Prathama Aṃśa, Dvitīya Adhyāya

इति श्रीविष्णुपुराणे प्रथमे ऽंशे प्रथमो ऽध्यायः अविकाराय शुद्धाय नित्याय परमात्मने सदैकरूपरूपाय विष्णवे सर्वजिष्णवे

[[iti śrīviṣṇupurāṇe prathame 'ṃśe prathamo 'dhyāyaḥ ]] avikārāya śuddhāya nityāya paramātmane sadaikarūparūpāya viṣṇave sarvajiṣṇave

[1.2.1] pra- (“forth, forward”) + thame pra- (“forth, forward”) + thamo a- (“not”) + vikārāya continual

Word make-up

[[iti (इति): [[iti is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
śrīviṣṇupurāṇe (श्रीविष्णुपुराणे): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.”
prathame (प्रथमे): pra- (“forth, forward”) + thame; pra- (“forth, forward”) + thame.
'ṃśe (ऽंशे): 'ṃśe is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
prathamo (प्रथमो): pra- (“forth, forward”) + thamo; pra- (“forth, forward”) + thamo.
'dhyāyaḥ (ऽध्यायः): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
]]: ]] is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
avikārāya (अविकाराय): a- (“not”) + vikārāya; a- (“not”) + vikārāya.
śuddhāya (शुद्धाय): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.”
nityāya (नित्याय): continual; Inflected from nitya. From ni- (“in, own”) + tya: what is in-dwelling, continual, one’s own as constant. Continually-there; not a calendar “eternal.”
paramātmane (परमात्मने): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
sadaikarūparūpāya (सदैकरूपरूपाय): The core matches the root sad, “to sit.”
viṣṇave (विष्णवे): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + ṣṇave.
sarvajiṣṇave (सर्वजिष्णवे): The core matches the root ji, “to conquer.”

नमो हिरण्यगर्भाय हरये शंकराय च वासुदेवाय ताराय सर्गस्थित्यन्तकारिणे

namo hiraṇyagarbhāya haraye śaṃkarāya ca vāsudevāya tārāya sargasthityantakāriṇe

[1.2.2] a bow, salutation and vāsudevāya

Word make-up

namo (नमो): a bow, salutation; Inflected from nama. From nam, “to bow.” A bow, salutation.
hiraṇyagarbhāya (हिरण्यगर्भाय): hiraṇyagarbhāya is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
haraye (हरये): haraye is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
śaṃkarāya (शंकराय): śaṃkarāya is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
vāsudevāya (वासुदेवाय): ”; Inflected from vāsudeva. Son of Vasudeva (vāsu “good, shining” + deva “shining one”). Patronym of Kṛṣṇa; also “the shining one in whom all dwell.”
tārāya (ताराय): tārāya is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sargasthityantakāriṇe (सर्गस्थित्यन्तकारिणे): The core matches the root as, “to be.”

एकानेकस्वरूपाय स्थूलसूक्ष्मात्मने नमः अव्यक्तव्यक्तरूपाय विष्णवे मुक्तिहेतवे

ekānekasvarūpāya sthūlasūkṣmātmane namaḥ avyaktavyaktarūpāya viṣṇave muktihetave

[1.2.3] a bow, salutation

Word make-up

ekānekasvarūpāya (एकानेकस्वरूपाय): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.”
sthūlasūkṣmātmane (स्थूलसूक्ष्मात्मने): The core matches the root man, “to think.”
namaḥ (नमः): a bow, salutation; From nam, “to bow.” A bow, salutation.
avyaktavyaktarūpāya (अव्यक्तव्यक्तरूपाय): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.” a- (“not”) + vyaktavyaktarūpāya.
viṣṇave (विष्णवे): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + ṣṇave.
muktihetave (मुक्तिहेतवे): muktihetave is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

सर्गस्थितिविनाशानां जगतो यो जगन्मयः मूलभूतो नमस् तस्मै विष्णवे परमात्मने

sargasthitivināśānāṃ jagato yo jaganmayaḥ mūlabhūto namas tasmai viṣṇave paramātmane

[1.2.4] the moving world a bow, salutation

Word make-up

sargasthitivināśānāṃ (सर्गस्थितिविनाशानां): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
jagato (जगतो): the moving world; Inflected from jagat. From gam, “to go” (intensive): that which keeps going, the moving world.
yo (यो): yo is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
jaganmayaḥ (जगन्मयः): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
mūlabhūto (मूलभूतो): The core matches the root labh, “to obtain.”
namas (नमस्): a bow, salutation; From nam, “to bow.” A bow, salutation.
tasmai (तस्मै): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
viṣṇave (विष्णवे): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + ṣṇave.
paramātmane (परमात्मने): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”

आधारभूतं विश्वस्याप्य् अणीयांसम् अणीयसाम् प्रणम्य सर्वभूतस्थम् अच्युतं पुरुषोत्तमम्

ādhārabhūtaṃ viśvasyāpy aṇīyāṃsam aṇīyasām praṇamya sarvabhūtastham acyutaṃ puruṣottamam

[1.2.5] bows acyutaṃ upmost Person

Word make-up

ādhārabhūtaṃ (आधारभूतं): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.” ā- (“unto, fully”) + dhārabhūtaṃ.
viśvasyāpy (विश्वस्याप्य्): The core matches the root viś, “to enter.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + śvasyāpy.
aṇīyāṃsam (अणीयांसम्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.” a- (“not”) + ṇīyāṃsam.
aṇīyasām (अणीयसाम्): The core matches the root as, “to be.” a- (“not”) + ṇīyasām.
praṇamya (प्रणम्य): bows; From nam, “to bow.” Bows; having bowed.
sarvabhūtastham (सर्वभूतस्थम्): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
acyutaṃ (अच्युतं): Unfallen; he who does not fall away; Inflected from acyuta. a- (“not”) + cyuta (cyu, “to fall, to drop”). Unfallen; he who does not fall away.
puruṣottamam (पुरुषोत्तमम्): upmost Person; Inflected from puruṣottama. puruṣa + uttama (ud-tama, upmost). O upmost Person.

ज्ञानस्वरूपम् अत्यन्तनिर्मलं परमार्थतः तम् एवार्थस्वरूपेण भ्रान्तिदर्शनतः स्थितम्

jñānasvarūpam atyantanirmalaṃ paramārthataḥ tam evārthasvarūpeṇa bhrāntidarśanataḥ sthitam

[1.2.6] him standing

Word make-up

jñānasvarūpam (ज्ञानस्वरूपम्): The core matches the root jñā, “to know.”
atyantanirmalaṃ (अत्यन्तनिर्मलं): The core matches the root tan, “to stretch.” a- (“not”) + tyantanirmalaṃ.
paramārthataḥ (परमार्थतः): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
tam (तम्): him; Accusative masculine of tad: “him, that.”
evārthasvarūpeṇa (एवार्थस्वरूपेण): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
bhrāntidarśanataḥ (भ्रान्तिदर्शनतः): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
sthitam (स्थितम्): standing; Inflected from sthita. From sthā, “to stand.” Standing-place; stood; having stood; stands.

विष्णुं ग्रसिष्णुं विश्वस्य स्थितिसर्गे तथा प्रभुम् प्रणम्य जगताम् ईशम् अजम् अक्षयम् अव्ययम्

viṣṇuṃ grasiṣṇuṃ viśvasya sthitisarge tathā prabhum praṇamya jagatām īśam ajam akṣayam avyayam

[1.2.7] The pervading one tomorrow so bows the moving world master not born from a- (“not”) + kṣayam not-going-apart

Word make-up

viṣṇuṃ (विष्णुं): The pervading one; Inflected from viṣṇu. From viṣ, “to be active, to pervade.” The pervading one.
grasiṣṇuṃ (ग्रसिष्णुं): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.”
viśvasya (विश्वस्य): tomorrow; vi- (“apart, asunder”) joined to śvasya. Indeclinable: “tomorrow.” Together the form means vi + that sense.
sthitisarge (स्थितिसर्गे): sthitisarge is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tathā (तथा): so; ta- + thā: “in that way, so.”
prabhum (प्रभुम्): The core matches the root hu, “to pour the offering.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + bhum.
praṇamya (प्रणम्य): bows; From nam, “to bow.” Bows; having bowed.
jagatām (जगताम्): the moving world; Inflected from jagat. From gam, “to go” (intensive): that which keeps going, the moving world.
īśam (ईशम्): master; From īś, “to own, to be able, to rule.” Master; owner.
ajam (अजम्): not born from; a- (“not”) joined to jam. From jan, “to be born.” Born from; produced. Together the form means a + that sense.
akṣayam (अक्षयम्): a- (“not”) + kṣayam; a- (“not”) + kṣayam.
avyayam (अव्ययम्): not-going-apart; a- (“not”) + vyaya (vi-i, “to go apart, to spend”). Not going-apart; unexpended.

कथयामि यथापूर्वं दक्षाद्यैर् मुनिसत्तमैः पृष्टः प्रोवाच भगवान् अब्जयोनिः पितामहः

kathayāmi yathāpūrvaṃ dakṣādyair munisattamaiḥ pṛṣṭaḥ provāca bhagavān abjayoniḥ pitāmahaḥ

[1.2.8] the Lord a- (“not”) + bjayoniḥ

Word make-up

kathayāmi (कथयामि): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
yathāpūrvaṃ (यथापूर्वं): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.”
dakṣādyair (दक्षाद्यैर्): dakṣādyair is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
munisattamaiḥ (मुनिसत्तमैः): munisattamaiḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
pṛṣṭaḥ (पृष्टः): pṛṣṭaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
provāca (प्रोवाच): provāca is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
bhagavān (भगवान्): the Lord; bhaga (“share, portion, majesty,” from bhaj “to share”) + -vant “possessing.” One who has the share of majesty. The Lord as the one possessed of majesty, not a first name.
abjayoniḥ (अब्जयोनिः): a- (“not”) + bjayoniḥ; a- (“not”) + bjayoniḥ.
pitāmahaḥ (पितामहः): pitāmahaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

तैश् चोक्तं पुरुकुत्साय भूभुजे नर्मदातटे सारस्वताय तेनापि मम सारस्वतेन च

taiś coktaṃ purukutsāya bhūbhuje narmadātaṭe sārasvatāya tenāpi mama sārasvatena ca

[1.2.9] my and

Word make-up

taiś (तैश्): taiś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
coktaṃ (चोक्तं): coktaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
purukutsāya (पुरुकुत्साय): purukutsāya is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
bhūbhuje (भूभुजे): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
narmadātaṭe (नर्मदातटे): The core matches the root dā, “to give.”
sārasvatāya (सारस्वताय): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
tenāpi (तेनापि): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.”
mama (मम): my; Genitive of asmad: “of me, my.”
sārasvatena (सारस्वतेन): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”

परः पराणां परमः परमात्मात्मसंस्थितः रूपवर्णादिनिर्देशविशेषणविवर्जितः

paraḥ parāṇāṃ paramaḥ paramātmātmasaṃsthitaḥ rūpavarṇādinirdeśaviśeṣaṇavivarjitaḥ

[1.2.10] beyond parā- (“away, forth beyond”) + ṇāṃ highest

Word make-up

paraḥ (परः): beyond; para: beyond, further, other. As a neuter noun often “what is beyond.”
parāṇāṃ (पराणां): parā- (“away, forth beyond”) + ṇāṃ; parā- (“away, forth beyond”) + ṇāṃ.
paramaḥ (परमः): highest; Superlative of para, “beyond, further.” The furthest, the highest.
paramātmātmasaṃsthitaḥ (परमात्मात्मसंस्थितः): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
rūpavarṇādinirdeśaviśeṣaṇavivarjitaḥ (रूपवर्णादिनिर्देशविशेषणविवर्जितः): The core matches the root viś, “to enter.”

