Prathama Aṃśa, Ṣaṣṭha Adhyāya

इति श्रीविष्णुपुराणे प्रथमे ऽंशे पञ्चमो ऽध्यायः अर्वाक्स्रोतस् तु कथितो भवता यस् तु मानुषः ब्रह्मन् विस्तरतो ब्रूहि ब्रह्मा तम् असृजद् यथा

[[iti śrīviṣṇupurāṇe prathame 'ṃśe pañcamo 'dhyāyaḥ ]] arvāksrotas tu kathito bhavatā yas tu mānuṣaḥ brahman vistarato brūhi brahmā tam asṛjad yathā

[1.6.1] pra- (“forth, forward”) + thame but who but that-which-is-vast (brahman) vi- (“apart, asunder”) + starato Not the neuter brahma him as

Word make-up

[[iti (इति): [[iti is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
śrīviṣṇupurāṇe (श्रीविष्णुपुराणे): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.”
prathame (प्रथमे): pra- (“forth, forward”) + thame; pra- (“forth, forward”) + thame.
'ṃśe (ऽंशे): 'ṃśe is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
pañcamo (पञ्चमो): pañcamo is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
'dhyāyaḥ (ऽध्यायः): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
]]: ]] is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
arvāksrotas (अर्वाक्स्रोतस्): The core matches the root as, “to be.” a- (“not”) + rvāksrotas.
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
kathito (कथितो): kathito is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
bhavatā (भवता): bhavatā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
yas (यस्): who; Nominative singular of yad: “who, which.”
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
mānuṣaḥ (मानुषः): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
brahman (ब्रह्मन्): that-which-is-vast (brahman); Neuter of brahman, from bṛh, “to grow, to swell, to be vast.” It names that which is vast — an entity, not a person. The creator god is a different word, Brahmā (masculine). A brāhmaṇa is a person of that class.
vistarato (विस्तरतो): vi- (“apart, asunder”) + starato; vi- (“apart, asunder”) + starato.
brūhi (ब्रूहि): The core matches the root brū, “to speak.”
brahmā (ब्रह्मा): Not the neuter brahma; Masculine of brahman: Brahmā, the creator god, “the swelling/vast one” as a person. Not the neuter brahma.
tam (तम्): him; Accusative masculine of tad: “him, that.”
asṛjad (असृजद्): The core matches the root sṛj, “to emit.” a- (“not”) + sṛjad.
yathā (यथा): as; ya- + thā: “in which way, as.”

यथा च वर्णान् असृजद् यद्गुणांश् च महामुने यच् च तेषां स्मृतं कर्म विप्रादीनां तद् उच्यताम्

yathā ca varṇān asṛjad yadguṇāṃś ca mahāmune yac ca teṣāṃ smṛtaṃ karma viprādīnāṃ tad ucyatām

[1.6.2] as and colour-class and and of them action vi- (“apart, asunder”) + prādīnāṃ that

Word make-up

yathā (यथा): as; ya- + thā: “in which way, as.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
varṇān (वर्णान्): colour-class; Inflected from varṇa. From vṛ, “to cover, to choose.” Colour, covering, then class as a covering-name.
asṛjad (असृजद्): The core matches the root sṛj, “to emit.” a- (“not”) + sṛjad.
yadguṇāṃś (यद्गुणांश्): yadguṇāṃś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
mahāmune (महामुने): mahāmune is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
yac (यच्): yac is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
teṣāṃ (तेषां): of them; Genitive plural of tad: “of them.”
smṛtaṃ (स्मृतं): The core matches the root smṛ, “to remember.”
karma (कर्म): action; From kṛ, “to do, to make.” The deed, the doing. Not “fate” and not “ritual” unless the verse is about offering.
viprādīnāṃ (विप्रादीनां): vi- (“apart, asunder”) + prādīnāṃ; vi- (“apart, asunder”) + prādīnāṃ.
tad (तद्): that; Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
ucyatām (उच्यताम्): ucyatām is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

सत्याभिध्यायिनः पूर्वं सिसृक्षोर् ब्रह्मणो जगत् अजायन्त द्विजश्रेष्ठ सत्त्वोद्रिक्ता मुखात् प्रजाः

satyābhidhyāyinaḥ pūrvaṃ sisṛkṣor brahmaṇo jagat ajāyanta dvijaśreṣṭha sattvodriktā mukhāt prajāḥ

[1.6.3] that-which-is-vast (brahman) the moving world born from

Word make-up

satyābhidhyāyinaḥ (सत्याभिध्यायिनः): The core matches the root bhid, “to split.”
pūrvaṃ (पूर्वं): The core matches the root pū, “to purify.”
sisṛkṣor (सिसृक्षोर्): The core matches the root sṛ, “to flow.”
brahmaṇo (ब्रह्मणो): that-which-is-vast (brahman); Inflected from brahmaṇa. Neuter of brahman, from bṛh, “to grow, to swell, to be vast.” It names that which is vast — an entity, not a person. The creator god is a different word, Brahmā (masculine). A brāhmaṇa is a person of that class.
jagat (जगत्): the moving world; From gam, “to go” (intensive): that which keeps going, the moving world.
ajāyanta (अजायन्त): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.” a- (“not”) + jāyanta.
dvijaśreṣṭha (द्विजश्रेष्ठ): dvijaśreṣṭha is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sattvodriktā (सत्त्वोद्रिक्ता): sattvodriktā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
mukhāt (मुखात्): mukhāt is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
prajāḥ (प्रजाः): born from; pra- (“forth, forward”) joined to jāḥ. From jan, “to be born.” Born from; produced. Together the form means pra + that sense.

