Dvitīya Aṃśa, Tṛtīya Adhyāya

इति श्रीविष्णुपुराणे द्वितीये ऽंशे द्वितीयो ऽध्यायः उत्तरं यत् समुद्रस्य हिमाद्रेश् चैव दक्षिणम् वर्षं तद् भारतं नाम भारती यत्र संततिः

[[iti śrīviṣṇupurāṇe dvitīye 'ṃśe dvitīyo 'dhyāyaḥ ]] uttaraṃ yat samudrasya himādreś caiva dakṣiṇam varṣaṃ tad bhārataṃ nāma bhāratī yatra saṃtatiḥ

[2.3.1] ut- (“up, out”) + taraṃ which that bhārataṃ name bhāratī where that

Word make-up

[[iti (इति): [[iti is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
śrīviṣṇupurāṇe (श्रीविष्णुपुराणे): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.”
dvitīye (द्वितीये): dvitīye is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
'ṃśe (ऽंशे): 'ṃśe is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
dvitīyo (द्वितीयो): dvitīyo is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
'dhyāyaḥ (ऽध्यायः): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
]]: ]] is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
uttaraṃ (उत्तरं): ut- (“up, out”) + taraṃ; ut- (“up, out”) + taraṃ.
yat (यत्): which; Neuter of yad: “which, what, that.” Relative stem ya-.
samudrasya (समुद्रस्य): The core matches the root mud, “to be glad.” sam- (“together”) + udrasya.
himādreś (हिमाद्रेश्): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
caiva (चैव): caiva is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
dakṣiṇam (दक्षिणम्): The core matches the root kṣi, “to dwell / to destroy.”
varṣaṃ (वर्षं): varṣaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tad (तद्): that; Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
bhārataṃ (भारतं): O bearer-descended one; used for Arjuna and for Dhṛtarāṣṭra; Inflected from bhārata. bhārata: descendant of Bharata (bhar, “to bear”). O bearer-descended one; used for Arjuna and for Dhṛtarāṣṭra.
nāma (नाम): name; nāman: name, from a root of bending/marking. The name.
bhāratī (भारती): O bearer-descended one; used for Arjuna and for Dhṛtarāṣṭra; Inflected from bhārata. bhārata: descendant of Bharata (bhar, “to bear”). O bearer-descended one; used for Arjuna and for Dhṛtarāṣṭra.
yatra (यत्र): where; ya- + tra: “in which place, where.”
saṃtatiḥ (संततिः): that; saṃ- (“together”) joined to tatiḥ. Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-. Together the form means saṃ + that sense.

नवयोजनसाहस्रो विस्तारो ऽस्य महामुने कर्मभूमिर् इयं स्वर्गम् अपवर्गं च गच्छताम्

navayojanasāhasro vistāro 'sya mahāmune karmabhūmir iyaṃ svargam apavargaṃ ca gacchatām

[2.3.2] vi- (“apart, asunder”) + stāro this apa- (“away”) + vargaṃ and

Word make-up

navayojanasāhasro (नवयोजनसाहस्रो): The core matches the root jan, “to be born.”
vistāro (विस्तारो): vi- (“apart, asunder”) + stāro; vi- (“apart, asunder”) + stāro.
'sya (ऽस्य): 'sya is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
mahāmune (महामुने): mahāmune is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
karmabhūmir (कर्मभूमिर्): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
iyaṃ (इयं): this; Feminine of idam: “this.”
svargam (स्वर्गम्): The core matches the root gam, “to go.”
apavargaṃ (अपवर्गं): apa- (“away”) + vargaṃ; apa- (“away”) + vargaṃ.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
gacchatām (गच्छताम्): gacchatām is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

महेन्द्रो मलयः सह्यः शुक्तिमान् ऋक्षपर्वतः विन्ध्यश् च पारियात्रश् च सप्तात्र कुलपर्वताः

mahendro malayaḥ sahyaḥ śuktimān ṛkṣaparvataḥ vindhyaś ca pāriyātraś ca saptātra kulaparvatāḥ

[2.3.3] vi- (“apart, asunder”) + ndhyaś and and

Word make-up

mahendro (महेन्द्रो): mahendro is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
malayaḥ (मलयः): malayaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sahyaḥ (सह्यः): sahyaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
śuktimān (शुक्तिमान्): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
ṛkṣaparvataḥ (ऋक्षपर्वतः): ṛkṣaparvataḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
vindhyaś (विन्ध्यश्): vi- (“apart, asunder”) + ndhyaś; vi- (“apart, asunder”) + ndhyaś.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
pāriyātraś (पारियात्रश्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
saptātra (सप्तात्र): saptātra is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
kulaparvatāḥ (कुलपर्वताः): kulaparvatāḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

