adhas(अधस्)
below
Indeclinable: “below.”
Word senses
Dvitīya Aṃśa, Saptama Adhyāya · Back to chapter
English lines use these phrases for common nouns. Only names (people, deities, epithets) stay in Sanskrit in the translation.
ādibījāt(आदिबीजात्)
ā- (“unto, fully”) + dibījāt
ā- (“unto, fully”) + dibījāt.
ananta(अनन्त)
without end
Inflected from ananta. a- + anta: without end.
apare(अपरे)
others
Nominative plural of apara: “others, the further ones.” a-para, “not the near.”
ātmanaḥ(आत्मनः)
the self
ātman is the self. Related to an, “to breathe”: the breathing one, the inner self of a living being. Not a ghost-soul added from outside; it is the self.
āvirbhāvam(आविर्भावम्)
ā- (“unto, fully”) + virbhāvam
ā- (“unto, fully”) + virbhāvam.
bahiḥ(बहिः)
outside
Indeclinable: “outside.”
bhagavān(भगवान्)
the Lord
bhaga (“share, portion, majesty,” from bhaj “to share”) + -vant “possessing.” One who has the share of majesty. The Lord as the one possessed of majesty, not a first name.
bījaṃ(बीजं)
seed
bīja: seed (what is to be born from).
brahma(ब्रह्म)
that-which-is-vast (brahman)
Neuter of brahman, from bṛh, “to grow, to swell, to be vast.” It names that which is vast — an entity, not a person. The creator god is a different word, Brahmā (masculine). A brāhmaṇa is a person of that class.
brahman(ब्रह्मन्)
that-which-is-vast (brahman)
Neuter of brahman, from bṛh, “to grow, to swell, to be vast.” It names that which is vast — an entity, not a person. The creator god is a different word, Brahmā (masculine). A brāhmaṇa is a person of that class.
brahmaṇaḥ(ब्रह्मणः)
that-which-is-vast (brahman)
Neuter of brahman, from bṛh, “to grow, to swell, to be vast.” It names that which is vast — an entity, not a person. The creator god is a different word, Brahmā (masculine). A brāhmaṇa is a person of that class.
cāpa(चाप)
bow
Inflected from cāpa. dhanus: bow. cāpa also bow.
devāḥ(देवाः)
shining one
From div, “to shine.” A shining one; a god as a shining being, not a generic “God.”
dve(द्वे)
two
dvi: two. Dual forms “these two.”
dvija(द्विज)
twice-born
dvi-ja “twice-born.” dvija-uttama: upmost of the twice-born.
dvijottama(द्विजोत्तम)
twice-born
dvi-ja “twice-born.” dvija-uttama: upmost of the twice-born.
ekaṃ(एकं)
one
eka: one. The one, a single.
eṣa(एष)
this one
Inflected from eṣa. Masculine of etad: “this one.”
etad(एतद्)
this
Neuter of etad: “this here.” e- + tad.
etat(एतत्)
this
Neuter of etad: “this here.” e- + tad.
ete(एते)
these
Nominative plural of etad: “these.”
idaṃ(इदं)
this
Neuter of idam: “this” (near).
jagat(जगत्)
the moving world
From gam, “to go” (intensive): that which keeps going, the moving world.
kāraṇaṃ(कारणं)
the causing
From kṛ: the causing; a cause as that which makes.
kartā(कर्ता)
the doer
Agent noun from kṛ, “to do.” The doer.
lokā(लोका)
world
From lok, “to see”: a seen-world.
madhye(मध्ये)
middle
madhya: middle.
mahāntaṃ(महान्तं)
great
mahat: great. From mah, “to be great.”
mahatā(महता)
great
mahat: great. From mah, “to be great.”
niśākarāt(निशाकरात्)
ni- (“down, in”) + śākarāt
ni- (“down, in”) + śākarāt.
niyutāni(नियुतानि)
ni- (“down, in”) + yutāni
ni- (“down, in”) + yutāni.
parā(परा)
beyond
para: beyond, further, other. As a neuter noun often “what is beyond.”
paraṃ(परं)
beyond
para: beyond, further, other. As a neuter noun often “what is beyond.”
paripaṭhyate(परिपठ्यते)
pari- (“around”) + paṭhyate
pari- (“around”) + paṭhyate.
paripṛcchate(परिपृच्छते)
pari- (“around”) + pṛcchate
pari- (“around”) + pṛcchate.