अपक्षयविनाशाभ्यां परिणामर्द्धिजन्मभिः वर्जितः शक्यते वक्तुं यः सदास्तीति केवलम्

apakṣayavināśābhyāṃ pariṇāmarddhijanmabhiḥ varjitaḥ śakyate vaktuṃ yaḥ sadāstīti kevalam

[1.2.11] to tell who

Word make-up

apakṣayavināśābhyāṃ (अपक्षयविनाशाभ्यां): The core matches the root yā, “to go.” apa- (“away”) + kṣayavināśābhyāṃ.
pariṇāmarddhijanmabhiḥ (परिणामर्द्धिजन्मभिः): The core matches the root jan, “to be born.” pari- (“around”) + ṇāmarddhijanmabhiḥ.
varjitaḥ (वर्जितः): The core matches the root ji, “to conquer.”
śakyate (शक्यते): The core matches the root śak, “to be able.”
vaktuṃ (वक्तुं): to tell; Infinitive of vac: to speak, to tell.
yaḥ (यः): who; Nominative singular of yad: “who, which.”
sadāstīti (सदास्तीति): The core matches the root sad, “to sit.”
kevalam (केवलम्): kevalam is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

सर्वत्रासौ समस्तं च वसत्य् अत्रेति वै यतः ततः स वासुदेवेति विद्वद्भिः परिपठ्यते

sarvatrāsau samastaṃ ca vasaty atreti vai yataḥ tataḥ sa vāsudeveti vidvadbhiḥ paripaṭhyate

[1.2.12] and a- (“not”) + treti indeed which then he pari- (“around”) + paṭhyate

Word make-up

sarvatrāsau (सर्वत्रासौ): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
samastaṃ (समस्तं): The core matches the root as, “to be.” sam- (“together”) + astaṃ.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
vasaty (वसत्य्): The core matches the root vas, “to dwell.”
atreti (अत्रेति): a- (“not”) + treti; a- (“not”) + treti.
vai (वै): indeed; Particle of emphasis: “indeed.”
yataḥ (यतः): which; Inflected from yat. Neuter of yad: “which, what, that.” Relative stem ya-.
tataḥ (ततः): then; From tad + tas: “from that, then.”
sa (स): he; Nominative singular masculine of tad: “he, that one.”
vāsudeveti (वासुदेवेति): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
vidvadbhiḥ (विद्वद्भिः): The core matches the root vid, “to know / to find.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + dvadbhiḥ.
paripaṭhyate (परिपठ्यते): pari- (“around”) + paṭhyate; pari- (“around”) + paṭhyate.

तद् ब्रह्म परमं नित्यम् अजम् अक्षयम् अव्ययम् एकस्वरूपं च सदा हेयाभावाच् च निर्मलम्

tad brahma paramaṃ nityam ajam akṣayam avyayam ekasvarūpaṃ ca sadā heyābhāvāc ca nirmalam

[1.2.13] that that-which-is-vast (brahman) highest continual not born from a- (“not”) + kṣayam not-going-apart and always and nir- (“out, without”) + malam

Word make-up

tad (तद्): that; Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
brahma (ब्रह्म): that-which-is-vast (brahman); Neuter of brahman, from bṛh, “to grow, to swell, to be vast.” It names that which is vast — an entity, not a person. The creator god is a different word, Brahmā (masculine). A brāhmaṇa is a person of that class.
paramaṃ (परमं): highest; Superlative of para, “beyond, further.” The furthest, the highest.
nityam (नित्यम्): continual; From ni- (“in, own”) + tya: what is in-dwelling, continual, one’s own as constant. Continually-there; not a calendar “eternal.”
ajam (अजम्): not born from; a- (“not”) joined to jam. From jan, “to be born.” Born from; produced. Together the form means a + that sense.
akṣayam (अक्षयम्): a- (“not”) + kṣayam; a- (“not”) + kṣayam.
avyayam (अव्ययम्): not-going-apart; a- (“not”) + vyaya (vi-i, “to go apart, to spend”). Not going-apart; unexpended.
ekasvarūpaṃ (एकस्वरूपं): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
sadā (सदा): always; sa- + dā: “always, at every time.”
heyābhāvāc (हेयाभावाच्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
nirmalam (निर्मलम्): nir- (“out, without”) + malam; nir- (“out, without”) + malam.

तद् एव सर्वम् एवैतद् व्यक्ताव्यक्तस्वरूपवत् तथा पुरुषरूपेण कालरूपेण च स्थितम्

tad eva sarvam evaitad vyaktāvyaktasvarūpavat tathā puruṣarūpeṇa kālarūpeṇa ca sthitam

[1.2.14] that just all so and standing

Word make-up

tad (तद्): that; Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
eva (एव): just; Particle of restriction or emphasis: “only, just, indeed.”
sarvam (सर्वम्): all; sarva: whole, all. The entire, not a leftover.
evaitad (एवैतद्): evaitad is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
vyaktāvyaktasvarūpavat (व्यक्ताव्यक्तस्वरूपवत्): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
tathā (तथा): so; ta- + thā: “in that way, so.”
puruṣarūpeṇa (पुरुषरूपेण): puruṣarūpeṇa is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
kālarūpeṇa (कालरूपेण): kālarūpeṇa is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
sthitam (स्थितम्): standing; Inflected from sthita. From sthā, “to stand.” Standing-place; stood; having stood; stands.

परस्य ब्रह्मणो रूपं पुरुषः प्रथमं द्विज व्यक्ताव्यक्ते तथैवान्ये रूपे कालस् तथापरम्

parasya brahmaṇo rūpaṃ puruṣaḥ prathamaṃ dvija vyaktāvyakte tathaivānye rūpe kālas tathāparam

[1.2.15] beyond that-which-is-vast (brahman) form the Person pra- (“forth, forward”) + thamaṃ twice-born form time

Word make-up

parasya (परस्य): beyond; para: beyond, further, other. As a neuter noun often “what is beyond.”
brahmaṇo (ब्रह्मणो): that-which-is-vast (brahman); Inflected from brahmaṇa. Neuter of brahman, from bṛh, “to grow, to swell, to be vast.” It names that which is vast — an entity, not a person. The creator god is a different word, Brahmā (masculine). A brāhmaṇa is a person of that class.
rūpaṃ (रूपं): form; rūpa: form, outward shape (what is seen). Not “beauty” first.
puruṣaḥ (पुरुषः): the Person; Often analysed as pūr “filling” or pur “citadel” + śī “to lie”: the one who lies in the stronghold (the body). The Person, as against prakṛti the making-forth.
prathamaṃ (प्रथमं): pra- (“forth, forward”) + thamaṃ; pra- (“forth, forward”) + thamaṃ.
dvija (द्विज): twice-born; dvi-ja “twice-born.” dvija-uttama: upmost of the twice-born.
vyaktāvyakte (व्यक्ताव्यक्ते): vyaktāvyakte is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tathaivānye (तथैवान्ये): tathaivānye is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
rūpe (रूपे): form; Inflected from rūpa. rūpa: form, outward shape (what is seen). Not “beauty” first.
kālas (कालस्): time; kāla: time; also “the dark, the calculating.” Time as what counts out and cuts off.
tathāparam (तथापरम्): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”

प्रधानपुरुषव्यक्तकालानां परमं हि यत् पश्यन्ति सूरयः शुद्धं तद् विष्णोः परमं पदम्

pradhānapuruṣavyaktakālānāṃ paramaṃ hi yat paśyanti sūrayaḥ śuddhaṃ tad viṣṇoḥ paramaṃ padam

[1.2.16] highest for which that highest

Word make-up

pradhānapuruṣavyaktakālānāṃ (प्रधानपुरुषव्यक्तकालानां): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + dhānapuruṣavyaktakālānāṃ.
paramaṃ (परमं): highest; Superlative of para, “beyond, further.” The furthest, the highest.
hi (हि): for; Particle: “for, because, indeed” — marks a reason or emphasis.
yat (यत्): which; Neuter of yad: “which, what, that.” Relative stem ya-.
paśyanti (पश्यन्ति): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
sūrayaḥ (सूरयः): sūrayaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
śuddhaṃ (शुद्धं): śuddhaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tad (तद्): that; Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
viṣṇoḥ (विष्णोः): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + ṣṇoḥ.
paramaṃ (परमं): highest; Superlative of para, “beyond, further.” The furthest, the highest.
padam (पदम्): The core matches the root pad, “to go, to fall.”

प्रधानपुरुषव्यक्तकालास् तु प्रविभागशः रूपाणि स्थितिसर्गान्तव्यक्तिसद्भावहेतवः

pradhānapuruṣavyaktakālās tu pravibhāgaśaḥ rūpāṇi sthitisargāntavyaktisadbhāvahetavaḥ

[1.2.17] but pra- (“forth, forward”) + vibhāgaśaḥ form

Word make-up

pradhānapuruṣavyaktakālās (प्रधानपुरुषव्यक्तकालास्): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + dhānapuruṣavyaktakālās.
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
pravibhāgaśaḥ (प्रविभागशः): pra- (“forth, forward”) + vibhāgaśaḥ; pra- (“forth, forward”) + vibhāgaśaḥ.
rūpāṇi (रूपाणि): form; rūpa: form, outward shape (what is seen). Not “beauty” first.
sthitisargāntavyaktisadbhāvahetavaḥ (स्थितिसर्गान्तव्यक्तिसद्भावहेतवः): The core matches the root vah, “to carry.”

व्यक्तं विष्णुस् तथाव्यक्तं पुरुषः काल एव च क्रीडतो बालकस्येव चेष्टां तस्य निशामय

vyaktaṃ viṣṇus tathāvyaktaṃ puruṣaḥ kāla eva ca krīḍato bālakasyeva ceṣṭāṃ tasya niśāmaya

[1.2.18] manifest The pervading one the Person time just and of that ni- (“down, in”) + śāmaya

Word make-up

vyaktaṃ (व्यक्तं): manifest; vi-añj, “to make clear, to smear forth.” Manifest; made-clear.
viṣṇus (विष्णुस्): The pervading one; From viṣ, “to be active, to pervade.” The pervading one.
tathāvyaktaṃ (तथाव्यक्तं): tathāvyaktaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
puruṣaḥ (पुरुषः): the Person; Often analysed as pūr “filling” or pur “citadel” + śī “to lie”: the one who lies in the stronghold (the body). The Person, as against prakṛti the making-forth.
kāla (काल): time; kāla: time; also “the dark, the calculating.” Time as what counts out and cuts off.
eva (एव): just; Particle of restriction or emphasis: “only, just, indeed.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
krīḍato (क्रीडतो): krīḍato is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
bālakasyeva (बालकस्येव): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
ceṣṭāṃ (चेष्टां): ceṣṭāṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tasya (तस्य): of that; Genitive of tad: “of that, his.”
niśāmaya (निशामय): ni- (“down, in”) + śāmaya; ni- (“down, in”) + śāmaya.