अतः संप्राप्यते स्वर्गो मुक्तिम् अस्मात् प्रयान्ति च तिर्यक्त्वं नरकं चापि यान्त्य् अतः पुरुषा मुने

ataḥ saṃprāpyate svargo muktim asmāt prayānti ca tiryaktvaṃ narakaṃ cāpi yānty ataḥ puruṣā mune

[2.3.4] hence reaching going and bow hence the Person

Word make-up

ataḥ (अतः): hence; From idam/a-tas: “hence, therefore.”
saṃprāpyate (संप्राप्यते): reaching; saṃ- (“together”) joined to prāpyate. pra- āp, “to reach, to obtain.” Having reached; reaches. Together the form means saṃ + that sense.
svargo (स्वर्गो): svargo is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
muktim (मुक्तिम्): muktim is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
asmāt (अस्मात्): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.” a- (“not”) + smāt.
prayānti (प्रयान्ति): going; pra- (“forth, forward”) joined to yānti. From gam / yā, “to go.” Goes; they go; having gone; gone; he goes. Together the form means pra + that sense.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
tiryaktvaṃ (तिर्यक्त्वं): tiryaktvaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
narakaṃ (नरकं): narakaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
cāpi (चापि): bow; Inflected from cāpa. dhanus: bow. cāpa also bow.
yānty (यान्त्य्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
ataḥ (अतः): hence; From idam/a-tas: “hence, therefore.”
puruṣā (पुरुषा): the Person; Inflected from puruṣa. Often analysed as pūr “filling” or pur “citadel” + śī “to lie”: the one who lies in the stronghold (the body). The Person, as against prakṛti the making-forth.
mune (मुने): mune is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

इतः स्वर्गश् च मोक्षश् च मध्यं चान्तश् च गम्यते न खल्व् अन्यत्र मर्त्यानां कर्म भूमौ विधीयते

itaḥ svargaś ca mokṣaś ca madhyaṃ cāntaś ca gamyate na khalv anyatra martyānāṃ karma bhūmau vidhīyate

[2.3.5] and and middle and not not where action

Word make-up

itaḥ (इतः): itaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
svargaś (स्वर्गश्): svargaś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
mokṣaś (मोक्षश्): mokṣaś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
madhyaṃ (मध्यं): middle; madhya: middle.
cāntaś (चान्तश्): cāntaś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
gamyate (गम्यते): The core matches the root gam, “to go.”
na (न): not; Negation: “not.”
khalv (खल्व्): khalv is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
anyatra (अन्यत्र): not where; an- (“not,” before vowels) joined to yatra. ya- + tra: “in which place, where.” Together the form means an + that sense.
martyānāṃ (मर्त्यानां): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
karma (कर्म): action; From kṛ, “to do, to make.” The deed, the doing. Not “fate” and not “ritual” unless the verse is about offering.
bhūmau (भूमौ): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
vidhīyate (विधीयते): The core matches the root vid, “to know / to find.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + dhīyate.

भारतस्यास्य वर्षस्य नव भेदान् निशामय इन्द्रद्वीपः कसेरुश् च ताम्रपर्णो गभस्तिमान्

bhāratasyāsya varṣasya nava bhedān niśāmaya indradvīpaḥ kaseruś ca tāmraparṇo gabhastimān

[2.3.6] nine ni- (“down, in”) + śāmaya and

Word make-up

bhāratasyāsya (भारतस्यास्य): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
varṣasya (वर्षस्य): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
nava (नव): nine; navan: nine. Also nava “new.”
bhedān (भेदान्): The core matches the root dā, “to give.”
niśāmaya (निशामय): ni- (“down, in”) + śāmaya; ni- (“down, in”) + śāmaya.
indradvīpaḥ (इन्द्रद्वीपः): indradvīpaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
kaseruś (कसेरुश्): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
tāmraparṇo (ताम्रपर्णो): tāmraparṇo is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
gabhastimān (गभस्तिमान्): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”