वक्षसो रजसोद्रिक्तास् तथान्या ब्रह्मणो ऽभवन् रजसा तमसा चैव समुद्रिक्तास् तथोरुतः

vakṣaso rajasodriktās tathānyā brahmaṇo 'bhavan rajasā tamasā caiva samudriktās tathorutaḥ

[1.6.4] that-which-is-vast (brahman) stirring darkness

Word make-up

vakṣaso (वक्षसो): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
rajasodriktās (रजसोद्रिक्तास्): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
tathānyā (तथान्या): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
brahmaṇo (ब्रह्मणो): that-which-is-vast (brahman); Inflected from brahmaṇa. Neuter of brahman, from bṛh, “to grow, to swell, to be vast.” It names that which is vast — an entity, not a person. The creator god is a different word, Brahmā (masculine). A brāhmaṇa is a person of that class.
'bhavan (ऽभवन्): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
rajasā (रजसा): stirring; From rañj / raj, “to be coloured, to be stirred.” The strand of stirring, colouring, passion.
tamasā (तमसा): darkness; From tam, “to faint, to be dark.” Darkness; the strand of dullness and covering.
caiva (चैव): caiva is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
samudriktās (समुद्रिक्तास्): The core matches the root mud, “to be glad.” sam- (“together”) + udriktās.
tathorutaḥ (तथोरुतः): tathorutaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

पद्भ्याम् अन्याः प्रजा ब्रह्मा ससर्ज द्विजसत्तम तमःप्रधानास् ताः सर्वाश् चातुर्वर्ण्यम् इदं ततः

padbhyām anyāḥ prajā brahmā sasarja dvijasattama tamaḥpradhānās tāḥ sarvāś cāturvarṇyam idaṃ tataḥ

[1.6.5] another born from Not the neuter brahma this then

Word make-up

padbhyām (पद्भ्याम्): The core matches the root pad, “to go, to fall.”
anyāḥ (अन्याः): another; Inflected from anya. Nominative singular of anya: “another.”
prajā (प्रजा): born from; pra- (“forth, forward”) joined to jā. From jan, “to be born.” Born from; produced. Together the form means pra + that sense.
brahmā (ब्रह्मा): Not the neuter brahma; Masculine of brahman: Brahmā, the creator god, “the swelling/vast one” as a person. Not the neuter brahma.
sasarja (ससर्ज): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
dvijasattama (द्विजसत्तम): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
tamaḥpradhānās (तमःप्रधानास्): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.”
tāḥ (ताः): tāḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sarvāś (सर्वाश्): sarvāś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
cāturvarṇyam (चातुर्वर्ण्यम्): cāturvarṇyam is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
idaṃ (इदं): this; Neuter of idam: “this” (near).
tataḥ (ततः): then; From tad + tas: “from that, then.”

ब्राह्मणाः क्षत्रिया वैश्याः शूद्राश् च द्विजसत्तम पादोरुवक्षःस्थलतो मुखतश् च समुद्गताः

brāhmaṇāḥ kṣatriyā vaiśyāḥ śūdrāś ca dvijasattama pādoruvakṣaḥsthalato mukhataś ca samudgatāḥ

[1.6.6] a brāhmaṇa warrior-ruler a vaiśya and and

Word make-up

brāhmaṇāḥ (ब्राह्मणाः): a brāhmaṇa; Belonging to brahman (that-which-is-vast). A person of that class; not the same word as brahma.
kṣatriyā (क्षत्रिया): warrior-ruler; Inflected from kṣatriya. From kṣatra, “dominion, power to wound/rule” (kṣi / kṣat). One of the ruling-warrior class.
vaiśyāḥ (वैश्याः): a vaiśya; Inflected from vaiśya. From viś, “settlement, the people.” One of the settler/producer class.
śūdrāś (शूद्राश्): śūdrāś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
dvijasattama (द्विजसत्तम): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
pādoruvakṣaḥsthalato (पादोरुवक्षःस्थलतो): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.”
mukhataś (मुखतश्): mukhataś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
samudgatāḥ (समुद्गताः): The core matches the root mud, “to be glad.” sam- (“together”) + udgatāḥ.