अव्यक्तं कारणं यत् तत् प्रधानम् ऋषिसत्तमैः प्रोच्यते प्रकृतिः सूक्ष्मा नित्या सदसदात्मिका

avyaktaṃ kāraṇaṃ yat tat pradhānam ṛṣisattamaiḥ procyate prakṛtiḥ sūkṣmā nityā sadasadātmikā

[1.2.19] un-manifest the causing which that the making-forth fine continual

Word make-up

avyaktaṃ (अव्यक्तं): un-manifest; a- (“not”) + vyakta (vi-añj, “to anoint, to make clear”). Un-manifest; not made clear.
kāraṇaṃ (कारणं): the causing; From kṛ: the causing; a cause as that which makes.
yat (यत्): which; Neuter of yad: “which, what, that.” Relative stem ya-.
tat (तत्): that; Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
pradhānam (प्रधानम्): The core matches the root nam, “to bow.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + dhānam.
ṛṣisattamaiḥ (ऋषिसत्तमैः): ṛṣisattamaiḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
procyate (प्रोच्यते): procyate is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
prakṛtiḥ (प्रकृतिः): the making-forth; pra- (“forth”) + kṛ (“to make”) + -ti. The making-forth.
sūkṣmā (सूक्ष्मा): fine; Inflected from sūkṣma. sūkṣma: fine, subtle.
nityā (नित्या): continual; Continual; in-dwelling as constant.
sadasadātmikā (सदसदात्मिका): The core matches the root sad, “to sit.”

अक्षयं नान्यदाधारम् अमेयम् अजरं ध्रुवम् शब्दस्पर्शविहीनं तद् रूपादिभिर् असंहतम्

akṣayaṃ nānyadādhāram ameyam ajaraṃ dhruvam śabdasparśavihīnaṃ tad rūpādibhir asaṃhatam

[1.2.20] a- (“not”) + kṣayaṃ a- (“not”) + meyam a- (“not”) + jaraṃ that

Word make-up

akṣayaṃ (अक्षयं): a- (“not”) + kṣayaṃ; a- (“not”) + kṣayaṃ.
nānyadādhāram (नान्यदाधारम्): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
ameyam (अमेयम्): a- (“not”) + meyam; a- (“not”) + meyam.
ajaraṃ (अजरं): a- (“not”) + jaraṃ; a- (“not”) + jaraṃ.
dhruvam (ध्रुवम्): dhruvam is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
śabdasparśavihīnaṃ (शब्दस्पर्शविहीनं): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
tad (तद्): that; Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
rūpādibhir (रूपादिभिर्): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.”
asaṃhatam (असंहतम्): The core matches the root as, “to be.” a- (“not”) + saṃhatam.

त्रिगुणं तज् जगद्योनिर् अनादिप्रभवाव्ययम् तेनाग्रे सर्वम् एवासीद् व्याप्तं वै प्रलयाद् अनु

triguṇaṃ taj jagadyonir anādiprabhavāvyayam tenāgre sarvam evāsīd vyāptaṃ vai pralayād anu

[1.2.21] all indeed

Word make-up

triguṇaṃ (त्रिगुणं): triguṇaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
taj (तज्): taj is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
jagadyonir (जगद्योनिर्): jagadyonir is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
anādiprabhavāvyayam (अनादिप्रभवाव्ययम्): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.” a- (“not”) + nādiprabhavāvyayam.
tenāgre (तेनाग्रे): tenāgre is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sarvam (सर्वम्): all; sarva: whole, all. The entire, not a leftover.
evāsīd (एवासीद्): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
vyāptaṃ (व्याप्तं): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.”
vai (वै): indeed; Particle of emphasis: “indeed.”
pralayād (प्रलयाद्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + layād.
anu (अनु): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”

वेदवादविदो विद्वन् नियता ब्रह्मवादिनः पठन्ति चैतम् एवार्थं प्रधानप्रतिपादकम्

vedavādavido vidvan niyatā brahmavādinaḥ paṭhanti caitam evārthaṃ pradhānapratipādakam

[1.2.22] restrained

Word make-up

vedavādavido (वेदवादविदो): The core matches the root vid, “to know / to find.”
vidvan (विद्वन्): The core matches the root vid, “to know / to find.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + dvan.
niyatā (नियता): restrained; Inflected from niyata. ni-yam, “to restrain down.” Restrained. niyata-ātman: those of restrained self.
brahmavādinaḥ (ब्रह्मवादिनः): brahmavādinaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
paṭhanti (पठन्ति): The core matches the root han, “to strike.”
caitam (चैतम्): caitam is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
evārthaṃ (एवार्थं): evārthaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
pradhānapratipādakam (प्रधानप्रतिपादकम्): The core matches the root kam, “to desire.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + dhānapratipādakam.

नाहो न रात्रिर् न नभो न भूमिर् नासीत् तमो ज्योतिर् अभून् न चान्यत् श्रोत्रादिबुद्ध्यानुपलभ्यम् एकं प्राधानिकं ब्रह्म पुमांस् तदासीत्

nāho na rātrir na nabho na bhūmir nāsīt tamo jyotir abhūn na cānyat śrotrādibuddhyānupalabhyam ekaṃ prādhānikaṃ brahma pumāṃs tadāsīt

[1.2.23] not not not him not one that-which-is-vast (brahman)

Word make-up

nāho (नाहो): nāho is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
na (न): not; Negation: “not.”
rātrir (रात्रिर्): rātrir is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
na (न): not; Negation: “not.”
nabho (नभो): nabho is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
na (न): not; Negation: “not.”
bhūmir (भूमिर्): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
nāsīt (नासीत्): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
tamo (तमो): him; Inflected from tam. Accusative masculine of tad: “him, that.”
jyotir (ज्योतिर्): jyotir is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
abhūn (अभून्): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.” a- (“not”) + bhūn.
na (न): not; Negation: “not.”
cānyat (चान्यत्): cānyat is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
śrotrādibuddhyānupalabhyam (श्रोत्रादिबुद्ध्यानुपलभ्यम्): The core matches the root labh, “to obtain.”
ekaṃ (एकं): one; eka: one. The one, a single.
prādhānikaṃ (प्राधानिकं): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.”
brahma (ब्रह्म): that-which-is-vast (brahman); Neuter of brahman, from bṛh, “to grow, to swell, to be vast.” It names that which is vast — an entity, not a person. The creator god is a different word, Brahmā (masculine). A brāhmaṇa is a person of that class.
pumāṃs (पुमांस्): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
tadāsīt (तदासीत्): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”

विष्णोः स्वरूपात् परतो हि ते ऽन्ये रूपे प्रधानं पुरुषश् च विप्र तस्यैव ते ऽन्येन धृते वियुक्ते रूपान्तरं तद् द्विज कालसंज्ञम्

viṣṇoḥ svarūpāt parato hi te 'nye rūpe pradhānaṃ puruṣaś ca vipra tasyaiva te 'nyena dhṛte viyukte rūpāntaraṃ tad dvija kālasaṃjñam

[1.2.24] for you form and vi- (“apart, asunder”) + pra you yoked that twice-born

Word make-up

viṣṇoḥ (विष्णोः): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + ṣṇoḥ.
svarūpāt (स्वरूपात्): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.”
parato (परतो): parato is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
hi (हि): for; Particle: “for, because, indeed” — marks a reason or emphasis.
te (ते): you; Enclitic of yuṣmad (“your / to you”) or nominative plural of tad (“they”). Sense follows the verse.
'nye (ऽन्ये): 'nye is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
rūpe (रूपे): form; Inflected from rūpa. rūpa: form, outward shape (what is seen). Not “beauty” first.
pradhānaṃ (प्रधानं): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + dhānaṃ.
puruṣaś (पुरुषश्): puruṣaś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
vipra (विप्र): vi- (“apart, asunder”) + pra; vi- (“apart, asunder”) + pra.
tasyaiva (तस्यैव): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
te (ते): you; Enclitic of yuṣmad (“your / to you”) or nominative plural of tad (“they”). Sense follows the verse.
'nyena (ऽन्येन): 'nyena is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
dhṛte (धृते): The core matches the root dhṛ, “to hold.”
viyukte (वियुक्ते): yoked; vi- (“apart, asunder”) joined to yukte. From yuj, “to yoke, to join.” Is yoked; yoked; having yoked. Together the form means vi + that sense.
rūpāntaraṃ (रूपान्तरं): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.”
tad (तद्): that; Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
dvija (द्विज): twice-born; dvi-ja “twice-born.” dvija-uttama: upmost of the twice-born.
kālasaṃjñam (कालसंज्ञम्): The core matches the root as, “to be.”

प्रकृतौ च स्थितं व्यक्तम् अतीतप्रलये तु यत् तस्मात् प्राकृतसंज्ञो ऽयम् उच्यते प्रतिसंचरः

prakṛtau ca sthitaṃ vyaktam atītapralaye tu yat tasmāt prākṛtasaṃjño 'yam ucyate pratisaṃcaraḥ

[1.2.25] and standing manifest but which therefore is called

Word make-up

prakṛtau (प्रकृतौ): The core matches the root kṛ, “to do, to make.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + kṛtau.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
sthitaṃ (स्थितं): standing; Inflected from sthita. From sthā, “to stand.” Standing-place; stood; having stood; stands.
vyaktam (व्यक्तम्): manifest; vi-añj, “to make clear, to smear forth.” Manifest; made-clear.
atītapralaye (अतीतप्रलये): The core matches the root tap, “to heat.” a- (“not”) + tītapralaye.
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
yat (यत्): which; Neuter of yad: “which, what, that.” Relative stem ya-.
tasmāt (तस्मात्): therefore; Ablative of tad: “from that”; often “therefore.”
prākṛtasaṃjño (प्राकृतसंज्ञो): The core matches the root kṛ, “to do, to make.”
'yam (ऽयम्): 'yam is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ucyate (उच्यते): is called; Passive of vac, “to speak.” It is said; it is called.
pratisaṃcaraḥ (प्रतिसंचरः): The core matches the root car, “to move.” prati- (“back, against, toward each”) + saṃcaraḥ.