नागद्वीपस् तथा सौम्यो गान्धर्वस् त्व् अथ वारुणः अयं तु नवमस् तेषां द्वीपः सागरसंवृतः

nāgadvīpas tathā saumyo gāndharvas tv atha vāruṇaḥ ayaṃ tu navamas teṣāṃ dvīpaḥ sāgarasaṃvṛtaḥ

[2.3.7] so then this but of them

Word make-up

nāgadvīpas (नागद्वीपस्): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
tathā (तथा): so; ta- + thā: “in that way, so.”
saumyo (सौम्यो): saumyo is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
gāndharvas (गान्धर्वस्): The core matches the root vas, “to dwell.”
tv (त्व्): tv is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
atha (अथ): then; Particle: “then, now” — starts a new move.
vāruṇaḥ (वारुणः): vāruṇaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ayaṃ (अयं): this; Masculine of idam: “this one.”
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
navamas (नवमस्): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
teṣāṃ (तेषां): of them; Genitive plural of tad: “of them.”
dvīpaḥ (द्वीपः): dvīpaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sāgarasaṃvṛtaḥ (सागरसंवृतः): The core matches the root vṛt, “to turn.”

योजनानां सहस्रं तु द्वीपो ऽयं दक्षिणोत्तरात् पूर्वे किराता यस्यान्ते पश्चिमे यवनाः स्थिताः

yojanānāṃ sahasraṃ tu dvīpo 'yaṃ dakṣiṇottarāt pūrve kirātā yasyānte paścime yavanāḥ sthitāḥ

[2.3.8] a thousand but standing

Word make-up

yojanānāṃ (योजनानां): The core matches the root jan, “to be born.”
sahasraṃ (सहस्रं): a thousand; sahasra: a thousand.
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
dvīpo (द्वीपो): dvīpo is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
'yaṃ (ऽयं): 'yaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
dakṣiṇottarāt (दक्षिणोत्तरात्): The core matches the root kṣi, “to dwell / to destroy.”
pūrve (पूर्वे): The core matches the root pū, “to purify.”
kirātā (किराता): kirātā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
yasyānte (यस्यान्ते): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
paścime (पश्चिमे): paścime is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
yavanāḥ (यवनाः): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
sthitāḥ (स्थिताः): standing; Inflected from sthita. From sthā, “to stand.” Standing-place; stood; having stood; stands.

ब्राह्मणाः क्षत्रिया वैश्या मध्ये शूद्राश् च भागशः इज्यायुधवणिज्याद्यैर् वर्तयन्तो व्यवस्थिताः

brāhmaṇāḥ kṣatriyā vaiśyā madhye śūdrāś ca bhāgaśaḥ ijyāyudhavaṇijyādyair vartayanto vyavasthitāḥ

[2.3.9] a brāhmaṇa warrior-ruler a vaiśya middle and

Word make-up

brāhmaṇāḥ (ब्राह्मणाः): a brāhmaṇa; Belonging to brahman (that-which-is-vast). A person of that class; not the same word as brahma.
kṣatriyā (क्षत्रिया): warrior-ruler; Inflected from kṣatriya. From kṣatra, “dominion, power to wound/rule” (kṣi / kṣat). One of the ruling-warrior class.
vaiśyā (वैश्या): a vaiśya; Inflected from vaiśya. From viś, “settlement, the people.” One of the settler/producer class.
madhye (मध्ये): middle; madhya: middle.
śūdrāś (शूद्राश्): śūdrāś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
bhāgaśaḥ (भागशः): bhāgaśaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ijyāyudhavaṇijyādyair (इज्यायुधवणिज्याद्यैर्): The core matches the root yudh, “to fight.”
vartayanto (वर्तयन्तो): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
vyavasthitāḥ (व्यवस्थिताः): The core matches the root vas, “to dwell.”

शतद्रूचन्द्रभागाद्या हिमवत्पादनिःसृताः वेदस्मृतिमुखाश् चान्याः पारियात्रोद्भवा मुने

śatadrūcandrabhāgādyā himavatpādaniḥsṛtāḥ vedasmṛtimukhāś cānyāḥ pāriyātrodbhavā mune

[2.3.10]

Word make-up

śatadrūcandrabhāgādyā (शतद्रूचन्द्रभागाद्या): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
himavatpādaniḥsṛtāḥ (हिमवत्पादनिःसृताः): The core matches the root sṛ, “to flow.”
vedasmṛtimukhāś (वेदस्मृतिमुखाश्): The core matches the root smṛ, “to remember.”
cānyāḥ (चान्याः): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
pāriyātrodbhavā (पारियात्रोद्भवा): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
mune (मुने): mune is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