यज्ञनिष्पत्तये सर्वम् एतद् ब्रह्मा चकार वै चातुर्वर्ण्यं महाभाग यज्ञसाधनम् उत्तमम्

yajñaniṣpattaye sarvam etad brahmā cakāra vai cāturvarṇyaṃ mahābhāga yajñasādhanam uttamam

[1.6.7] all this Not the neuter brahma indeed upmost

Word make-up

yajñaniṣpattaye (यज्ञनिष्पत्तये): The core matches the root yaj, “to offer.”
sarvam (सर्वम्): all; sarva: whole, all. The entire, not a leftover.
etad (एतद्): this; Neuter of etad: “this here.” e- + tad.
brahmā (ब्रह्मा): Not the neuter brahma; Masculine of brahman: Brahmā, the creator god, “the swelling/vast one” as a person. Not the neuter brahma.
cakāra (चकार): cakāra is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
vai (वै): indeed; Particle of emphasis: “indeed.”
cāturvarṇyaṃ (चातुर्वर्ण्यं): cāturvarṇyaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
mahābhāga (महाभाग): mahābhāga is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
yajñasādhanam (यज्ञसाधनम्): The core matches the root yaj, “to offer.”
uttamam (उत्तमम्): upmost; ud- (“up”) + tama (superlative). The upmost, the highest.

यज्ञैर् आप्यायिता देवा वृष्ट्युत्सर्गेण वै प्रजाः आप्याययन्ते धर्मज्ञ यज्ञाः कल्याणहेतवः

yajñair āpyāyitā devā vṛṣṭyutsargeṇa vai prajāḥ āpyāyayante dharmajña yajñāḥ kalyāṇahetavaḥ

[1.6.8] shining one indeed born from offering

Word make-up

yajñair (यज्ञैर्): The core matches the root yaj, “to offer.”
āpyāyitā (आप्यायिता): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.” ā- (“unto, fully”) + pyāyitā.
devā (देवा): shining one; From div, “to shine.” A shining one; a god as a shining being, not a generic “God.”
vṛṣṭyutsargeṇa (वृष्ट्युत्सर्गेण): The core matches the root vṛ, “to cover / to choose.”
vai (वै): indeed; Particle of emphasis: “indeed.”
prajāḥ (प्रजाः): born from; pra- (“forth, forward”) joined to jāḥ. From jan, “to be born.” Born from; produced. Together the form means pra + that sense.
āpyāyayante (आप्याययन्ते): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.” ā- (“unto, fully”) + pyāyayante.
dharmajña (धर्मज्ञ): dharmajña is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
yajñāḥ (यज्ञाः): offering; From yaj, “to offer.” The offering.
kalyāṇahetavaḥ (कल्याणहेतवः): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”

निष्पाद्यन्ते नरैस् तैस् तु स्वकर्माभिरतैः सदा विशुद्धाचरणोपेतैः सद्भिः सन्मार्गगामिभिः

niṣpādyante narais tais tu svakarmābhirataiḥ sadā viśuddhācaraṇopetaiḥ sadbhiḥ sanmārgagāmibhiḥ

[1.6.9] but always

Word make-up

niṣpādyante (निष्पाद्यन्ते): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.” niṣ- (“out, without”) + pādyante.
narais (नरैस्): narais is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tais (तैस्): tais is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
svakarmābhirataiḥ (स्वकर्माभिरतैः): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
sadā (सदा): always; sa- + dā: “always, at every time.”
viśuddhācaraṇopetaiḥ (विशुद्धाचरणोपेतैः): The core matches the root viś, “to enter.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + śuddhācaraṇopetaiḥ.
sadbhiḥ (सद्भिः): The core matches the root sad, “to sit.”
sanmārgagāmibhiḥ (सन्मार्गगामिभिः): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”

स्वर्गापवर्गौ मानुष्यात् प्राप्नुवन्ति नरा मुने यद् वाभिरुचितं स्थानं तद् यान्ति मनुजा द्विज

svargāpavargau mānuṣyāt prāpnuvanti narā mune yad vābhirucitaṃ sthānaṃ tad yānti manujā dvija

[1.6.10] a man which standing that going twice-born

Word make-up

svargāpavargau (स्वर्गापवर्गौ): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.”
mānuṣyāt (मानुष्यात्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
prāpnuvanti (प्राप्नुवन्ति): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.”
narā (नरा): a man; nara: a man, a human being (as mortal person).
mune (मुने): mune is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
yad (यद्): which; Neuter of yad: “which, what, that.” Relative stem ya-.
vābhirucitaṃ (वाभिरुचितं): The core matches the root cit, “to perceive, to notice.”
sthānaṃ (स्थानं): standing; From sthā, “to stand.” Standing-place; stood; having stood; stands.
tad (तद्): that; Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
yānti (यान्ति): going; From gam / yā, “to go.” Goes; they go; having gone; gone; he goes.
manujā (मनुजा): The core matches the root man, “to think.”
dvija (द्विज): twice-born; dvi-ja “twice-born.” dvija-uttama: upmost of the twice-born.

