Word senses – Pañcama Aṃśa, Dvātriṃśa Adhyāya

ātmanaḥ(आत्मनः)

the self

ātman is the self. Related to an, “to breathe”: the breathing one, the inner self of a living being. Not a ghost-soul added from outside; it is the self.

ayaṃ(अयं)

this

Masculine of idam: “this one.”

bāṇa(बाण)

arrow

Inflected from bāṇa. Arrow. iṣu from iṣ, “to send, to wish.” What is sent.

cāpa(चाप)

bow

Inflected from cāpa. dhanus: bow. cāpa also bow.

durvijñeyam(दुर्विज्ञेयम्)

dur- (“ill, hard”) + vijñeyam

dur- (“ill, hard”) + vijñeyam.

dvija(द्विज)

twice-born

dvi-ja “twice-born.” dvija-uttama: upmost of the twice-born.

dvijottama(द्विजोत्तम)

twice-born

dvi-ja “twice-born.” dvija-uttama: upmost of the twice-born.

etad(एतद्)

this

Neuter of etad: “this here.” e- + tad.

etat(एतत्)

this

Neuter of etad: “this here.” e- + tad.

gata(गत)

going

Inflected from gata. From gam / yā, “to go.” Goes; they go; having gone; gone; he goes.

idaṃ(इदं)

this

Neuter of idam: “this” (near).

imaṃ(इमं)

this

Accusative masculine of idam: “this.”

jātaṃ(जातं)

is born

From jan, “to be born.” Is born; born.

kālaṃ(कालं)

time

kāla: time; also “the dark, the calculating.” Time as what counts out and cuts off.

kaścit(कश्चित्)

someone

kas + cid: “someone, anyone.” cid makes the question indefinite.

kathaṃ(कथं)

how

ka- + tham: “how?”

kathaya(कथय)

tell

Inflected from kathaya. From kath, “to tell.” Tell!; tells.

kṛṣṇa(कृष्ण)

Vocative: O Kṛṣṇa

Inflected from kṛṣṇa. kṛṣṇa: dark, black. From kṛṣ, “to draw, to drag,” or as the dark colour. The dark one. Vocative: O Kṛṣṇa.

mahat(महत्)

great

mahat: great. From mah, “to be great.”

mantra(मन्त्र)

thought-tool

Inflected from mantra. From man, “to think” + tra (instrument). An instrument of thought; a thought-tool spoken.

mat(मत्)

my

Inflected from mat. mad-/mat- from asmad, the “I” stem: my, of me, coming from me.

ninye(निन्ये)

ni- (“down, in”) + nye

ni- (“down, in”) + nye.

nirlajjā(निर्लज्जा)

nir- (“out, without”) + lajjā

nir- (“out, without”) + lajjā.

pradyumnād(प्रद्युम्नाद्)

pra- (“forth, forward”) + dyumnād

pra- (“forth, forward”) + dyumnād.

pradyumnaḥ(प्रद्युम्नः)

pra- (“forth, forward”) + dyumnaḥ

pra- (“forth, forward”) + dyumnaḥ.

prāha(प्राह)

spoken forth

pra-vac, “to speak forth.” Spoken forth; he has said forth.

priya(प्रिय)

dear

Inflected from priya. From prī, “to please, to be dear.” Dear; pleasing.

punar(पुनर्)

again

Adverb: “again, back.”

puruṣam(पुरुषम्)

the Person

Often analysed as pūr “filling” or pur “citadel” + śī “to lie”: the one who lies in the stronghold (the body). The Person, as against prakṛti the making-forth.

sa(स)

he

Nominative singular masculine of tad: “he, that one.”

sā(सा)

she

Nominative feminine of tad: “she, that.”

sahasraṃ(सहस्रं)

a thousand

sahasra: a thousand.

samutsukā(समुत्सुका)

sam- (“together”) + utsukā

sam- (“together”) + utsukā.

sarvam(सर्वम्)

all

sarva: whole, all. The entire, not a leftover.

sarvaṃ(सर्वं)

all

sarva: whole, all. The entire, not a leftover.

sarveṣāṃ(सर्वेषां)

of all

Genitive plural of sarva: of all.

śataṃ(शतं)

a hundred

śata: a hundred.

subhrūr(सुभ्रूर्)

su- (“well, good”) + bhrūr

su- (“well, good”) + bhrūr.

sura(सुर)

shining one

Inflected from sura. sura: a shining one, a god. Parallel to deva (div, “to shine”).

sutāḥ(सुताः)

su- (“well, good”) + tāḥ

su- (“well, good”) + tāḥ.

tadā(तदा)

then

ta- + dā: “at that time, then.”

tam(तम्)

him

Accusative masculine of tad: “him, that.”

tataḥ(ततः)

then

From tad + tas: “from that, then.”

tathā(तथा)

so

ta- + thā: “in that way, so.”

tathaiva(तथैव)

likewise

tathā + eva: just so, likewise.

tatra(तत्र)

there

ta- + tra: “in that place, there.”

teṣāṃ(तेषां)

of them

Genitive plural of tad: “of them.”

udīritam(उदीरितम्)

ud- (“up, out”) + īritam

ud- (“up, out”) + īritam.

upakāraḥ(उपकारः)

upa- (“near, toward”) + kāraḥ

upa- (“near, toward”) + kāraḥ.

upalakṣyoccaiḥ(उपलक्ष्योच्चैः)

upa- (“near, toward”) + lakṣyoccaiḥ

upa- (“near, toward”) + lakṣyoccaiḥ.

upayeme(उपयेमे)

upa- (“near, toward”) + yeme

upa- (“near, toward”) + yeme.

vipra(विप्र)

vi- (“apart, asunder”) + pra

vi- (“apart, asunder”) + pra.

virahaṃ(विरहं)

vi- (“apart, asunder”) + rahaṃ

vi- (“apart, asunder”) + rahaṃ.

yadā(यदा)

when

ya- + dā: “at which time, when.”

yadi(यदि)

if

ya- + di: “if.”

yathā(यथा)

as

ya- + thā: “in which way, as.”

yatra(यत्र)

where

ya- + tra: “in which place, where.”

yuddham(युद्धम्)

battle

From yudh, “to fight.” Fight; battle. yudhi is locative: in battle.