नर्मदासुरसाद्याश् च नद्यो विन्ध्याद्रिनिर्गताः तापीपयोष्णीनिर्विन्ध्याप्रमुखा ऋक्षसंभवाः

narmadāsurasādyāś ca nadyo vindhyādrinirgatāḥ tāpīpayoṣṇīnirvindhyāpramukhā ṛkṣasaṃbhavāḥ

[2.3.11] and

Word make-up

narmadāsurasādyāś (नर्मदासुरसाद्याश्): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
nadyo (नद्यो): nadyo is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
vindhyādrinirgatāḥ (विन्ध्याद्रिनिर्गताः): The core matches the root yā, “to go.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + ndhyādrinirgatāḥ.
tāpīpayoṣṇīnirvindhyāpramukhā (तापीपयोष्णीनिर्विन्ध्याप्रमुखा): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
ṛkṣasaṃbhavāḥ (ऋक्षसंभवाः): The core matches the root as, “to be.”

गोदावरी भीमरथी कृष्णवेण्यादिकास् तथा सह्यपादोद्भवा नद्यः स्मृताः पापभयापहाः

godāvarī bhīmarathī kṛṣṇaveṇyādikās tathā sahyapādodbhavā nadyaḥ smṛtāḥ pāpabhayāpahāḥ

[2.3.12] so

Word make-up

godāvarī (गोदावरी): The core matches the root dā, “to give.”
bhīmarathī (भीमरथी): The core matches the root bhī, “to fear.”
kṛṣṇaveṇyādikās (कृष्णवेण्यादिकास्): The core matches the root kṛṣ, “to drag, to plough.”
tathā (तथा): so; ta- + thā: “in that way, so.”
sahyapādodbhavā (सह्यपादोद्भवा): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.”
nadyaḥ (नद्यः): nadyaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
smṛtāḥ (स्मृताः): The core matches the root smṛ, “to remember.”
pāpabhayāpahāḥ (पापभयापहाः): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.”

कृतमालाताम्रपर्णीप्रमुखा मलयोद्भवाः त्रिसामा ऋषिकुल्याद्या महेन्द्रप्रभवाः स्मृताः

kṛtamālātāmraparṇīpramukhā malayodbhavāḥ trisāmā ṛṣikulyādyā mahendraprabhavāḥ smṛtāḥ

[2.3.13]

Word make-up

kṛtamālātāmraparṇīpramukhā (कृतमालाताम्रपर्णीप्रमुखा): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
malayodbhavāḥ (मलयोद्भवाः): malayodbhavāḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
trisāmā (त्रिसामा): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
ṛṣikulyādyā (ऋषिकुल्याद्या): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
mahendraprabhavāḥ (महेन्द्रप्रभवाः): mahendraprabhavāḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
smṛtāḥ (स्मृताः): The core matches the root smṛ, “to remember.”

ऋषिकुल्याकुमाराद्याः शुक्तिमत्पादसंभवाः आसां नद्युपनद्यश् च सन्त्य् अन्याश् च सहस्रशः

ṛṣikulyākumārādyāḥ śuktimatpādasaṃbhavāḥ āsāṃ nadyupanadyaś ca santy anyāś ca sahasraśaḥ

[2.3.14] she and and

Word make-up

ṛṣikulyākumārādyāḥ (ऋषिकुल्याकुमाराद्याः): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
śuktimatpādasaṃbhavāḥ (शुक्तिमत्पादसंभवाः): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.”
āsāṃ (आसां): she; ā- (“unto, fully”) joined to sāṃ. Nominative feminine of tad: “she, that.” Together the form means ā + that sense.
nadyupanadyaś (नद्युपनद्यश्): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
santy (सन्त्य्): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
anyāś (अन्याश्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.” a- (“not”) + nyāś.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
sahasraśaḥ (सहस्रशः): The core matches the root as, “to be.”