प्रजास् ता ब्रह्मणा सृष्टाश् चातुर्वर्ण्यव्यवस्थितौ सम्यक्छ्रद्धाः समाचारप्रवणा मुनिसत्तम

prajās tā brahmaṇā sṛṣṭāś cāturvarṇyavyavasthitau samyakchraddhāḥ samācārapravaṇā munisattama

[1.6.11] born from that-which-is-vast (brahman)

Word make-up

prajās (प्रजास्): born from; pra- (“forth, forward”) joined to jās. From jan, “to be born.” Born from; produced. Together the form means pra + that sense.
tā (ता): tā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
brahmaṇā (ब्रह्मणा): that-which-is-vast (brahman); Neuter of brahman, from bṛh, “to grow, to swell, to be vast.” It names that which is vast — an entity, not a person. The creator god is a different word, Brahmā (masculine). A brāhmaṇa is a person of that class.
sṛṣṭāś (सृष्टाश्): The core matches the root sṛ, “to flow.”
cāturvarṇyavyavasthitau (चातुर्वर्ण्यव्यवस्थितौ): The core matches the root vas, “to dwell.”
samyakchraddhāḥ (सम्यक्छ्रद्धाः): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.” samyak (“together-fitting, rightly”) + chraddhāḥ.
samācārapravaṇā (समाचारप्रवणा): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.” sam- (“together”) + ācārapravaṇā.
munisattama (मुनिसत्तम): munisattama is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

यथेच्छावासनिरताः सर्वबाधाविवर्जिताः शुद्धान्तःकरणाः शुद्धाः सर्वानुष्ठाननिर्मलाः

yathecchāvāsaniratāḥ sarvabādhāvivarjitāḥ śuddhāntaḥkaraṇāḥ śuddhāḥ sarvānuṣṭhānanirmalāḥ

[1.6.12]

Word make-up

yathecchāvāsaniratāḥ (यथेच्छावासनिरताः): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
sarvabādhāvivarjitāḥ (सर्वबाधाविवर्जिताः): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.”
śuddhāntaḥkaraṇāḥ (शुद्धान्तःकरणाः): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.”
śuddhāḥ (शुद्धाः): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.”
sarvānuṣṭhānanirmalāḥ (सर्वानुष्ठाननिर्मलाः): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”

शुद्धे च तासां मनसि शुद्धे ऽन्तःसंस्थिते हरौ शुद्धज्ञानं प्रपश्यन्ति विष्ण्वाख्यं येन तत् पदम्

śuddhe ca tāsāṃ manasi śuddhe 'ntaḥsaṃsthite harau śuddhajñānaṃ prapaśyanti viṣṇvākhyaṃ yena tat padam

[1.6.13] and mind by which that

Word make-up

śuddhe (शुद्धे): śuddhe is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
tāsāṃ (तासां): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
manasi (मनसि): mind; From man, “to think, to mind.” The thinking organ; mind as what thinks, not a ghost.
śuddhe (शुद्धे): śuddhe is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
'ntaḥsaṃsthite (ऽन्तःसंस्थिते): 'ntaḥsaṃsthite is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
harau (हरौ): harau is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
śuddhajñānaṃ (शुद्धज्ञानं): The core matches the root jñā, “to know.”
prapaśyanti (प्रपश्यन्ति): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + paśyanti.
viṣṇvākhyaṃ (विष्ण्वाख्यं): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + ṣṇvākhyaṃ.
yena (येन): by which; Instrumental of yad: “by which.”
tat (तत्): that; Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
padam (पदम्): The core matches the root pad, “to go, to fall.”

ततः कालात्मको यो ऽसौ स चांशः कथितो हरेः स पातयत्य् अघं घोरम् अल्पम् अल्पाल्पसारवत्

tataḥ kālātmako yo 'sau sa cāṃśaḥ kathito hareḥ sa pātayaty aghaṃ ghoram alpam alpālpasāravat

[1.6.14] then he he a- (“not”) + ghaṃ little

Word make-up

tataḥ (ततः): then; From tad + tas: “from that, then.”
kālātmako (कालात्मको): kālātmako is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
yo (यो): yo is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
'sau (ऽसौ): 'sau is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sa (स): he; Nominative singular masculine of tad: “he, that one.”
cāṃśaḥ (चांशः): cāṃśaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
kathito (कथितो): kathito is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
hareḥ (हरेः): hareḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sa (स): he; Nominative singular masculine of tad: “he, that one.”
pātayaty (पातयत्य्): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.”
aghaṃ (अघं): a- (“not”) + ghaṃ; a- (“not”) + ghaṃ.
ghoram (घोरम्): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
alpam (अल्पम्): little; alpa: little, small.
alpālpasāravat (अल्पाल्पसारवत्): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.” a- (“not”) + lpālpasāravat.

अधर्मबीजम् उद्भूतं तमोलोभसमुद्भवम् प्रजासु तासु मैत्रेय रागादिकम् असाधकम्

adharmabījam udbhūtaṃ tamolobhasamudbhavam prajāsu tāsu maitreya rāgādikam asādhakam

[1.6.15] a- (“not”) + dharmabījam what has come to be

Word make-up

adharmabījam (अधर्मबीजम्): a- (“not”) + dharmabījam; a- (“not”) + dharmabījam.
udbhūtaṃ (उद्भूतं): what has come to be; ud- (“up, out”) joined to bhūtaṃ. Past participle of bhū: “what has come to be; a being.” Together the form means ud + that sense.
tamolobhasamudbhavam (तमोलोभसमुद्भवम्): The core matches the root mud, “to be glad.”
prajāsu (प्रजासु): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + jāsu.
tāsu (तासु): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
maitreya (मैत्रेय): maitreya is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
rāgādikam (रागादिकम्): The core matches the root kam, “to desire.”
asādhakam (असाधकम्): The core matches the root kam, “to desire.” a- (“not”) + sādhakam.