pariveṣṭitaḥ(परिवेष्टितः)
pari- (“around”) + veṣṭitaḥ
pari- (“around”) + veṣṭitaḥ.
prakāśate(प्रकाशते)
pra- (“forth, forward”) + kāśate
pra- (“forth, forward”) + kāśate.
prakṛtiḥ(प्रकृतिः)
the making-forth
pra- (“forth”) + kṛ (“to make”) + -ti. The making-forth.
prarohahetusāmagrīm(प्ररोहहेतुसामग्रीम्)
pra- (“forth, forward”) + rohahetusāmagrīm
pra- (“forth, forward”) + rohahetusāmagrīm.
praroham(प्ररोहम्)
pra- (“forth, forward”) + roham
pra- (“forth, forward”) + roham.
pūrṇa(पूर्ण)
full
Inflected from pūrṇa. From pṝ, “to fill.” Filled, full.
sa(स)
he
Nominative singular masculine of tad: “he, that one.”
sā(सा)
she
Nominative feminine of tad: “she, that.”
saḥ(सः)
he
Nominative singular masculine of tad: “he, that one.”
sakta(सक्त)
clings
Inflected from sakta. From sañj, “to cling.” Clings; clung.
saṃśrayadharmiṇau(संश्रयधर्मिणौ)
saṃ- (“together”) + śrayadharmiṇau
saṃ- (“together”) + śrayadharmiṇau.
sapta(सप्त)
seven
saptan: seven.
sarva(सर्व)
all
Inflected from sarva. sarva: whole, all. The entire, not a leftover.
sarvam(सर्वम्)
all
sarva: whole, all. The entire, not a leftover.
sarvaṃ(सर्वं)
all
sarva: whole, all. The entire, not a leftover.
sarvata(सर्वत)
all
Inflected from sarvata. sarva: whole, all. The entire, not a leftover.
satyam(सत्यम्)
being-true
From sat, “being” (as, “to be”). Being-true; what is as it is.
sthita(स्थित)
standing
Inflected from sthita. From sthā, “to stand.” Standing-place; stood; having stood; stands.
sthitaḥ(स्थितः)
standing
From sthā, “to stand.” Standing-place; stood; having stood; stands.
śūnya(शून्य)
empty
Inflected from śūnya. śūnya: empty.
surādayaḥ(सुरादयः)
su- (“well, good”) + rādayaḥ
su- (“well, good”) + rādayaḥ.
sutāḥ(सुताः)
su- (“well, good”) + tāḥ
su- (“well, good”) + tāḥ.
tataḥ(ततः)
then
From tad + tas: “from that, then.”
tatas(ततस्)
then
From tad + tas: “from that, then.”
tathā(तथा)
so
ta- + thā: “in that way, so.”
tathaiva(तथैव)
likewise
tathā + eva: just so, likewise.
tatra(तत्र)
there
ta- + tra: “in that place, there.”
teṣāṃ(तेषां)
of them
Genitive plural of tad: “of them.”
tiryak(तिर्यक्)
across
Indeclinable: “across, horizontally.”
tiṣṭhati(तिष्ठति)
standing
From sthā, “to stand.” Standing-place; stood; having stood; stands.
traya(त्रय)
three
Inflected from traya. tri: three.
ūrdhvaṃ(ऊर्ध्वं)
upward
ūrdhva: “upward.”
utsedhena(उत्सेधेन)
ut- (“up, out”) + sedhena
ut- (“up, out”) + sedhena.
vāpi(वापि)
or even
vā “or” + api “even.”
vidyate(विद्यते)
know
From vid, “to know” (vetti, viduḥ, viddhi) or “to be found” (vidyate). Knows; they know; is found; know!
vinaśyati(विनश्यति)
perishes
From naś, “to perish.” Perishes. vi-naś: perishes fully.
vistaraḥ(विस्तरः)
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + staraḥ
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + staraḥ.
vistāraparimaṇḍalāt(विस्तारपरिमण्डलात्)
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + stāraparimaṇḍalāt
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + stāraparimaṇḍalāt.
vistaro(विस्तरो)
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + staro
vi- (“apart, asunder”) + staro.
yathā(यथा)
as
ya- + thā: “in which way, as.”
yāti(याति)
going
From gam / yā, “to go.” Goes; they go; having gone; gone; he goes.
yatra(यत्र)
where
ya- + tra: “in which place, where.”