तास्व् इमे कुरुपाञ्चाला मध्यदेशादयो जनाः पूर्वदेशादिकाश् चैव कामरूपनिवासिनः

tāsv ime kurupāñcālā madhyadeśādayo janāḥ pūrvadeśādikāś caiva kāmarūpanivāsinaḥ

[2.3.15] these

Word make-up

tāsv (तास्व्): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
ime (इमे): these; Dual/plural of idam: “these.”
kurupāñcālā (कुरुपाञ्चाला): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.”
madhyadeśādayo (मध्यदेशादयो): madhyadeśādayo is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
janāḥ (जनाः): The core matches the root jan, “to be born.”
pūrvadeśādikāś (पूर्वदेशादिकाश्): The core matches the root vad, “to say.”
caiva (चैव): caiva is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
kāmarūpanivāsinaḥ (कामरूपनिवासिनः): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”

पुण्ड्राः कलिङ्गा मगधा दाक्षिणाद्याश् च कृत्स्नशः तथापरान्ताः सौराष्ट्राः शूराभीरास् तथार्बुदाः

puṇḍrāḥ kaliṅgā magadhā dākṣiṇādyāś ca kṛtsnaśaḥ tathāparāntāḥ saurāṣṭrāḥ śūrābhīrās tathārbudāḥ

[2.3.16] and

Word make-up

puṇḍrāḥ (पुण्ड्राः): puṇḍrāḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
kaliṅgā (कलिङ्गा): kaliṅgā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
magadhā (मगधा): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.”
dākṣiṇādyāś (दाक्षिणाद्याश्): The core matches the root kṣi, “to dwell / to destroy.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
kṛtsnaśaḥ (कृत्स्नशः): The core matches the root naś, “to perish.”
tathāparāntāḥ (तथापरान्ताः): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.”
saurāṣṭrāḥ (सौराष्ट्राः): saurāṣṭrāḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
śūrābhīrās (शूराभीरास्): The core matches the root bhī, “to fear.”
tathārbudāḥ (तथार्बुदाः): The core matches the root dā, “to give.”

कारूषा मालवाश् चैव पारियात्रनिवासिनः सौवीराः सैन्धवा हूणाः साल्वाः शाकलवासिनः

kārūṣā mālavāś caiva pāriyātranivāsinaḥ sauvīrāḥ saindhavā hūṇāḥ sālvāḥ śākalavāsinaḥ

[2.3.17]

Word make-up

kārūṣā (कारूषा): kārūṣā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
mālavāś (मालवाश्): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
caiva (चैव): caiva is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
pāriyātranivāsinaḥ (पारियात्रनिवासिनः): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
sauvīrāḥ (सौवीराः): sauvīrāḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
saindhavā (सैन्धवा): saindhavā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
hūṇāḥ (हूणाः): hūṇāḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sālvāḥ (साल्वाः): sālvāḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
śākalavāsinaḥ (शाकलवासिनः): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”

मद्रा रामास् तथाम्बष्ठाः पारसीकादयस् तथा आसां पिबन्ति सलिलं वसन्ति सरितां सदा समीपतो महाभागा हृष्टपुष्टजनाकुलाः

madrā rāmās tathāmbaṣṭhāḥ pārasīkādayas tathā āsāṃ pibanti salilaṃ vasanti saritāṃ sadā samīpato mahābhāgā hṛṣṭapuṣṭajanākulāḥ

[2.3.18] so she always

Word make-up

madrā (मद्रा): madrā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
rāmās (रामास्): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
tathāmbaṣṭhāḥ (तथाम्बष्ठाः): tathāmbaṣṭhāḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
pārasīkādayas (पारसीकादयस्): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.”
tathā (तथा): so; ta- + thā: “in that way, so.”
āsāṃ (आसां): she; ā- (“unto, fully”) joined to sāṃ. Nominative feminine of tad: “she, that.” Together the form means ā + that sense.
pibanti (पिबन्ति): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
salilaṃ (सलिलं): salilaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
vasanti (वसन्ति): The core matches the root vas, “to dwell.”
saritāṃ (सरितां): saritāṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sadā (सदा): always; sa- + dā: “always, at every time.”
samīpato (समीपतो): The core matches the root pat, “to fall.” sam- (“together”) + īpato.
mahābhāgā (महाभागा): mahābhāgā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
hṛṣṭapuṣṭajanākulāḥ (हृष्टपुष्टजनाकुलाः): The core matches the root jan, “to be born.”