ततः सा सहजा सिद्धिस् तेषां नातीव जायते रसोल्लासादयश् चान्याः सिद्धयो ऽष्टौ भवन्ति याः

tataḥ sā sahajā siddhis teṣāṃ nātīva jāyate rasollāsādayaś cānyāḥ siddhayo 'ṣṭau bhavanti yāḥ

[1.6.16] then she attainment of them is born

Word make-up

tataḥ (ततः): then; From tad + tas: “from that, then.”
sā (सा): she; Nominative feminine of tad: “she, that.”
sahajā (सहजा): sahajā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
siddhis (सिद्धिस्): attainment; From sidh: attainment.
teṣāṃ (तेषां): of them; Genitive plural of tad: “of them.”
nātīva (नातीव): nātīva is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
jāyate (जायते): is born; From jan, “to be born.” Is born; born.
rasollāsādayaś (रसोल्लासादयश्): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
cānyāḥ (चान्याः): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
siddhayo (सिद्धयो): siddhayo is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
'ṣṭau (ऽष्टौ): 'ṣṭau is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
bhavanti (भवन्ति): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
yāḥ (याः): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”

तासु क्षीणास्व् अशेषासु वर्धमाने च पातके द्वन्द्वाभिभवदुःखार्तास् ता भवन्ति ततः प्रजाः

tāsu kṣīṇāsv aśeṣāsu vardhamāne ca pātake dvandvābhibhavaduḥkhārtās tā bhavanti tataḥ prajāḥ

[1.6.17] and then born from

Word make-up

tāsu (तासु): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
kṣīṇāsv (क्षीणास्व्): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
aśeṣāsu (अशेषासु): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.” a- (“not”) + śeṣāsu.
vardhamāne (वर्धमाने): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
pātake (पातके): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.”
dvandvābhibhavaduḥkhārtās (द्वन्द्वाभिभवदुःखार्तास्): The core matches the root vad, “to say.”
tā (ता): tā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
bhavanti (भवन्ति): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
tataḥ (ततः): then; From tad + tas: “from that, then.”
prajāḥ (प्रजाः): born from; pra- (“forth, forward”) joined to jāḥ. From jan, “to be born.” Born from; produced. Together the form means pra + that sense.

ततो दुर्गाणि ताश् चक्रुर् वार्क्षं पार्वतम् औदकम् कृत्रिमं च तथा दुर्गं पुरखर्वटकादि यत्

tato durgāṇi tāś cakrur vārkṣaṃ pārvatam audakam kṛtrimaṃ ca tathā durgaṃ purakharvaṭakādi yat

[1.6.18] that dur- (“ill, hard”) + gāṇi and so dur- (“ill, hard”) + gaṃ which

Word make-up

tato (ततो): that; Inflected from tat. Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
durgāṇi (दुर्गाणि): dur- (“ill, hard”) + gāṇi; dur- (“ill, hard”) + gāṇi.
tāś (ताश्): tāś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
cakrur (चक्रुर्): cakrur is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
vārkṣaṃ (वार्क्षं): vārkṣaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
pārvatam (पार्वतम्): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.”
audakam (औदकम्): The core matches the root kam, “to desire.” a- (“not”) + udakam.
kṛtrimaṃ (कृत्रिमं): The core matches the root kṛ, “to do, to make.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
tathā (तथा): so; ta- + thā: “in that way, so.”
durgaṃ (दुर्गं): dur- (“ill, hard”) + gaṃ; dur- (“ill, hard”) + gaṃ.
purakharvaṭakādi (पुरखर्वटकादि): purakharvaṭakādi is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
yat (यत्): which; Neuter of yad: “which, what, that.” Relative stem ya-.

गृहाणि च यथान्यायं तेषु चक्रुः पुरादिषु शीतातपादिबाधानां प्रशमाय महामते

gṛhāṇi ca yathānyāyaṃ teṣu cakruḥ purādiṣu śītātapādibādhānāṃ praśamāya mahāmate

[1.6.19] and in them quieting

Word make-up

gṛhāṇi (गृहाणि): gṛhāṇi is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
yathānyāyaṃ (यथान्यायं): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
teṣu (तेषु): in them; Locative plural of tad: “in them.”
cakruḥ (चक्रुः): cakruḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
purādiṣu (पुरादिषु): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.”
śītātapādibādhānāṃ (शीतातपादिबाधानां): The core matches the root tap, “to heat.”
praśamāya (प्रशमाय): quieting; pra- (“forth, forward”) joined to śamāya. From śam, “to be calm, to finish.” Quieting. Together the form means pra + that sense.
mahāmate (महामते): mahāmate is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

