyāṃsy (छ्रेयांस्य्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
aśeṣāṇi (अशेषाणि): a- (“not”) + śeṣāṇi; a- (“not”) + śeṣāṇi.
nṛpaitāni (नृपैतानि): nṛpaitāni is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
na (न): not; Negation: “not.”
saṃśayaḥ (संशयः): doubt; sam-śī, “to lie together (in two minds).” Doubt.
paramārthas (परमार्थस्): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
bhūpāla (भूपाल): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
saṃkṣepāc (संक्षेपाच्): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.” saṃ- (“together”) + kṣepāc.
chrūyatāṃ (छ्रूयतां): chrūyatāṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
mama (मम): my; Genitive of asmad: “of me, my.”

एको व्यापी समः शुद्धो निर्गुणः प्रकृतेः परः जन्मवृद्ध्यादिरहित आत्मा सर्वगतो ऽव्ययः

eko vyāpī samaḥ śuddho nirguṇaḥ prakṛteḥ paraḥ janmavṛddhyādirahita ātmā sarvagato 'vyayaḥ

[2.14.29] one even strand the making-forth beyond the self

Word make-up

eko (एको): one; Inflected from eka. eka: one. The one, a single.
vyāpī (व्यापी): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.”
samaḥ (समः): even; sama: same, even, equal. Evenness.
śuddho (शुद्धो): śuddho is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
nirguṇaḥ (निर्गुणः): strand; nir- (“out, without”) joined to guṇaḥ. A strand, a thread, then a constituent quality. In Sāṅkhya, the three strands that braid experience. Not a moral “virtue.” Together the form means nir + that sense.
prakṛteḥ (प्रकृतेः): the making-forth; pra- (“forth”) + kṛ (“to make”) + -ti. The making-forth.
paraḥ (परः): beyond; para: beyond, further, other. As a neuter noun often “what is beyond.”
janmavṛddhyādirahita (जन्मवृद्ध्यादिरहित): The core matches the root jan, “to be born.”
ātmā (आत्मा): the self; ātman is the self. Related to an, “to breathe”: the breathing one, the inner self of a living being. Not a ghost-soul added from outside; it is the self.
sarvagato (सर्वगतो): sarvagato is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
'vyayaḥ (ऽव्ययः): 'vyayaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

परज्ञानमयो ऽसद्भिर् नामजात्यादिभिर् विभुः न योगवान् न युक्तो ऽभून् नैव पार्थिव योक्ष्यति

parajñānamayo 'sadbhir nāmajātyādibhir vibhuḥ na yogavān na yukto 'bhūn naiva pārthiva yokṣyati

[2.14.30] not not yoked not at all

Word make-up

parajñānamayo (परज्ञानमयो): The core matches the root nam, “to bow.”
'sadbhir (ऽसद्भिर्): The core matches the root sad, “to sit.”
nāmajātyādibhir (नामजात्यादिभिर्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
vibhuḥ (विभुः): The core matches the root hu, “to pour the offering.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + bhuḥ.
na (न): not; Negation: “not.”
yogavān (योगवान्): yogavān is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
na (न): not; Negation: “not.”
yukto (युक्तो): yoked; Inflected from yukta. From yuj, “to yoke, to join.” Is yoked; yoked; having yoked.
'bhūn (ऽभून्): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
naiva (नैव): not at all; na “not” + eva “just.”
pārthiva (पार्थिव): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.”
yokṣyati (योक्ष्यति): yokṣyati is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

तस्यात्मपरदेहेषु सतो ऽप्य् एकमयं हि यत् विज्ञानं परमार्थो ऽसौ द्वैतिनो ऽतत्त्वदर्शिनः

tasyātmaparadeheṣu sato 'py ekamayaṃ hi yat vijñānaṃ paramārtho 'sau dvaitino 'tattvadarśinaḥ

[2.14.31] what is for which discerning-knowing

Word make-up

tasyātmaparadeheṣu (तस्यात्मपरदेहेषु): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
sato (सतो): what is; Inflected from sat. Present participle of as, “to be”: “being, what is.”
'py (ऽप्य्): 'py is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ekamayaṃ (एकमयं): The core matches the root kam, “to desire.”
hi (हि): for; Particle: “for, because, indeed” — marks a reason or emphasis.
yat (यत्): which; Neuter of yad: “which, what, that.” Relative stem ya-.
vijñānaṃ (विज्ञानं): discerning-knowing; vi- (“apart, asunder”) + jñāna (jñā, “to know”). Discerning knowing: knowing that sorts things apart.
paramārtho (परमार्थो): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
'sau (ऽसौ): 'sau is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
dvaitino (द्वैतिनो): dvaitino is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
'tattvadarśinaḥ (ऽतत्त्वदर्शिनः): The core matches the root vad, “to say.”

वेणुरन्ध्रविभेदेन भेदः षड्जादिसंज्ञितः अभेदव्यापिनो वायोस् तथा तस्य महात्मनः

veṇurandhravibhedena bhedaḥ ṣaḍjādisaṃjñitaḥ abhedavyāpino vāyos tathā tasya mahātmanaḥ

[2.14.32] so of that

Word make-up

veṇurandhravibhedena (वेणुरन्ध्रविभेदेन): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
bhedaḥ (भेदः): bhedaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ṣaḍjādisaṃjñitaḥ (षड्जादिसंज्ञितः): ṣaḍjādisaṃjñitaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
abhedavyāpino (अभेदव्यापिनो): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.” a- (“not”) + bhedavyāpino.
vāyos (वायोस्): vāyos is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tathā (तथा): so; ta- + thā: “in that way, so.”
tasya (तस्य): of that; Genitive of tad: “of that, his.”
mahātmanaḥ (महात्मनः): The core matches the root man, “to think.”

एकत्वं रूपभेदश् च बाह्यकर्मप्रवृत्तिजः देवादिभेदे ऽपध्वस्ते नास्त्य् एवावरणो हि सः

ekatvaṃ rūpabhedaś ca bāhyakarmapravṛttijaḥ devādibhede 'padhvaste nāsty evāvaraṇo hi saḥ

[2.14.33] and for he

Word make-up

ekatvaṃ (एकत्वं): ekatvaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
rūpabhedaś (रूपभेदश्): rūpabhedaś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
bāhyakarmapravṛttijaḥ (बाह्यकर्मप्रवृत्तिजः): The core matches the root vṛt, “to turn.”
devādibhede (देवादिभेदे): devādibhede is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
'padhvaste (ऽपध्वस्ते): The core matches the root vas, “to dwell.”
nāsty (नास्त्य्): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
evāvaraṇo (एवावरणो): evāvaraṇo is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
hi (हि): for; Particle: “for, because, indeed” — marks a reason or emphasis.
saḥ (सः): he; Nominative singular masculine of tad: “he, that one.”

Viṣṇu Purāṇa

Dvitīya Aṃśa, Caturdaśa Adhyāya

Devanagari scan