चत्वारि भारते वर्षे युगान्य् अत्र महामुने कृतं त्रेता द्वापरं च कलिश् चान्यत्र न क्वचित्

catvāri bhārate varṣe yugāny atra mahāmune kṛtaṃ tretā dvāparaṃ ca kaliś cānyatra na kvacit

[2.3.19] four bhārate here and not

Word make-up

catvāri (चत्वारि): four; catur: four.
bhārate (भारते): O bearer-descended one; used for Arjuna and for Dhṛtarāṣṭra; Inflected from bhārata. bhārata: descendant of Bharata (bhar, “to bear”). O bearer-descended one; used for Arjuna and for Dhṛtarāṣṭra.
varṣe (वर्षे): varṣe is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
yugāny (युगान्य्): yugāny is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
atra (अत्र): here; a- + tra: “in this place.” Here.
mahāmune (महामुने): mahāmune is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
kṛtaṃ (कृतं): The core matches the root kṛ, “to do, to make.”
tretā (त्रेता): tretā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
dvāparaṃ (द्वापरं): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
kaliś (कलिश्): kaliś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
cānyatra (चान्यत्र): cānyatra is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
na (न): not; Negation: “not.”
kvacit (क्वचित्): The core matches the root vac, “to speak.”

तपस् तप्यन्ति यतयो जुह्वते चात्र यज्विनः दानानि चात्र दीयन्ते परलोकार्थम् आदरात्

tapas tapyanti yatayo juhvate cātra yajvinaḥ dānāni cātra dīyante paralokārtham ādarāt

[2.3.20] heat ā- (“unto, fully”) + darāt

Word make-up

tapas (तपस्): heat; From tap, “to heat, to burn.” Heat; the heating of oneself (austerity as inner heat, not grim duty).
tapyanti (तप्यन्ति): The core matches the root tap, “to heat.”
yatayo (यतयो): yatayo is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
juhvate (जुह्वते): juhvate is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
cātra (चात्र): cātra is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
yajvinaḥ (यज्विनः): The core matches the root yaj, “to offer.”
dānāni (दानानि): The core matches the root dā, “to give.”
cātra (चात्र): cātra is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
dīyante (दीयन्ते): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
paralokārtham (परलोकार्थम्): The core matches the root lok, “to see, to shine.”
ādarāt (आदरात्): ā- (“unto, fully”) + darāt; ā- (“unto, fully”) + darāt.

पुरुषैर् यज्ञपुरुषो जम्बूद्वीपे सदेज्यते यज्ञैर् यज्ञमयो विष्णुर् अन्यद्वीपेषु चान्यथा

puruṣair yajñapuruṣo jambūdvīpe sadejyate yajñair yajñamayo viṣṇur anyadvīpeṣu cānyathā

[2.3.21]

Word make-up

puruṣair (पुरुषैर्): puruṣair is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
yajñapuruṣo (यज्ञपुरुषो): The core matches the root yaj, “to offer.”
jambūdvīpe (जम्बूद्वीपे): jambūdvīpe is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sadejyate (सदेज्यते): The core matches the root sad, “to sit.”
yajñair (यज्ञैर्): The core matches the root yaj, “to offer.”
yajñamayo (यज्ञमयो): The core matches the root yaj, “to offer.”
viṣṇur (विष्णुर्): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + ṣṇur.
anyadvīpeṣu (अन्यद्वीपेषु): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.” a- (“not”) + nyadvīpeṣu.
cānyathā (चान्यथा): cānyathā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

अत्रापि भारतं श्रेष्ठं जम्बूद्वीपे महामुने यतो हि कर्मभूर् एषा ह्य् अतो ऽन्या भोगभूमयः

atrāpi bhārataṃ śreṣṭhaṃ jambūdvīpe mahāmune yato hi karmabhūr eṣā hy ato 'nyā bhogabhūmayaḥ

[2.3.22] bhārataṃ most excellent which for this one hence

Word make-up

atrāpi (अत्रापि): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.” a- (“not”) + trāpi.
bhārataṃ (भारतं): O bearer-descended one; used for Arjuna and for Dhṛtarāṣṭra; Inflected from bhārata. bhārata: descendant of Bharata (bhar, “to bear”). O bearer-descended one; used for Arjuna and for Dhṛtarāṣṭra.
śreṣṭhaṃ (श्रेष्ठं): most excellent; Superlative of śrī-related “excellent.” The most excellent.
jambūdvīpe (जम्बूद्वीपे): jambūdvīpe is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
mahāmune (महामुने): mahāmune is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
yato (यतो): which; Inflected from yat. Neuter of yad: “which, what, that.” Relative stem ya-.
hi (हि): for; Particle: “for, because, indeed” — marks a reason or emphasis.
karmabhūr (कर्मभूर्): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
eṣā (एषा): this one; Inflected from eṣa. Masculine of etad: “this one.”
hy (ह्य्): hy is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ato (अतो): hence; Inflected from ata. From idam/a-tas: “hence, therefore.”
'nyā (ऽन्या): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
bhogabhūmayaḥ (भोगभूमयः): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”