अनादिर् भगवान् कालो नान्तो ऽस्य द्विज विद्यते अव्युच्छिन्नास् ततस् त्व् एते सर्गस्थित्यन्तसंयमाः

anādir bhagavān kālo nānto 'sya dvija vidyate avyucchinnās tatas tv ete sargasthityantasaṃyamāḥ

[1.2.26] the Lord time twice-born know then these

Word make-up

anādir (अनादिर्): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.” a- (“not”) + nādir.
bhagavān (भगवान्): the Lord; bhaga (“share, portion, majesty,” from bhaj “to share”) + -vant “possessing.” One who has the share of majesty. The Lord as the one possessed of majesty, not a first name.
kālo (कालो): time; Inflected from kāla. kāla: time; also “the dark, the calculating.” Time as what counts out and cuts off.
nānto (नान्तो): nānto is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
'sya (ऽस्य): 'sya is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
dvija (द्विज): twice-born; dvi-ja “twice-born.” dvija-uttama: upmost of the twice-born.
vidyate (विद्यते): know; From vid, “to know” (vetti, viduḥ, viddhi) or “to be found” (vidyate). Knows; they know; is found; know!
avyucchinnās (अव्युच्छिन्नास्): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.” a- (“not”) + vyucchinnās.
tatas (ततस्): then; From tad + tas: “from that, then.”
tv (त्व्): tv is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ete (एते): these; Nominative plural of etad: “these.”
sargasthityantasaṃyamāḥ (सर्गस्थित्यन्तसंयमाः): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”

गुणसाम्ये ततस् तस्मिन् पृथक् पुंसि व्यवस्थिते कालस्वरूपं तद् विष्णोर् मैत्रेय परिवर्तते

guṇasāmye tatas tasmin pṛthak puṃsi vyavasthite kālasvarūpaṃ tad viṣṇor maitreya parivartate

[1.2.27] then in that apart that turns

Word make-up

guṇasāmye (गुणसाम्ये): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
tatas (ततस्): then; From tad + tas: “from that, then.”
tasmin (तस्मिन्): in that; Locative of tad: “in that.”
pṛthak (पृथक्): apart; Indeclinable: “apart, separately.”
puṃsi (पुंसि): puṃsi is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
vyavasthite (व्यवस्थिते): The core matches the root vas, “to dwell.”
kālasvarūpaṃ (कालस्वरूपं): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
tad (तद्): that; Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
viṣṇor (विष्णोर्): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + ṣṇor.
maitreya (मैत्रेय): maitreya is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
parivartate (परिवर्तते): turns; pari- (“around”) joined to vartate. From vṛt, “to turn.” Turns, goes on. pra-vṛt: turns forth, starts. Together the form means pari + that sense.

कालस्वरूपरूपं तद् विष्णोर् मैत्रेय वर्तते

kālasvarūparūpaṃ tad viṣṇor maitreya vartate

[1.2.27.21] that turns

Word make-up

kālasvarūparūpaṃ (कालस्वरूपरूपं): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
tad (तद्): that; Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
viṣṇor (विष्णोर्): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + ṣṇor.
maitreya (मैत्रेय): maitreya is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
vartate (वर्तते): turns; From vṛt, “to turn.” Turns, goes on. pra-vṛt: turns forth, starts.

ततस् तत् परमं ब्रह्म परमात्मा जगन्मयः सर्वगः सर्वभूतेशः सर्वात्मा परमेश्वरः

tatas tat paramaṃ brahma paramātmā jaganmayaḥ sarvagaḥ sarvabhūteśaḥ sarvātmā parameśvaraḥ

[1.2.28] then that highest that-which-is-vast (brahman)

Word make-up

tatas (ततस्): then; From tad + tas: “from that, then.”
tat (तत्): that; Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
paramaṃ (परमं): highest; Superlative of para, “beyond, further.” The furthest, the highest.
brahma (ब्रह्म): that-which-is-vast (brahman); Neuter of brahman, from bṛh, “to grow, to swell, to be vast.” It names that which is vast — an entity, not a person. The creator god is a different word, Brahmā (masculine). A brāhmaṇa is a person of that class.
paramātmā (परमात्मा): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
jaganmayaḥ (जगन्मयः): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
sarvagaḥ (सर्वगः): sarvagaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sarvabhūteśaḥ (सर्वभूतेशः): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
sarvātmā (सर्वात्मा): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
parameśvaraḥ (परमेश्वरः): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”

प्रधानं पुरुषं चापि प्रविश्यात्मेच्छया हरिः क्षोभयाम् आस संप्राप्ते सर्गकाले व्ययाव्ययौ

pradhānaṃ puruṣaṃ cāpi praviśyātmecchayā hariḥ kṣobhayām āsa saṃprāpte sargakāle vyayāvyayau

[1.2.29] the Person bow

Word make-up

pradhānaṃ (प्रधानं): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + dhānaṃ.
puruṣaṃ (पुरुषं): the Person; Often analysed as pūr “filling” or pur “citadel” + śī “to lie”: the one who lies in the stronghold (the body). The Person, as against prakṛti the making-forth.
cāpi (चापि): bow; Inflected from cāpa. dhanus: bow. cāpa also bow.
praviśyātmecchayā (प्रविश्यात्मेच्छया): The core matches the root viś, “to enter.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + viśyātmecchayā.
hariḥ (हरिः): hariḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
kṣobhayām (क्षोभयाम्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
āsa (आस): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
saṃprāpte (संप्राप्ते): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.” saṃ- (“together”) + prāpte.
sargakāle (सर्गकाले): sargakāle is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
vyayāvyayau (व्ययाव्ययौ): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”

यथा संनिधिमात्रेण गन्धः क्षोभाय जायते मनसो नोपकर्तृत्वात् तथासौ परमेश्वरः

yathā saṃnidhimātreṇa gandhaḥ kṣobhāya jāyate manaso nopakartṛtvāt tathāsau parameśvaraḥ

[1.2.30] as is born mind

Word make-up

yathā (यथा): as; ya- + thā: “in which way, as.”
saṃnidhimātreṇa (संनिधिमात्रेण): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.” saṃ- (“together”) + nidhimātreṇa.
gandhaḥ (गन्धः): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
kṣobhāya (क्षोभाय): kṣobhāya is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
jāyate (जायते): is born; From jan, “to be born.” Is born; born.
manaso (मनसो): mind; Inflected from manas. From man, “to think, to mind.” The thinking organ; mind as what thinks, not a ghost.
nopakartṛtvāt (नोपकर्तृत्वात्): nopakartṛtvāt is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tathāsau (तथासौ): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
parameśvaraḥ (परमेश्वरः): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”

स एव क्षोभको ब्रह्मन् क्षोभ्यश् च पुरुषोत्तमः स संकोचविकासाभ्यां प्रधानत्वे ऽपि च स्थितः

sa eva kṣobhako brahman kṣobhyaś ca puruṣottamaḥ sa saṃkocavikāsābhyāṃ pradhānatve 'pi ca sthitaḥ

[1.2.31] he just that-which-is-vast (brahman) and upmost Person he and standing

Word make-up

sa (स): he; Nominative singular masculine of tad: “he, that one.”
eva (एव): just; Particle of restriction or emphasis: “only, just, indeed.”
kṣobhako (क्षोभको): kṣobhako is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
brahman (ब्रह्मन्): that-which-is-vast (brahman); Neuter of brahman, from bṛh, “to grow, to swell, to be vast.” It names that which is vast — an entity, not a person. The creator god is a different word, Brahmā (masculine). A brāhmaṇa is a person of that class.
kṣobhyaś (क्षोभ्यश्): kṣobhyaś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
puruṣottamaḥ (पुरुषोत्तमः): upmost Person; puruṣa + uttama (ud-tama, upmost). O upmost Person.
sa (स): he; Nominative singular masculine of tad: “he, that one.”
saṃkocavikāsābhyāṃ (संकोचविकासाभ्यां): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.” saṃ- (“together”) + kocavikāsābhyāṃ.
pradhānatve (प्रधानत्वे): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + dhānatve.
'pi (ऽपि): 'pi is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
sthitaḥ (स्थितः): standing; From sthā, “to stand.” Standing-place; stood; having stood; stands.

विकासाणुस्वरूपैश् च ब्रह्मरूपादिभिस् तथा व्यक्तस्वरूपश् च तथा विष्णुः सर्वेश्वरेश्वरः

vikāsāṇusvarūpaiś ca brahmarūpādibhis tathā vyaktasvarūpaś ca tathā viṣṇuḥ sarveśvareśvaraḥ

[1.2.32] and so and so The pervading one

Word make-up

vikāsāṇusvarūpaiś (विकासाणुस्वरूपैश्): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + kāsāṇusvarūpaiś.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
brahmarūpādibhis (ब्रह्मरूपादिभिस्): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.”
tathā (तथा): so; ta- + thā: “in that way, so.”
vyaktasvarūpaś (व्यक्तस्वरूपश्): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
tathā (तथा): so; ta- + thā: “in that way, so.”
viṣṇuḥ (विष्णुः): The pervading one; From viṣ, “to be active, to pervade.” The pervading one.
sarveśvareśvaraḥ (सर्वेश्वरेश्वरः): sarveśvareśvaraḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

गुणसाम्यात् ततस् तस्मात् क्षेत्रज्ञाधिष्ठितान् मुने गुणव्यञ्जनसंभूतिः सर्गकाले द्विजोत्तम

guṇasāmyāt tatas tasmāt kṣetrajñādhiṣṭhitān mune guṇavyañjanasaṃbhūtiḥ sargakāle dvijottama

[1.2.33] then therefore twice-born

Word make-up

guṇasāmyāt (गुणसाम्यात्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
tatas (ततस्): then; From tad + tas: “from that, then.”
tasmāt (तस्मात्): therefore; Ablative of tad: “from that”; often “therefore.”
kṣetrajñādhiṣṭhitān (क्षेत्रज्ञाधिष्ठितान्): The core matches the root jñā, “to know.”
mune (मुने): mune is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
guṇavyañjanasaṃbhūtiḥ (गुणव्यञ्जनसंभूतिः): The core matches the root jan, “to be born.”
sargakāle (सर्गकाले): sargakāle is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
dvijottama (द्विजोत्तम): twice-born; dvi-ja “twice-born.” dvija-uttama: upmost of the twice-born.

प्रधानतत्त्वम् उद्भूतं महान्तं तत् समावृणोत् सात्त्विको राजसश् चैव तामसश् च त्रिधा महान् प्रधानतत्त्वेन समं त्वचा बीजम् इवावृतम्

pradhānatattvam udbhūtaṃ mahāntaṃ tat samāvṛṇot sāttviko rājasaś caiva tāmasaś ca tridhā mahān pradhānatattvena samaṃ tvacā bījam ivāvṛtam

[1.2.34] what has come to be great that of being-ness and great even seed

Word make-up

pradhānatattvam (प्रधानतत्त्वम्): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + dhānatattvam.
udbhūtaṃ (उद्भूतं): what has come to be; ud- (“up, out”) joined to bhūtaṃ. Past participle of bhū: “what has come to be; a being.” Together the form means ud + that sense.
mahāntaṃ (महान्तं): great; mahat: great. From mah, “to be great.”
tat (तत्): that; Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
samāvṛṇot (समावृणोत्): The core matches the root vṛ, “to cover / to choose.” sam- (“together”) + āvṛṇot.
sāttviko (सात्त्विको): of being-ness; Inflected from sāttvika. Of sattva: belonging to being-ness, the lucid strand.
rājasaś (राजसश्): The core matches the root rāj, “to shine, to rule.”
caiva (चैव): caiva is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tāmasaś (तामसश्): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
tridhā (त्रिधा): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.”
mahān (महान्): great; mahat: great. From mah, “to be great.”
pradhānatattvena (प्रधानतत्त्वेन): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + dhānatattvena.
samaṃ (समं): even; sama: same, even, equal. Evenness.
tvacā (त्वचा): The core matches the root vac, “to speak.”
bījam (बीजम्): seed; bīja: seed (what is to be born from).
ivāvṛtam (इवावृतम्): The core matches the root vṛt, “to turn.”