प्रतीकारम् इमं कृत्वा शीतादेस् ताः प्रजाः पुनः वार्तोपायं ततश् चक्रुर् हस्तसिद्धिं च कर्मजाम्

pratīkāram imaṃ kṛtvā śītādes tāḥ prajāḥ punaḥ vārtopāyaṃ tataś cakrur hastasiddhiṃ ca karmajām

[1.6.20] this doing born from again and

Word make-up

pratīkāram (प्रतीकारम्): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + tīkāram.
imaṃ (इमं): this; Accusative masculine of idam: “this.”
kṛtvā (कृत्वा): doing; From kṛ, “to do, to make.” To do; having done; doing.
śītādes (शीतादेस्): The core matches the root śī, “to lie.”
tāḥ (ताः): tāḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
prajāḥ (प्रजाः): born from; pra- (“forth, forward”) joined to jāḥ. From jan, “to be born.” Born from; produced. Together the form means pra + that sense.
punaḥ (पुनः): again; Adverb: “again, back.”
vārtopāyaṃ (वार्तोपायं): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.”
tataś (ततश्): tataś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
cakrur (चक्रुर्): cakrur is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
hastasiddhiṃ (हस्तसिद्धिं): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
karmajām (कर्मजाम्): karmajām is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

व्रीहयश् च यवाश् चैव गोधूमा अणवस् तिलाः प्रियंगवो ह्य् उदाराश् च कोरदूषाः सतीनकाः

vrīhayaś ca yavāś caiva godhūmā aṇavas tilāḥ priyaṃgavo hy udārāś ca koradūṣāḥ satīnakāḥ

[1.6.21] and and

Word make-up

vrīhayaś (व्रीहयश्): vrīhayaś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
yavāś (यवाश्): yavāś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
caiva (चैव): caiva is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
godhūmā (गोधूमा): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
aṇavas (अणवस्): The core matches the root vas, “to dwell.” a- (“not”) + ṇavas.
tilāḥ (तिलाः): tilāḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
priyaṃgavo (प्रियंगवो): priyaṃgavo is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
hy (ह्य्): hy is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
udārāś (उदाराश्): The core matches the root dā, “to give.” ud- (“up, out”) + ārāś.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
koradūṣāḥ (कोरदूषाः): koradūṣāḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
satīnakāḥ (सतीनकाः): satīnakāḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

माषा मुद्गा मसूराश् च निष्पावाः सकुलत्थकाः आढक्यश् चणकाश् चैव शणाः सप्तदश स्मृताः

māṣā mudgā masūrāś ca niṣpāvāḥ sakulatthakāḥ āḍhakyaś caṇakāś caiva śaṇāḥ saptadaśa smṛtāḥ

[1.6.22] and ā- (“unto, fully”) + ḍhakyaś

Word make-up

māṣā (माषा): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
mudgā (मुद्गा): The core matches the root mud, “to be glad.”
masūrāś (मसूराश्): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
niṣpāvāḥ (निष्पावाः): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.” niṣ- (“out, without”) + pāvāḥ.
sakulatthakāḥ (सकुलत्थकाः): sakulatthakāḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
āḍhakyaś (आढक्यश्): ā- (“unto, fully”) + ḍhakyaś; ā- (“unto, fully”) + ḍhakyaś.
caṇakāś (चणकाश्): caṇakāś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
caiva (चैव): caiva is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
śaṇāḥ (शणाः): śaṇāḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
saptadaśa (सप्तदश): saptadaśa is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
smṛtāḥ (स्मृताः): The core matches the root smṛ, “to remember.”

इत्य् एता ओषधीनां तु ग्राम्यानां जातयो मुने ओषध्यो यज्ञियाश् चैव ग्राम्यारण्याश् चतुर्दश

ity etā oṣadhīnāṃ tu grāmyānāṃ jātayo mune oṣadhyo yajñiyāś caiva grāmyāraṇyāś caturdaśa

[1.6.23] but

Word make-up

ity (इत्य्): ity is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
etā (एता): etā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
oṣadhīnāṃ (ओषधीनां): oṣadhīnāṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
grāmyānāṃ (ग्राम्यानां): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
jātayo (जातयो): jātayo is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
mune (मुने): mune is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
oṣadhyo (ओषध्यो): oṣadhyo is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
yajñiyāś (यज्ञियाश्): The core matches the root yaj, “to offer.”
caiva (चैव): caiva is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
grāmyāraṇyāś (ग्राम्यारण्याश्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
caturdaśa (चतुर्दश): caturdaśa is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

व्रीहयः सयवा माषा गोधूमा अणवस् तिलाः प्रियंगुसप्तमा ह्य् एता अष्टमास् तु कुलत्थकाः

vrīhayaḥ sayavā māṣā godhūmā aṇavas tilāḥ priyaṃgusaptamā hy etā aṣṭamās tu kulatthakāḥ