अत्र जन्मसहस्राणां सहस्रैर् अपि सत्तम कदाचिल् लभते जन्तुर् मानुष्यं पुण्यसंचयात्

atra janmasahasrāṇāṃ sahasrair api sattama kadācil labhate jantur mānuṣyaṃ puṇyasaṃcayāt

[2.3.23] here also obtaining

Word make-up

atra (अत्र): here; a- + tra: “in this place.” Here.
janmasahasrāṇāṃ (जन्मसहस्राणां): The core matches the root jan, “to be born.”
sahasrair (सहस्रैर्): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
api (अपि): also; Particle: “also, even, though.”
sattama (सत्तम): sattama is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
kadācil (कदाचिल्): The core matches the root dā, “to give.”
labhate (लभते): obtaining; From labh, “to obtain.” Obtains; having obtained.
jantur (जन्तुर्): The core matches the root jan, “to be born.”
mānuṣyaṃ (मानुष्यं): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
puṇyasaṃcayāt (पुण्यसंचयात्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”

गायन्ति देवाः किल गीतकानि धन्यास् तु ये भारतभूमिभागे स्वर्गापवर्गास्पदहेतुभूते भवन्ति भूयः पुरुषाः सुरत्वात्

gāyanti devāḥ kila gītakāni dhanyās tu ye bhāratabhūmibhāge svargāpavargāspadahetubhūte bhavanti bhūyaḥ puruṣāḥ suratvāt

[2.3.24] shining one but who again the Person su- (“well, good”) + ratvāt

Word make-up

gāyanti (गायन्ति): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
devāḥ (देवाः): shining one; From div, “to shine.” A shining one; a god as a shining being, not a generic “God.”
kila (किल): kila is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
gītakāni (गीतकानि): gītakāni is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
dhanyās (धन्यास्): The core matches the root han, “to strike.”
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
ye (ये): who; Nominative plural of yad: “who, which.” Relative stem ya-.
bhāratabhūmibhāge (भारतभूमिभागे): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
svargāpavargāspadahetubhūte (स्वर्गापवर्गास्पदहेतुभूते): The core matches the root pad, “to go, to fall.”
bhavanti (भवन्ति): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
bhūyaḥ (भूयः): again; Comparative of bahu / from bhū: “more, again.”
puruṣāḥ (पुरुषाः): the Person; Inflected from puruṣa. Often analysed as pūr “filling” or pur “citadel” + śī “to lie”: the one who lies in the stronghold (the body). The Person, as against prakṛti the making-forth.
suratvāt (सुरत्वात्): su- (“well, good”) + ratvāt; su- (“well, good”) + ratvāt.

कर्माण्य् असंकल्पिततत्फलानि संन्यस्य विष्णौ परमात्मरूपे अवाप्य तां कर्ममहीम् अनन्ते तस्मिंल् लयं ये त्व् अमलाः प्रयान्ति

karmāṇy asaṃkalpitatatphalāni saṃnyasya viṣṇau paramātmarūpe avāpya tāṃ karmamahīm anante tasmiṃl layaṃ ye tv amalāḥ prayānti

[2.3.25] without end who a- (“not”) + malāḥ going

Word make-up

karmāṇy (कर्माण्य्): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
asaṃkalpitatatphalāni (असंकल्पिततत्फलानि): The core matches the root as, “to be.” a- (“not”) + saṃkalpitatatphalāni.
saṃnyasya (संन्यस्य): The core matches the root as, “to be.” saṃ- (“together”) + nyasya.
viṣṇau (विष्णौ): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + ṣṇau.
paramātmarūpe (परमात्मरूपे): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
avāpya (अवाप्य): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.” a- (“not”) + vāpya.
tāṃ (तां): tāṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
karmamahīm (कर्ममहीम्): karmamahīm is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
anante (अनन्ते): without end; Inflected from ananta. a- + anta: without end.
tasmiṃl (तस्मिंल्): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
layaṃ (लयं): layaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ye (ये): who; Nominative plural of yad: “who, which.” Relative stem ya-.
tv (त्व्): tv is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
amalāḥ (अमलाः): a- (“not”) + malāḥ; a- (“not”) + malāḥ.
prayānti (प्रयान्ति): going; pra- (“forth, forward”) joined to yānti. From gam / yā, “to go.” Goes; they go; having gone; gone; he goes. Together the form means pra + that sense.