वैकारिकस् तैजसश् च भूतादिश् चैव तामसः त्रिविधो ऽयम् अहंकारो महत्तत्त्वाद् अजायत

vaikārikas taijasaś ca bhūtādiś caiva tāmasaḥ trividho 'yam ahaṃkāro mahattattvād ajāyata

[1.2.35] and of darkness ” a- (“not”) + jāyata

Word make-up

vaikārikas (वैकारिकस्): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
taijasaś (तैजसश्): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
bhūtādiś (भूतादिश्): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
caiva (चैव): caiva is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tāmasaḥ (तामसः): of darkness; Of tamas: belonging to darkness.
trividho (त्रिविधो): The core matches the root vid, “to know / to find.”
'yam (ऽयम्): 'yam is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ahaṃkāro (अहंकारो): ”; aham (“I”) + kāra (“making,” from kṛ). I-making; the making of “I.”
mahattattvād (महत्तत्त्वाद्): mahattattvād is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ajāyata (अजायत): a- (“not”) + jāyata; a- (“not”) + jāyata.

भूतेन्द्रियाणां हेतुः स त्रिगुणत्वान् महामुने यथा प्रधानेन महान् महता स तथावृतः

bhūtendriyāṇāṃ hetuḥ sa triguṇatvān mahāmune yathā pradhānena mahān mahatā sa tathāvṛtaḥ

[1.2.36] he as great great he

Word make-up

bhūtendriyāṇāṃ (भूतेन्द्रियाणां): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
hetuḥ (हेतुः): hetuḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sa (स): he; Nominative singular masculine of tad: “he, that one.”
triguṇatvān (त्रिगुणत्वान्): triguṇatvān is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
mahāmune (महामुने): mahāmune is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
yathā (यथा): as; ya- + thā: “in which way, as.”
pradhānena (प्रधानेन): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + dhānena.
mahān (महान्): great; mahat: great. From mah, “to be great.”
mahatā (महता): great; mahat: great. From mah, “to be great.”
sa (स): he; Nominative singular masculine of tad: “he, that one.”
tathāvṛtaḥ (तथावृतः): The core matches the root vṛt, “to turn.”

भूतादिस् तु विकुर्वाणः शब्दतन्मात्रकं ततः ससर्ज शब्दतन्मात्राद् आकाशं शब्दलक्षणम्

bhūtādis tu vikurvāṇaḥ śabdatanmātrakaṃ tataḥ sasarja śabdatanmātrād ākāśaṃ śabdalakṣaṇam

[1.2.37] but vi- (“apart, asunder”) + kurvāṇaḥ then ā- (“unto, fully”) + kāśaṃ

Word make-up

bhūtādis (भूतादिस्): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
vikurvāṇaḥ (विकुर्वाणः): vi- (“apart, asunder”) + kurvāṇaḥ; vi- (“apart, asunder”) + kurvāṇaḥ.
śabdatanmātrakaṃ (शब्दतन्मात्रकं): The core matches the root tan, “to stretch.”
tataḥ (ततः): then; From tad + tas: “from that, then.”
sasarja (ससर्ज): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
śabdatanmātrād (शब्दतन्मात्राद्): The core matches the root tan, “to stretch.”
ākāśaṃ (आकाशं): ā- (“unto, fully”) + kāśaṃ; ā- (“unto, fully”) + kāśaṃ.
śabdalakṣaṇam (शब्दलक्षणम्): śabdalakṣaṇam is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

शब्दमात्रं तथाकाशं भूतादिः स समावृणोत् आकाशस् तु विकुर्वाणः स्पर्शमात्रं ससर्ज ह

śabdamātraṃ tathākāśaṃ bhūtādiḥ sa samāvṛṇot ākāśas tu vikurvāṇaḥ sparśamātraṃ sasarja ha

[1.2.38] he but vi- (“apart, asunder”) + kurvāṇaḥ

Word make-up

śabdamātraṃ (शब्दमात्रं): The core matches the root dam, “to tame.”
tathākāśaṃ (तथाकाशं): tathākāśaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
bhūtādiḥ (भूतादिः): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
sa (स): he; Nominative singular masculine of tad: “he, that one.”
samāvṛṇot (समावृणोत्): The core matches the root vṛ, “to cover / to choose.” sam- (“together”) + āvṛṇot.
ākāśas (आकाशस्): The core matches the root as, “to be.” ā- (“unto, fully”) + kāśas.
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
vikurvāṇaḥ (विकुर्वाणः): vi- (“apart, asunder”) + kurvāṇaḥ; vi- (“apart, asunder”) + kurvāṇaḥ.
sparśamātraṃ (स्पर्शमात्रं): The core matches the root śam, “to be calm.”
sasarja (ससर्ज): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
ha (ह): Enclitic of emphasis, often after a verb of saying; Enclitic of emphasis, often after a verb of saying.

बलवान् अभवद् वायुस् तस्य स्पर्शो गुणो मतः आकाशं शब्दमात्रं तु स्पर्शमात्रं समावृणोत्

balavān abhavad vāyus tasya sparśo guṇo mataḥ ākāśaṃ śabdamātraṃ tu sparśamātraṃ samāvṛṇot

[1.2.39] ” Wind; the blowing one of that strand thought ā- (“unto, fully”) + kāśaṃ but

Word make-up

balavān (बलवान्): balavān is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
abhavad (अभवद्): The core matches the root vad, “to say.” a- (“not”) + bhavad.
vāyus (वायुस्): ” Wind; the blowing one; From vā, “to blow.” Wind; the blowing one.
tasya (तस्य): of that; Genitive of tad: “of that, his.”
sparśo (स्पर्शो): sparśo is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
guṇo (गुणो): strand; A strand, a thread, then a constituent quality. In Sāṅkhya, the three strands that braid experience. Not a moral “virtue.”
mataḥ (मतः): thought; Past participle of man, “to think.” Thought; a held view; “is thought.”
ākāśaṃ (आकाशं): ā- (“unto, fully”) + kāśaṃ; ā- (“unto, fully”) + kāśaṃ.
śabdamātraṃ (शब्दमात्रं): The core matches the root dam, “to tame.”
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
sparśamātraṃ (स्पर्शमात्रं): The core matches the root śam, “to be calm.”
samāvṛṇot (समावृणोत्): The core matches the root vṛ, “to cover / to choose.” sam- (“together”) + āvṛṇot.

ततो वायुर् विकुर्वाणो रूपमात्रं ससर्ज ह ज्योतिर् उत्पद्यते वायोस् तद् रूपगुणम् उच्यते

tato vāyur vikurvāṇo rūpamātraṃ sasarja ha jyotir utpadyate vāyos tad rūpaguṇam ucyate

[1.2.40] that vi- (“apart, asunder”) + kurvāṇo that is called

Word make-up

tato (ततो): that; Inflected from tat. Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
vāyur (वायुर्): vāyur is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
vikurvāṇo (विकुर्वाणो): vi- (“apart, asunder”) + kurvāṇo; vi- (“apart, asunder”) + kurvāṇo.
rūpamātraṃ (रूपमात्रं): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
sasarja (ससर्ज): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
ha (ह): Enclitic of emphasis, often after a verb of saying; Enclitic of emphasis, often after a verb of saying.
jyotir (ज्योतिर्): jyotir is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
utpadyate (उत्पद्यते): The core matches the root pad, “to go, to fall.” ut- (“up, out”) + padyate.
vāyos (वायोस्): vāyos is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tad (तद्): that; Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
rūpaguṇam (रूपगुणम्): rūpaguṇam is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ucyate (उच्यते): is called; Passive of vac, “to speak.” It is said; it is called.

स्पर्शमात्रस् ततो वायू रूपमात्रं समावृणोत् ज्योतिश् चापि विकुर्वाणं रसमात्रं ससर्ज ह

sparśamātras tato vāyū rūpamātraṃ samāvṛṇot jyotiś cāpi vikurvāṇaṃ rasamātraṃ sasarja ha

[1.2.41] that bow vi- (“apart, asunder”) + kurvāṇaṃ

Word make-up

sparśamātras (स्पर्शमात्रस्): The core matches the root śam, “to be calm.”
tato (ततो): that; Inflected from tat. Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
vāyū (वायू): vāyū is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
rūpamātraṃ (रूपमात्रं): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
samāvṛṇot (समावृणोत्): The core matches the root vṛ, “to cover / to choose.” sam- (“together”) + āvṛṇot.
jyotiś (ज्योतिश्): jyotiś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
cāpi (चापि): bow; Inflected from cāpa. dhanus: bow. cāpa also bow.
vikurvāṇaṃ (विकुर्वाणं): vi- (“apart, asunder”) + kurvāṇaṃ; vi- (“apart, asunder”) + kurvāṇaṃ.
rasamātraṃ (रसमात्रं): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
sasarja (ससर्ज): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
ha (ह): Enclitic of emphasis, often after a verb of saying; Enclitic of emphasis, often after a verb of saying.

संभवन्ति ततो ऽम्भांसि रसाधाराणि तानि च रसमात्राणि चाम्भांसि रूपमात्रं समावृणोत्

saṃbhavanti tato 'mbhāṃsi rasādhārāṇi tāni ca rasamātrāṇi cāmbhāṃsi rūpamātraṃ samāvṛṇot

[1.2.42] that them and

Word make-up

saṃbhavanti (संभवन्ति): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.” saṃ- (“together”) + bhavanti.
tato (ततो): that; Inflected from tat. Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
'mbhāṃsi (ऽम्भांसि): 'mbhāṃsi is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
rasādhārāṇi (रसाधाराणि): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.”
tāni (तानि): them; Inflected from tān. Accusative plural of tad: “them.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
rasamātrāṇi (रसमात्राणि): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
cāmbhāṃsi (चाम्भांसि): cāmbhāṃsi is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
rūpamātraṃ (रूपमात्रं): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
samāvṛṇot (समावृणोत्): The core matches the root vṛ, “to cover / to choose.” sam- (“together”) + āvṛṇot.

विकुर्वाणानि चाम्भांसि गन्धमात्रं ससर्जिरे संघातो जायते तस्मात् तस्य गन्धो गुणो मतः

vikurvāṇāni cāmbhāṃsi gandhamātraṃ sasarjire saṃghāto jāyate tasmāt tasya gandho guṇo mataḥ

[1.2.43] vi- (“apart, asunder”) + kurvāṇāni saṃ- (“together”) + ghāto is born therefore of that strand thought

Word make-up

vikurvāṇāni (विकुर्वाणानि): vi- (“apart, asunder”) + kurvāṇāni; vi- (“apart, asunder”) + kurvāṇāni.
cāmbhāṃsi (चाम्भांसि): cāmbhāṃsi is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
gandhamātraṃ (गन्धमात्रं): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
sasarjire (ससर्जिरे): The core matches the root ji, “to conquer.”
saṃghāto (संघातो): saṃ- (“together”) + ghāto; saṃ- (“together”) + ghāto.
jāyate (जायते): is born; From jan, “to be born.” Is born; born.
tasmāt (तस्मात्): therefore; Ablative of tad: “from that”; often “therefore.”
tasya (तस्य): of that; Genitive of tad: “of that, his.”
gandho (गन्धो): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
guṇo (गुणो): strand; A strand, a thread, then a constituent quality. In Sāṅkhya, the three strands that braid experience. Not a moral “virtue.”
mataḥ (मतः): thought; Past participle of man, “to think.” Thought; a held view; “is thought.”

