Word senses – Tṛtīya Aṃśa, Trayodaśa Adhyāya

ādye(आद्ये)

ā- (“unto, fully”) + dye

ā- (“unto, fully”) + dye.

ataḥ(अतः)

hence

From idam/a-tas: “hence, therefore.”

āvatsarāt(आवत्सरात्)

ā- (“unto, fully”) + vatsarāt

ā- (“unto, fully”) + vatsarāt.

bahiḥ(बहिः)

outside

Indeclinable: “outside.”

bāla(बाल)

childish

Inflected from bāla. bāla: young, not full-grown; then “childish” as not ripe in knowing.

bālānāṃ(बालानां)

childish

bāla: young, not full-grown; then “childish” as not ripe in knowing.

bhakta(भक्त)

sharing-in

Inflected from bhakta. From bhaj, “to share, to resort to.” Sharing-in (instrumental bhaktyā); one who shares in / resorts to (bhakta).

dagdhvā(दग्ध्वा)

burns

From dah, “to burn.” Burns.

dānaṃ(दानं)

giving

From dā, “to give.” Giving; the gift.

dvija(द्विज)

twice-born

Inflected from dvija. dvi-ja “twice-born.” dvija-uttama: upmost of the twice-born.

eka(एक)

one

Inflected from eka. eka: one. The one, a single.

eṣa(एष)

this one

Masculine of etad: “this one.”

jāta(जात)

is born

Inflected from jāta. From jan, “to be born.” Is born; born.

jāyate(जायते)

is born

From jan, “to be born.” Is born; born.

kāle(काले)

time

kāla: time; also “the dark, the calculating.” Time as what counts out and cuts off.

kārya(कार्य)

what-is-to-be-done

Inflected from kārya. Gerundive of kṛ: what is to be done; the effect as “that which is to-be-made.”

kāryaṃ(कार्यं)

what-is-to-be-done

Gerundive of kṛ: what is to be done; the effect as “that which is to-be-made.”

madhyam(मध्यम्)

middle

Inflected from madhyam. madhya: middle.

mṛta(मृत)

dies

Inflected from mṛta. From mṛ, “to die.” Dies; dead.

param(परम्)

beyond

para: beyond, further, other. As a neuter noun often “what is beyond.”

pituḥ(पितुः)

father

pitṛ: father (the protector/nourisher).

prapautro(प्रपौत्रो)

pra- (“forth, forward”) + pautro

pra- (“forth, forward”) + pautro.

prathame(प्रथमे)

pra- (“forth, forward”) + thame

pra- (“forth, forward”) + thame.

pratisaṃvatsaraṃ(प्रतिसंवत्सरं)

prati- (“back, against, toward each”) + saṃvatsaraṃ

prati- (“back, against, toward each”) + saṃvatsaraṃ.

praveśe(प्रवेशे)

pra- (“forth, forward”) + veśe

pra- (“forth, forward”) + veśe.

prokta(प्रोक्त)

spoken forth

Inflected from prokta. pra-vac, “to speak forth.” Spoken forth; he has said forth.

puruṣa(पुरुष)

the Person

Inflected from puruṣa. Often analysed as pūr “filling” or pur “citadel” + śī “to lie”: the one who lies in the stronghold (the body). The Person, as against prakṛti the making-forth.

rājña(राज्ञ)

king

Inflected from rājña. From rāj, “to shine, to rule.” The shining ruler; a king.

samaṃ(समं)

even

sama: same, even, equal. Evenness.

saṃghātāntargatair(संघातान्तर्गतैर्)

saṃ- (“together”) + ghātāntargatair

saṃ- (“together”) + ghātāntargatair.

saṃvatsare(संवत्सरे)

saṃ- (“together”) + vatsare

saṃ- (“together”) + vatsare.

samyak(सम्यक्)

rightly

sam- + añc: “together-going, rightly, fully.”

sarveṣāṃ(सर्वेषां)

of all

Genitive plural of sarva: of all.

śṛṇu(शृणु)

hearing

From śru, “to hear.” Hear!; hears; having heard; heard.

śūdra(शूद्र)

a śūdra

Inflected from śūdra. The fourth class; traditionally from śuc/śudh or as the name of that group. The serving class in varṇa-talk.

tān(तान्)

them

Inflected from tān. Accusative plural of tad: “them.”

tataḥ(ततः)

then

From tad + tas: “from that, then.”

tathā(तथा)

so

ta- + thā: “in that way, so.”

tatra(तत्र)

there

ta- + tra: “in that place, there.”

teṣām(तेषाम्)

of them

Genitive plural of tad: “of them.”

ūrdhvaṃ(ऊर्ध्वं)

upward

ūrdhva: “upward.”

uttarāḥ(उत्तराः)

ut- (“up, out”) + tarāḥ

ut- (“up, out”) + tarāḥ.

vaiśya(वैश्य)

a vaiśya

Inflected from vaiśya. From viś, “settlement, the people.” One of the settler/producer class.

vāpi(वापि)

or even

vā “or” + api “even.”

varṇa(वर्ण)

colour-class

Inflected from varṇa. From vṛ, “to cover, to choose.” Colour, covering, then class as a covering-name.

viprādīnām(विप्रादीनाम्)

vi- (“apart, asunder”) + prādīnām

vi- (“apart, asunder”) + prādīnām.

viratau(विरतौ)

vi- (“apart, asunder”) + ratau

vi- (“apart, asunder”) + ratau.

yadā(यदा)

when

ya- + dā: “at which time, when.”

yāti(याति)

going

From gam / yā, “to go.” Goes; they go; having gone; gone; he goes.

yatra(यत्र)

where

ya- + tra: “in which place, where.”