[1.6.24] but

Word make-up

vrīhayaḥ (व्रीहयः): vrīhayaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sayavā (सयवा): sayavā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
māṣā (माषा): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
godhūmā (गोधूमा): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
aṇavas (अणवस्): The core matches the root vas, “to dwell.” a- (“not”) + ṇavas.
tilāḥ (तिलाः): tilāḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
priyaṃgusaptamā (प्रियंगुसप्तमा): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
hy (ह्य्): hy is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
etā (एता): etā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
aṣṭamās (अष्टमास्): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.” a- (“not”) + ṣṭamās.
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
kulatthakāḥ (कुलत्थकाः): kulatthakāḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

श्यामाकास् त्व् अथ नीवारा जर्तिलाः सगवेधुकाः तथा वेणुयवाः प्रोक्तास् तद्वन् मर्कटका मुने

śyāmākās tv atha nīvārā jartilāḥ sagavedhukāḥ tathā veṇuyavāḥ proktās tadvan markaṭakā mune

[1.6.25] then so

Word make-up

śyāmākās (श्यामाकास्): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
tv (त्व्): tv is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
atha (अथ): then; Particle: “then, now” — starts a new move.
nīvārā (नीवारा): The core matches the root nī, “to lead.”
jartilāḥ (जर्तिलाः): jartilāḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sagavedhukāḥ (सगवेधुकाः): The core matches the root hu, “to pour the offering.”
tathā (तथा): so; ta- + thā: “in that way, so.”
veṇuyavāḥ (वेणुयवाः): veṇuyavāḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
proktās (प्रोक्तास्): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
tadvan (तद्वन्): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
markaṭakā (मर्कटका): markaṭakā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
mune (मुने): mune is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

ग्राम्यारण्याः स्मृता ह्य् एता ओषध्यस् तु चतुर्दश यज्ञनिष्पत्तये यज्ञस् तथासां हेतुर् उत्तमः

grāmyāraṇyāḥ smṛtā hy etā oṣadhyas tu caturdaśa yajñaniṣpattaye yajñas tathāsāṃ hetur uttamaḥ

[1.6.26] but offering upmost

Word make-up

grāmyāraṇyāḥ (ग्राम्यारण्याः): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
smṛtā (स्मृता): The core matches the root smṛ, “to remember.”
hy (ह्य्): hy is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
etā (एता): etā is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
oṣadhyas (ओषध्यस्): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
caturdaśa (चतुर्दश): caturdaśa is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
yajñaniṣpattaye (यज्ञनिष्पत्तये): The core matches the root yaj, “to offer.”
yajñas (यज्ञस्): offering; From yaj, “to offer, to worship, to stretch toward the gods.” The offering. Not merely “sacrifice” as killing.
tathāsāṃ (तथासां): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
hetur (हेतुर्): hetur is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
uttamaḥ (उत्तमः): upmost; ud- (“up”) + tama (superlative). The upmost, the highest.

एताश् च सह यज्ञेन प्रजानां कारणं परम् परावरविदः प्राज्ञास् ततो यज्ञान् वितन्वते

etāś ca saha yajñena prajānāṃ kāraṇaṃ param parāvaravidaḥ prājñās tato yajñān vitanvate

[1.6.27] and with offering pra- (“forth, forward”) + jānāṃ the causing beyond that offering

Word make-up

etāś (एताश्): etāś is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
saha (सह): with; Indeclinable: “with, together.”
yajñena (यज्ञेन): offering; From yaj, “to offer.” The offering.
prajānāṃ (प्रजानां): pra- (“forth, forward”) + jānāṃ; pra- (“forth, forward”) + jānāṃ.
kāraṇaṃ (कारणं): the causing; From kṛ: the causing; a cause as that which makes.
param (परम्): beyond; para: beyond, further, other. As a neuter noun often “what is beyond.”
parāvaravidaḥ (परावरविदः): The core matches the root vid, “to know / to find.” parā- (“away, forth beyond”) + varavidaḥ.
prājñās (प्राज्ञास्): The core matches the root rāj, “to shine, to rule.”
tato (ततो): that; Inflected from tat. Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
yajñān (यज्ञान्): offering; From yaj, “to offer.” The offering.
vitanvate (वितन्वते): The core matches the root tan, “to stretch.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + tanvate.

अहन्य् अहन्य् अनुष्ठानं यज्ञानां मुनिसत्तम उपकारकरं पुंसां क्रियमाणाघशान्तिदम्

ahany ahany anuṣṭhānaṃ yajñānāṃ munisattama upakārakaraṃ puṃsāṃ kriyamāṇāghaśāntidam

[1.6.28] offering upa- (“near, toward”) + kārakaraṃ

Word make-up

ahany (अहन्य्): The core matches the root han, “to strike.” a- (“not”) + hany.
ahany (अहन्य्): The core matches the root han, “to strike.” a- (“not”) + hany.
anuṣṭhānaṃ (अनुष्ठानं): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.” anu- (“along, after”) + ṣṭhānaṃ.
yajñānāṃ (यज्ञानां): offering; From yaj, “to offer.” The offering.
munisattama (मुनिसत्तम): munisattama is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
upakārakaraṃ (उपकारकरं): upa- (“near, toward”) + kārakaraṃ; upa- (“near, toward”) + kārakaraṃ.
puṃsāṃ (पुंसां): puṃsāṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
kriyamāṇāghaśāntidam (क्रियमाणाघशान्तिदम्): The core matches the root dam, “to tame.”