जानीम नैतत् क्व वयं विलीने स्वर्गप्रदे कर्मणि देहबन्धम् प्राप्स्याम धन्याः खलु ते मनुष्या ये भारते नेन्द्रियविप्रहीनाः

jānīma naitat kva vayaṃ vilīne svargaprade karmaṇi dehabandham prāpsyāma dhanyāḥ khalu te manuṣyā ye bhārate nendriyaviprahīnāḥ

[2.3.26] vi- (“apart, asunder”) + līne action surely you who bhārate

Word make-up

jānīma (जानीम): The core matches the root nī, “to lead.”
naitat (नैतत्): naitat is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
kva (क्व): kva is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
vayaṃ (वयं): vayaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
vilīne (विलीने): vi- (“apart, asunder”) + līne; vi- (“apart, asunder”) + līne.
svargaprade (स्वर्गप्रदे): svargaprade is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
karmaṇi (कर्मणि): action; Inflected karma, from kṛ, “to do.” Deeds; in the doing; of action.
dehabandham (देहबन्धम्): The core matches the root bandh, “to bind.”
prāpsyāma (प्राप्स्याम): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.”
dhanyāḥ (धन्याः): The core matches the root han, “to strike.”
khalu (खलु): surely; Particle: “surely, indeed.”
te (ते): you; Enclitic of yuṣmad (“your / to you”) or nominative plural of tad (“they”). Sense follows the verse.
manuṣyā (मनुष्या): The core matches the root man, “to think.”
ye (ये): who; Nominative plural of yad: “who, which.” Relative stem ya-.
bhārate (भारते): O bearer-descended one; used for Arjuna and for Dhṛtarāṣṭra; Inflected from bhārata. bhārata: descendant of Bharata (bhar, “to bear”). O bearer-descended one; used for Arjuna and for Dhṛtarāṣṭra.
nendriyaviprahīnāḥ (नेन्द्रियविप्रहीनाः): nendriyaviprahīnāḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

नववर्षं तु मैत्रेय जम्बूद्वीपम् इदं मया लक्षयोजनविस्तारं संक्षेपात् कथितं तव

navavarṣaṃ tu maitreya jambūdvīpam idaṃ mayā lakṣayojanavistāraṃ saṃkṣepāt kathitaṃ tava

[2.3.27] but this by me your

Word make-up

navavarṣaṃ (नववर्षं): navavarṣaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
maitreya (मैत्रेय): maitreya is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
jambūdvīpam (जम्बूद्वीपम्): jambūdvīpam is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
idaṃ (इदं): this; Neuter of idam: “this” (near).
mayā (मया): by me; Instrumental of asmad: “by me.”
lakṣayojanavistāraṃ (लक्षयोजनविस्तारं): The core matches the root jan, “to be born.”
saṃkṣepāt (संक्षेपात्): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.” saṃ- (“together”) + kṣepāt.
kathitaṃ (कथितं): kathitaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tava (तव): your; Genitive of yuṣmad: “your.”

जम्बूद्वीपं समावृत्य लक्षयोजनविस्तरः मैत्रेय वलयाकारः स्थितः क्षारोदधिर् बहिः

jambūdvīpaṃ samāvṛtya lakṣayojanavistaraḥ maitreya valayākāraḥ sthitaḥ kṣārodadhir bahiḥ

[2.3.28] standing outside

Word make-up

jambūdvīpaṃ (जम्बूद्वीपं): jambūdvīpaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
samāvṛtya (समावृत्य): The core matches the root vṛt, “to turn.” sam- (“together”) + āvṛtya.
lakṣayojanavistaraḥ (लक्षयोजनविस्तरः): The core matches the root jan, “to be born.”
maitreya (मैत्रेय): maitreya is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
valayākāraḥ (वलयाकारः): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
sthitaḥ (स्थितः): standing; From sthā, “to stand.” Standing-place; stood; having stood; stands.
kṣārodadhir (क्षारोदधिर्): kṣārodadhir is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
bahiḥ (बहिः): outside; Indeclinable: “outside.”

Viṣṇu Purāṇa

Dvitīya Aṃśa, Tṛtīya Adhyāya

Devanagari scan