तस्मिंस् तस्मिंस् तु तन्मात्रा तेन तन्मात्रता स्मृता तन्मात्राण्य् अविशेषाणि अविशेषास् ततो हि ते

tasmiṃs tasmiṃs tu tanmātrā tena tanmātratā smṛtā tanmātrāṇy aviśeṣāṇi aviśeṣās tato hi te

[1.2.44] but by that that for you

Word make-up

tasmiṃs (तस्मिंस्): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
tasmiṃs (तस्मिंस्): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
tanmātrā (तन्मात्रा): The core matches the root tan, “to stretch.”
tena (तेन): by that; Instrumental of tad: “by that.”
tanmātratā (तन्मात्रता): The core matches the root tan, “to stretch.”
smṛtā (स्मृता): The core matches the root smṛ, “to remember.”
tanmātrāṇy (तन्मात्राण्य्): The core matches the root tan, “to stretch.”
aviśeṣāṇi (अविशेषाणि): The core matches the root viś, “to enter.” a- (“not”) + viśeṣāṇi.
aviśeṣās (अविशेषास्): The core matches the root viś, “to enter.” a- (“not”) + viśeṣās.
tato (ततो): that; Inflected from tat. Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
hi (हि): for; Particle: “for, because, indeed” — marks a reason or emphasis.
te (ते): you; Enclitic of yuṣmad (“your / to you”) or nominative plural of tad (“they”). Sense follows the verse.

न शान्ता नापि घोरास् ते न मूढाश् चाविशेषिणः भूततन्मात्रसर्गो ऽयम् अहंकारात् तु तामसात्

na śāntā nāpi ghorās te na mūḍhāś cāviśeṣiṇaḥ bhūtatanmātrasargo 'yam ahaṃkārāt tu tāmasāt

[1.2.45] not you not a- (“not”) + haṃkārāt but

Word make-up

na (न): not; Negation: “not.”
śāntā (शान्ता): śāntā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
nāpi (नापि): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.”
ghorās (घोरास्): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
te (ते): you; Enclitic of yuṣmad (“your / to you”) or nominative plural of tad (“they”). Sense follows the verse.
na (न): not; Negation: “not.”
mūḍhāś (मूढाश्): mūḍhāś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
cāviśeṣiṇaḥ (चाविशेषिणः): The core matches the root viś, “to enter.”
bhūtatanmātrasargo (भूततन्मात्रसर्गो): The core matches the root tan, “to stretch.”
'yam (ऽयम्): 'yam is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ahaṃkārāt (अहंकारात्): a- (“not”) + haṃkārāt; a- (“not”) + haṃkārāt.
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
tāmasāt (तामसात्): The core matches the root as, “to be.”

तैजसानीन्द्रियाण्य् आहुर् देवा वैकारिका दश एकादशं मनश् चात्र देवा वैकारिकाः स्मृताः

taijasānīndriyāṇy āhur devā vaikārikā daśa ekādaśaṃ manaś cātra devā vaikārikāḥ smṛtāḥ

[1.2.46] shining one ten shining one

Word make-up

taijasānīndriyāṇy (तैजसानीन्द्रियाण्य्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
āhur (आहुर्): The core matches the root hu, “to pour the offering.” ā- (“unto, fully”) + hur.
devā (देवा): shining one; From div, “to shine.” A shining one; a god as a shining being, not a generic “God.”
vaikārikā (वैकारिका): vaikārikā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
daśa (दश): ten; daśan: ten.
ekādaśaṃ (एकादशं): ekādaśaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
manaś (मनश्): The core matches the root naś, “to perish.”
cātra (चात्र): cātra is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
devā (देवा): shining one; From div, “to shine.” A shining one; a god as a shining being, not a generic “God.”
vaikārikāḥ (वैकारिकाः): vaikārikāḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
smṛtāḥ (स्मृताः): The core matches the root smṛ, “to remember.”

त्वक् चक्षुर् नासिका जिह्वा श्रोत्रम् अत्र च पञ्चमम् शब्दादीनाम् अवाप्त्यर्थं बुद्धियुक्तानि वै द्विज

tvak cakṣur nāsikā jihvā śrotram atra ca pañcamam śabdādīnām avāptyarthaṃ buddhiyuktāni vai dvija

[1.2.47] ear here and indeed twice-born

Word make-up

tvak (त्वक्): tvak is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
cakṣur (चक्षुर्): cakṣur is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
nāsikā (नासिका): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
jihvā (जिह्वा): The core matches the root ji, “to conquer.”
śrotram (श्रोत्रम्): ear; śrotra from śru, “to hear”: the hearing organ.
atra (अत्र): here; a- + tra: “in this place.” Here.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
pañcamam (पञ्चमम्): pañcamam is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
śabdādīnām (शब्दादीनाम्): The core matches the root dā, “to give.”
avāptyarthaṃ (अवाप्त्यर्थं): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.” a- (“not”) + vāptyarthaṃ.
buddhiyuktāni (बुद्धियुक्तानि): buddhiyuktāni is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
vai (वै): indeed; Particle of emphasis: “indeed.”
dvija (द्विज): twice-born; dvi-ja “twice-born.” dvija-uttama: upmost of the twice-born.

पायूपस्थौ करौ पादौ वाक् च मैत्रेय पञ्चमी विसर्गशिल्पगत्युक्ति कर्म तेषां च कथ्यते

pāyūpasthau karau pādau vāk ca maitreya pañcamī visargaśilpagatyukti karma teṣāṃ ca kathyate

[1.2.48] hand foot speech and vi- (“apart, asunder”) + sargaśilpagatyukti action of them and

Word make-up

pāyūpasthau (पायूपस्थौ): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.”
karau (करौ): hand; Inflected from kara. hasta: hand. kara from kṛ, “doer,” also hand.
pādau (पादौ): foot; pāda: foot, quarter (pad, “to go”). caraṇa from car, “to move.”
vāk (वाक्): speech; From vac, “to speak.” Speech; a speaking.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
maitreya (मैत्रेय): maitreya is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
pañcamī (पञ्चमी): pañcamī is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
visargaśilpagatyukti (विसर्गशिल्पगत्युक्ति): vi- (“apart, asunder”) + sargaśilpagatyukti; vi- (“apart, asunder”) + sargaśilpagatyukti.
karma (कर्म): action; From kṛ, “to do, to make.” The deed, the doing. Not “fate” and not “ritual” unless the verse is about offering.
teṣāṃ (तेषां): of them; Genitive plural of tad: “of them.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
kathyate (कथ्यते): kathyate is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

आकाशवायुतेजांसि सलिलं पृथिवी तथा शब्दादिभिर् गुणैर् ब्रह्मन् संयुक्तान्य् उत्तरोत्तरैः

ākāśavāyutejāṃsi salilaṃ pṛthivī tathā śabdādibhir guṇair brahman saṃyuktāny uttarottaraiḥ

[1.2.49] ā- (“unto, fully”) + kāśavāyutejāṃsi so that-which-is-vast (brahman) saṃ- (“together”) + yuktāny ut- (“up, out”) + tarottaraiḥ

Word make-up

ākāśavāyutejāṃsi (आकाशवायुतेजांसि): ā- (“unto, fully”) + kāśavāyutejāṃsi; ā- (“unto, fully”) + kāśavāyutejāṃsi.
salilaṃ (सलिलं): salilaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
pṛthivī (पृथिवी): pṛthivī is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tathā (तथा): so; ta- + thā: “in that way, so.”
śabdādibhir (शब्दादिभिर्): The core matches the root dā, “to give.”
guṇair (गुणैर्): guṇair is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
brahman (ब्रह्मन्): that-which-is-vast (brahman); Neuter of brahman, from bṛh, “to grow, to swell, to be vast.” It names that which is vast — an entity, not a person. The creator god is a different word, Brahmā (masculine). A brāhmaṇa is a person of that class.
saṃyuktāny (संयुक्तान्य्): saṃ- (“together”) + yuktāny; saṃ- (“together”) + yuktāny.
uttarottaraiḥ (उत्तरोत्तरैः): ut- (“up, out”) + tarottaraiḥ; ut- (“up, out”) + tarottaraiḥ.

शान्ता घोराश् च मूढाश् च विशेषास् तेन ते स्मृताः

śāntā ghorāś ca mūḍhāś ca viśeṣās tena te smṛtāḥ

[1.2.50] and and by that you

Word make-up

śāntā (शान्ता): śāntā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ghorāś (घोराश्): ghorāś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
mūḍhāś (मूढाश्): mūḍhāś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
viśeṣās (विशेषास्): The core matches the root viś, “to enter.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + śeṣās.
tena (तेन): by that; Instrumental of tad: “by that.”
te (ते): you; Enclitic of yuṣmad (“your / to you”) or nominative plural of tad (“they”). Sense follows the verse.
smṛtāḥ (स्मृताः): The core matches the root smṛ, “to remember.”

नानावीर्याः पृथग्भूतास् ततस् ते संहतिं विना नाशक्नुवन् प्रजाः स्रष्टुम् असमागम्य कृत्स्नशः

nānāvīryāḥ pṛthagbhūtās tatas te saṃhatiṃ vinā nāśaknuvan prajāḥ sraṣṭum asamāgamya kṛtsnaśaḥ

[1.2.51] then you saṃ- (“together”) + hatiṃ without born from

Word make-up

nānāvīryāḥ (नानावीर्याः): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
pṛthagbhūtās (पृथग्भूतास्): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
tatas (ततस्): then; From tad + tas: “from that, then.”
te (ते): you; Enclitic of yuṣmad (“your / to you”) or nominative plural of tad (“they”). Sense follows the verse.
saṃhatiṃ (संहतिं): saṃ- (“together”) + hatiṃ; saṃ- (“together”) + hatiṃ.
vinā (विना): without; Indeclinable: “without.”
nāśaknuvan (नाशक्नुवन्): The core matches the root śak, “to be able.”
prajāḥ (प्रजाः): born from; pra- (“forth, forward”) joined to jāḥ. From jan, “to be born.” Born from; produced. Together the form means pra + that sense.
sraṣṭum (स्रष्टुम्): sraṣṭum is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
asamāgamya (असमागम्य): The core matches the root gam, “to go.” a- (“not”) + samāgamya.
kṛtsnaśaḥ (कृत्स्नशः): The core matches the root naś, “to perish.”

समेत्यान्योन्यसंयोगं परस्परसमाश्रयाः एकसंघातलक्ष्याश् च संप्राप्यैक्यम् अशेषतः

sametyānyonyasaṃyogaṃ parasparasamāśrayāḥ ekasaṃghātalakṣyāś ca saṃprāpyaikyam aśeṣataḥ

[1.2.52] and a- (“not”) + śeṣataḥ

Word make-up

sametyānyonyasaṃyogaṃ (समेत्यान्योन्यसंयोगं): The core matches the root yā, “to go.” sam- (“together”) + etyānyonyasaṃyogaṃ.
parasparasamāśrayāḥ (परस्परसमाश्रयाः): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
ekasaṃghātalakṣyāś (एकसंघातलक्ष्याश्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
saṃprāpyaikyam (संप्राप्यैक्यम्): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.” saṃ- (“together”) + prāpyaikyam.
aśeṣataḥ (अशेषतः): a- (“not”) + śeṣataḥ; a- (“not”) + śeṣataḥ.

पुरुषाधिष्ठितत्वाच् च अव्यक्तानुग्रहेण च महदाद्या विशेषान्ता ह्य् अण्डम् उत्पादयन्ति ते

puruṣādhiṣṭhitatvāc ca avyaktānugraheṇa ca mahadādyā viśeṣāntā hy aṇḍam utpādayanti te

[1.2.53] and and a- (“not”) + ṇḍam you

Word make-up

puruṣādhiṣṭhitatvāc (पुरुषाधिष्ठितत्वाच्): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
avyaktānugraheṇa (अव्यक्तानुग्रहेण): The core matches the root grah, “to grasp.” a- (“not”) + vyaktānugraheṇa.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
mahadādyā (महदाद्या): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
viśeṣāntā (विशेषान्ता): The core matches the root viś, “to enter.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + śeṣāntā.
hy (ह्य्): hy is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
aṇḍam (अण्डम्): a- (“not”) + ṇḍam; a- (“not”) + ṇḍam.
utpādayanti (उत्पादयन्ति): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.” ut- (“up, out”) + pādayanti.
te (ते): you; Enclitic of yuṣmad (“your / to you”) or nominative plural of tad (“they”). Sense follows the verse.

तत् क्रमेण विवृद्धं तु जलबुद्बुदवत् समम् भूतेभ्यो ऽण्डं महाबुद्धे बृहत् तद् उदकेशयम् प्राकृतं ब्रह्मरूपस्य विष्णोः स्थानम् अनुत्तमम्

tat krameṇa vivṛddhaṃ tu jalabudbudavat samam bhūtebhyo 'ṇḍaṃ mahābuddhe bṛhat tad udakeśayam prākṛtaṃ brahmarūpasya viṣṇoḥ sthānam anuttamam

[1.2.54] that but even that ud- (“up, out”) + akeśayam standing not upmost

Word make-up

tat (तत्): that; Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
krameṇa (क्रमेण): The core matches the root kram, “to step.”
vivṛddhaṃ (विवृद्धं): The core matches the root vṛ, “to cover / to choose.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + vṛddhaṃ.
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
jalabudbudavat (जलबुद्बुदवत्): jalabudbudavat is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
samam (समम्): even; sama: same, even, equal. Evenness.
bhūtebhyo (भूतेभ्यो): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
'ṇḍaṃ (ऽण्डं): 'ṇḍaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
mahābuddhe (महाबुद्धे): mahābuddhe is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
bṛhat (बृहत्): The core matches the root bṛh, “to swell, to grow vast.”
tad (तद्): that; Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
udakeśayam (उदकेशयम्): ud- (“up, out”) + akeśayam; ud- (“up, out”) + akeśayam.
prākṛtaṃ (प्राकृतं): The core matches the root kṛ, “to do, to make.”
brahmarūpasya (ब्रह्मरूपस्य): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
viṣṇoḥ (विष्णोः): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + ṣṇoḥ.
sthānam (स्थानम्): standing; From sthā, “to stand.” Standing-place; stood; having stood; stands.
anuttamam (अनुत्तमम्): not upmost; an- (“not,” before vowels) joined to uttamam. ud- (“up”) + tama (superlative). The upmost, the highest. Together the form means an + that sense.

तत्राव्यक्तस्वरूपो ऽसौ व्यक्तरूपी जगत्पतिः विष्णुर् ब्रह्मस्वरूपेण स्वयम् एव व्यवस्थितः

tatrāvyaktasvarūpo 'sau vyaktarūpī jagatpatiḥ viṣṇur brahmasvarūpeṇa svayam eva vyavasthitaḥ

[1.2.55] master of the moving world oneself just

Word make-up

tatrāvyaktasvarūpo (तत्राव्यक्तस्वरूपो): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
'sau (ऽसौ): 'sau is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
vyaktarūpī (व्यक्तरूपी): vyaktarūpī is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
jagatpatiḥ (जगत्पतिः): master of the moving world; jagat + pati: master of the moving world.
viṣṇur (विष्णुर्): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + ṣṇur.
brahmasvarūpeṇa (ब्रह्मस्वरूपेण): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
svayam (स्वयम्): oneself; sva + yam: by oneself; of one’s own accord.
eva (एव): just; Particle of restriction or emphasis: “only, just, indeed.”
vyavasthitaḥ (व्यवस्थितः): The core matches the root vas, “to dwell.”

मेरुर् उल्बम् अभूत् तस्य जरायुश् च महीधराः गर्भोदकं समुद्राश् च तस्यासन् सुमहात्मनः

merur ulbam abhūt tasya jarāyuś ca mahīdharāḥ garbhodakaṃ samudrāś ca tasyāsan sumahātmanaḥ

[1.2.56] of that and and

Word make-up

merur (मेरुर्): merur is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ulbam (उल्बम्): ulbam is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
abhūt (अभूत्): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.” a- (“not”) + bhūt.
tasya (तस्य): of that; Genitive of tad: “of that, his.”
jarāyuś (जरायुश्): jarāyuś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
mahīdharāḥ (महीधराः): mahīdharāḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
garbhodakaṃ (गर्भोदकं): garbhodakaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
samudrāś (समुद्राश्): The core matches the root mud, “to be glad.” sam- (“together”) + udrāś.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
tasyāsan (तस्यासन्): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
sumahātmanaḥ (सुमहात्मनः): The core matches the root man, “to think.” su- (“well, good”) + mahātmanaḥ.

साद्रिद्वीपसमुद्राश् च सज्योतिर् लोकसंग्रहः तस्मिन्न् अण्डे ऽभवद् विप्र सदेवासुरमानुषः

sādridvīpasamudrāś ca sajyotir lokasaṃgrahaḥ tasminn aṇḍe 'bhavad vipra sadevāsuramānuṣaḥ

[1.2.57] and a- (“not”) + ṇḍe vi- (“apart, asunder”) + pra

Word make-up

sādridvīpasamudrāś (साद्रिद्वीपसमुद्राश्): The core matches the root mud, “to be glad.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
sajyotir (सज्योतिर्): sajyotir is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
lokasaṃgrahaḥ (लोकसंग्रहः): The core matches the root grah, “to grasp.”
tasminn (तस्मिन्न्): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
aṇḍe (अण्डे): a- (“not”) + ṇḍe; a- (“not”) + ṇḍe.
'bhavad (ऽभवद्): The core matches the root vad, “to say.”
vipra (विप्र): vi- (“apart, asunder”) + pra; vi- (“apart, asunder”) + pra.
sadevāsuramānuṣaḥ (सदेवासुरमानुषः): The core matches the root sad, “to sit.”

वारिवह्न्यनिलाकाशैस् ततो भूतादिना बहिः वृतं दशगुणैर् अण्डं भूतादिर् महता तथा

vārivahnyanilākāśais tato bhūtādinā bahiḥ vṛtaṃ daśaguṇair aṇḍaṃ bhūtādir mahatā tathā

[1.2.58] that outside a- (“not”) + ṇḍaṃ great so

Word make-up

vārivahnyanilākāśais (वारिवह्न्यनिलाकाशैस्): The core matches the root vah, “to carry.”
tato (ततो): that; Inflected from tat. Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
bhūtādinā (भूतादिना): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
bahiḥ (बहिः): outside; Indeclinable: “outside.”
vṛtaṃ (वृतं): The core matches the root vṛt, “to turn.”
daśaguṇair (दशगुणैर्): daśaguṇair is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
aṇḍaṃ (अण्डं): a- (“not”) + ṇḍaṃ; a- (“not”) + ṇḍaṃ.
bhūtādir (भूतादिर्): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
mahatā (महता): great; mahat: great. From mah, “to be great.”
tathā (तथा): so; ta- + thā: “in that way, so.”

अव्यक्तेनावृतो ब्रह्मंस् तैः सर्वैः सहितो महान् एभिर् आवरणैर् अण्डं सप्तभिः प्राकृतैर् वृतम् नालिकेरफलस्यान्तर् बीजं बाह्यदलैर् इव

avyaktenāvṛto brahmaṃs taiḥ sarvaiḥ sahito mahān ebhir āvaraṇair aṇḍaṃ saptabhiḥ prākṛtair vṛtam nālikeraphalasyāntar bījaṃ bāhyadalair iva

[1.2.59] all great ā- (“unto, fully”) + varaṇair a- (“not”) + ṇḍaṃ seven seed like

Word make-up

avyaktenāvṛto (अव्यक्तेनावृतो): The core matches the root vṛt, “to turn.” a- (“not”) + vyaktenāvṛto.
brahmaṃs (ब्रह्मंस्): brahmaṃs is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
taiḥ (तैः): taiḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sarvaiḥ (सर्वैः): all; Inflected from sarva. sarva: whole, all. The entire, not a leftover.
sahito (सहितो): sahito is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
mahān (महान्): great; mahat: great. From mah, “to be great.”
ebhir (एभिर्): ebhir is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
āvaraṇair (आवरणैर्): ā- (“unto, fully”) + varaṇair; ā- (“unto, fully”) + varaṇair.
aṇḍaṃ (अण्डं): a- (“not”) + ṇḍaṃ; a- (“not”) + ṇḍaṃ.
saptabhiḥ (सप्तभिः): seven; Inflected from sapta. saptan: seven.
prākṛtair (प्राकृतैर्): The core matches the root kṛ, “to do, to make.”
vṛtam (वृतम्): The core matches the root vṛt, “to turn.”
nālikeraphalasyāntar (नालिकेरफलस्यान्तर्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
bījaṃ (बीजं): seed; bīja: seed (what is to be born from).
bāhyadalair (बाह्यदलैर्): bāhyadalair is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
iva (इव): like; Particle of comparison: “like, as if.”

जुषन् रजोगुणं तत्र स्वयं विश्वेश्वरो हरिः ब्रह्मा भूत्वास्य जगतो विसृष्टौ संप्रवर्तते

juṣan rajoguṇaṃ tatra svayaṃ viśveśvaro hariḥ brahmā bhūtvāsya jagato visṛṣṭau saṃpravartate

[1.2.60] there oneself Not the neuter brahma the moving world turns

Word make-up

juṣan (जुषन्): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
rajoguṇaṃ (रजोगुणं): rajoguṇaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tatra (तत्र): there; ta- + tra: “in that place, there.”
svayaṃ (स्वयं): oneself; sva + yam: by oneself; of one’s own accord.
viśveśvaro (विश्वेश्वरो): The core matches the root viś, “to enter.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + śveśvaro.
hariḥ (हरिः): hariḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
brahmā (ब्रह्मा): Not the neuter brahma; Masculine of brahman: Brahmā, the creator god, “the swelling/vast one” as a person. Not the neuter brahma.
bhūtvāsya (भूत्वास्य): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
jagato (जगतो): the moving world; Inflected from jagat. From gam, “to go” (intensive): that which keeps going, the moving world.
visṛṣṭau (विसृष्टौ): The core matches the root sṛ, “to flow.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + sṛṣṭau.
saṃpravartate (संप्रवर्तते): turns; saṃ- (“together”) joined to pravartate. From vṛt, “to turn.” Turns, goes on. pra-vṛt: turns forth, starts. Together the form means saṃ + that sense.

सृष्टं च पात्य् अनुयुगं यावत् कल्पविकल्पना सत्त्वभृद् भगवान् विष्णुर् अप्रमेयपराक्रमः

sṛṣṭaṃ ca pāty anuyugaṃ yāvat kalpavikalpanā sattvabhṛd bhagavān viṣṇur aprameyaparākramaḥ

[1.2.61] and the Lord

Word make-up

sṛṣṭaṃ (सृष्टं): The core matches the root sṛ, “to flow.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
pāty (पात्य्): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.”
anuyugaṃ (अनुयुगं): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.” anu- (“along, after”) + yugaṃ.
yāvat (यावत्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
kalpavikalpanā (कल्पविकल्पना): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
sattvabhṛd (सत्त्वभृद्): The core matches the root bhṛ, “to bear.”
bhagavān (भगवान्): the Lord; bhaga (“share, portion, majesty,” from bhaj “to share”) + -vant “possessing.” One who has the share of majesty. The Lord as the one possessed of majesty, not a first name.
viṣṇur (विष्णुर्): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + ṣṇur.
aprameyaparākramaḥ (अप्रमेयपराक्रमः): The core matches the root kram, “to step.” a- (“not”) + prameyaparākramaḥ.

तमोउद्रेकी च कल्पान्ते रुद्ररूपी जनार्दनः मैत्रेयाखिलभूतानि भक्षयत्य् अतिभीषणः

tamoudrekī ca kalpānte rudrarūpī janārdanaḥ maitreyākhilabhūtāni bhakṣayaty atibhīṣaṇaḥ

[1.2.62] and janārdanaḥ

Word make-up

tamoudrekī (तमोउद्रेकी): tamoudrekī is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
kalpānte (कल्पान्ते): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.”
rudrarūpī (रुद्ररूपी): rudrarūpī is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
janārdanaḥ (जनार्दनः): A name of Kṛṣṇa; jana (“people,” jan “to be born”) + ardana (ard, “to agitate, to distress”). Agitator of people; or destroyer of the wicked among men. A name of Kṛṣṇa.
maitreyākhilabhūtāni (मैत्रेयाखिलभूतानि): The core matches the root labh, “to obtain.”
bhakṣayaty (भक्षयत्य्): bhakṣayaty is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
atibhīṣaṇaḥ (अतिभीषणः): The core matches the root bhī, “to fear.” ati- (“beyond”) + bhīṣaṇaḥ.

संभक्षयित्वा भूतानि जगत्य् एकार्णवीकृते नागपर्यङ्कशयने शेते ऽसौ परमेश्वरः

saṃbhakṣayitvā bhūtāni jagaty ekārṇavīkṛte nāgaparyaṅkaśayane śete 'sau parameśvaraḥ

[1.2.63] saṃ- (“together”) + bhakṣayitvā lies

Word make-up

saṃbhakṣayitvā (संभक्षयित्वा): saṃ- (“together”) + bhakṣayitvā; saṃ- (“together”) + bhakṣayitvā.
bhūtāni (भूतानि): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
jagaty (जगत्य्): jagaty is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ekārṇavīkṛte (एकार्णवीकृते): The core matches the root kṛ, “to do, to make.”
nāgaparyaṅkaśayane (नागपर्यङ्कशयने): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
śete (शेते): lies; From śī, “to lie.” Lies.
'sau (ऽसौ): 'sau is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
parameśvaraḥ (परमेश्वरः): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”

प्रबुद्धश् च पुनः सृष्टिं करोति ब्रह्मरूपधृक्

prabuddhaś ca punaḥ sṛṣṭiṃ karoti brahmarūpadhṛk

[1.2.64] pra- (“forth, forward”) + buddhaś and again doing

Word make-up

prabuddhaś (प्रबुद्धश्): pra- (“forth, forward”) + buddhaś; pra- (“forth, forward”) + buddhaś.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
punaḥ (पुनः): again; Adverb: “again, back.”
sṛṣṭiṃ (सृष्टिं): The core matches the root sṛ, “to flow.”
karoti (करोति): doing; From kṛ, “to do, to make.” To do; having done; doing.
brahmarūpadhṛk (ब्रह्मरूपधृक्): The core matches the root pad, “to go, to fall.”

सृष्टिस्थित्यन्तकरणाद् ब्रह्मविष्णुशिवात्मिकाम् स संज्ञां याति भगवान् एक एव जनार्दनः

sṛṣṭisthityantakaraṇād brahmaviṣṇuśivātmikām sa saṃjñāṃ yāti bhagavān eka eva janārdanaḥ

[1.2.65] he named going the Lord one just janārdanaḥ

Word make-up

sṛṣṭisthityantakaraṇād (सृष्टिस्थित्यन्तकरणाद्): The core matches the root sṛ, “to flow.”
brahmaviṣṇuśivātmikām (ब्रह्मविष्णुशिवात्मिकाम्): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.”
sa (स): he; Nominative singular masculine of tad: “he, that one.”
saṃjñāṃ (संज्ञां): named; Inflected from saṃjñā. sam-jñā, “together-know”: a name, a designation. sañjñita: named.
yāti (याति): going; From gam / yā, “to go.” Goes; they go; having gone; gone; he goes.
bhagavān (भगवान्): the Lord; bhaga (“share, portion, majesty,” from bhaj “to share”) + -vant “possessing.” One who has the share of majesty. The Lord as the one possessed of majesty, not a first name.
eka (एक): one; eka: one. The one, a single.
eva (एव): just; Particle of restriction or emphasis: “only, just, indeed.”
janārdanaḥ (जनार्दनः): A name of Kṛṣṇa; jana (“people,” jan “to be born”) + ardana (ard, “to agitate, to distress”). Agitator of people; or destroyer of the wicked among men. A name of Kṛṣṇa.

स्रष्टा सृजति चात्मानं विष्णुः पाल्यं च पाति च उपसंहरते चान्ते संहर्ता च स्वयं प्रभुः

sraṣṭā sṛjati cātmānaṃ viṣṇuḥ pālyaṃ ca pāti ca upasaṃharate cānte saṃhartā ca svayaṃ prabhuḥ

[1.2.66] The pervading one and and saṃ- (“together”) + hartā and oneself

Word make-up

sraṣṭā (स्रष्टा): sraṣṭā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sṛjati (सृजति): The core matches the root sṛj, “to emit.”
cātmānaṃ (चात्मानं): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
viṣṇuḥ (विष्णुः): The pervading one; From viṣ, “to be active, to pervade.” The pervading one.
pālyaṃ (पाल्यं): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
pāti (पाति): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
upasaṃharate (उपसंहरते): The core matches the root as, “to be.” upa- (“near, toward”) + saṃharate.
cānte (चान्ते): cānte is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
saṃhartā (संहर्ता): saṃ- (“together”) + hartā; saṃ- (“together”) + hartā.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
svayaṃ (स्वयं): oneself; sva + yam: by oneself; of one’s own accord.
prabhuḥ (प्रभुः): The core matches the root hu, “to pour the offering.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + bhuḥ.

पृथिव्य् आपस् तथा तेजो वायुर् आकाशम् एव च सर्वेन्द्रियान्तःकरणं पुरुषाख्यं हि यज् जगत्

pṛthivy āpas tathā tejo vāyur ākāśam eva ca sarvendriyāntaḥkaraṇaṃ puruṣākhyaṃ hi yaj jagat

[1.2.67] so sharp-glow just and for the moving world

Word make-up

pṛthivy (पृथिव्य्): pṛthivy is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
āpas (आपस्): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.” ā- (“unto, fully”) + pas.
tathā (तथा): so; ta- + thā: “in that way, so.”
tejo (तेजो): sharp-glow; Inflected from teja. From tij, “to be sharp.” Sharp-glow, brilliance.
vāyur (वायुर्): vāyur is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ākāśam (आकाशम्): The core matches the root śam, “to be calm.” ā- (“unto, fully”) + kāśam.
eva (एव): just; Particle of restriction or emphasis: “only, just, indeed.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
sarvendriyāntaḥkaraṇaṃ (सर्वेन्द्रियान्तःकरणं): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
puruṣākhyaṃ (पुरुषाख्यं): puruṣākhyaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
hi (हि): for; Particle: “for, because, indeed” — marks a reason or emphasis.
yaj (यज्): The core matches the root yaj, “to offer.”
jagat (जगत्): the moving world; From gam, “to go” (intensive): that which keeps going, the moving world.

स एव सर्वभूतेशो विश्वरूपो यतो ऽव्ययः सर्गादिकं ततो ऽस्यैव भूतस्थम् उपकारकम्

sa eva sarvabhūteśo viśvarūpo yato 'vyayaḥ sargādikaṃ tato 'syaiva bhūtastham upakārakam

[1.2.68] he just all-form which that

Word make-up

sa (स): he; Nominative singular masculine of tad: “he, that one.”
eva (एव): just; Particle of restriction or emphasis: “only, just, indeed.”
sarvabhūteśo (सर्वभूतेशो): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
viśvarūpo (विश्वरूपो): all-form; Inflected from viśvarūpa. viśva + rūpa: all-form.
yato (यतो): which; Inflected from yat. Neuter of yad: “which, what, that.” Relative stem ya-.
'vyayaḥ (ऽव्ययः): 'vyayaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sargādikaṃ (सर्गादिकं): sargādikaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tato (ततो): that; Inflected from tat. Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
'syaiva (ऽस्यैव): 'syaiva is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
bhūtastham (भूतस्थम्): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
upakārakam (उपकारकम्): The core matches the root kam, “to desire.” upa- (“near, toward”) + kārakam.

स एव सृज्यः स च सर्गकर्ता स एव पात्य् अत्ति च पाल्यते च ब्रह्माद्यवस्थाभिर् अशेषमूर्तिर् विष्णुर् वरिष्ठो वरदो वरेण्यः

sa eva sṛjyaḥ sa ca sargakartā sa eva pāty atti ca pālyate ca brahmādyavasthābhir aśeṣamūrtir viṣṇur variṣṭho varado vareṇyaḥ

[1.2.69] he just he and he just a- (“not”) + tti and and a- (“not”) + śeṣamūrtir

Word make-up

sa (स): he; Nominative singular masculine of tad: “he, that one.”
eva (एव): just; Particle of restriction or emphasis: “only, just, indeed.”
sṛjyaḥ (सृज्यः): The core matches the root sṛj, “to emit.”
sa (स): he; Nominative singular masculine of tad: “he, that one.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
sargakartā (सर्गकर्ता): sargakartā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sa (स): he; Nominative singular masculine of tad: “he, that one.”
eva (एव): just; Particle of restriction or emphasis: “only, just, indeed.”
pāty (पात्य्): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.”
atti (अत्ति): a- (“not”) + tti; a- (“not”) + tti.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
pālyate (पाल्यते): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
brahmādyavasthābhir (ब्रह्माद्यवस्थाभिर्): The core matches the root sthā, “to stand.”
aśeṣamūrtir (अशेषमूर्तिर्): a- (“not”) + śeṣamūrtir; a- (“not”) + śeṣamūrtir.
viṣṇur (विष्णुर्): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + ṣṇur.
variṣṭho (वरिष्ठो): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.”
varado (वरदो): varado is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
vareṇyaḥ (वरेण्यः): vareṇyaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

Viṣṇu Purāṇa

Prathama Aṃśa, Dvitīya Adhyāya

Devanagari scan