येषां तु कालसृष्टो ऽसौ पापबिन्दुर् महामते चेतःसु ववृधे चक्रुस् ते न यज्ञेषु मानसम्

yeṣāṃ tu kālasṛṣṭo 'sau pāpabindur mahāmate cetaḥsu vavṛdhe cakrus te na yajñeṣu mānasam

[1.6.29] of whom but you not offering

Word make-up

yeṣāṃ (येषां): of whom; Genitive plural of yad: “of whom.”
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
kālasṛṣṭo (कालसृष्टो): The core matches the root sṛ, “to flow.”
'sau (ऽसौ): 'sau is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
pāpabindur (पापबिन्दुर्): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.”
mahāmate (महामते): mahāmate is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
cetaḥsu (चेतःसु): cetaḥsu is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
vavṛdhe (ववृधे): The core matches the root vṛdh, “to grow.”
cakrus (चक्रुस्): cakrus is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
te (ते): you; Enclitic of yuṣmad (“your / to you”) or nominative plural of tad (“they”). Sense follows the verse.
na (न): not; Negation: “not.”
yajñeṣu (यज्ञेषु): offering; Inflected from yajña. From yaj, “to offer, to worship, to stretch toward the gods.” The offering. Not merely “sacrifice” as killing.
mānasam (मानसम्): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”

वेदवादांस् तथा वेदान् यज्ञकर्मादिकं च यत् तत् सर्वं निन्दमानास् ते यज्ञव्यासेधकारिणः

vedavādāṃs tathā vedān yajñakarmādikaṃ ca yat tat sarvaṃ nindamānās te yajñavyāsedhakāriṇaḥ

[1.6.30] so knowing (Veda) and which that all you

Word make-up

vedavādāṃs (वेदवादांस्): The core matches the root dā, “to give.”
tathā (तथा): so; ta- + thā: “in that way, so.”
vedān (वेदान्): knowing (Veda); From vid, “to know.” Knowing; then the Veda as the knowing-text. The word is “knowing,” not a book-title first.
yajñakarmādikaṃ (यज्ञकर्मादिकं): The core matches the root yaj, “to offer.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
yat (यत्): which; Neuter of yad: “which, what, that.” Relative stem ya-.
tat (तत्): that; Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
sarvaṃ (सर्वं): all; sarva: whole, all. The entire, not a leftover.
nindamānās (निन्दमानास्): The core matches the root dam, “to tame.” ni- (“down, in”) + ndamānās.
te (ते): you; Enclitic of yuṣmad (“your / to you”) or nominative plural of tad (“they”). Sense follows the verse.
yajñavyāsedhakāriṇaḥ (यज्ञव्यासेधकारिणः): The core matches the root yaj, “to offer.”

प्रवृत्तिमार्गव्युच्छित्तिकारिणो वेदनिन्दकाः दुरात्मानो दुराचारा बभूवुः कुटिलाशयाः

pravṛttimārgavyucchittikāriṇo vedanindakāḥ durātmāno durācārā babhūvuḥ kuṭilāśayāḥ

[1.6.31] the self dur- (“ill, hard”) + ācārā

Word make-up

pravṛttimārgavyucchittikāriṇo (प्रवृत्तिमार्गव्युच्छित्तिकारिणो): The core matches the root vṛt, “to turn.” pra- (“forth, forward”) + vṛttimārgavyucchittikāriṇo.
vedanindakāḥ (वेदनिन्दकाः): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
durātmāno (दुरात्मानो): the self; dur- (“ill, hard”) joined to ātmāno. ātman is the self. Related to an, “to breathe”: the breathing one, the inner self of a living being. Not a ghost-soul added from outside; it is the self. Together the form means dur + that sense.
durācārā (दुराचारा): dur- (“ill, hard”) + ācārā; dur- (“ill, hard”) + ācārā.
babhūvuḥ (बभूवुः): The core matches the root bhū, “to be, to come to be.”
kuṭilāśayāḥ (कुटिलाशयाः): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”

संसिद्धायां तु वार्तायां प्रजाः सृष्ट्वा प्रजापतिः मर्यादां स्थापयाम् आस यथास्थानं यथागुणम्

saṃsiddhāyāṃ tu vārtāyāṃ prajāḥ sṛṣṭvā prajāpatiḥ maryādāṃ sthāpayām āsa yathāsthānaṃ yathāguṇam

[1.6.32] but born from master of offspring

Word make-up

saṃsiddhāyāṃ (संसिद्धायां): The core matches the root dhā, “to place.” saṃ- (“together”) + siddhāyāṃ.
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
vārtāyāṃ (वार्तायां): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
prajāḥ (प्रजाः): born from; pra- (“forth, forward”) joined to jāḥ. From jan, “to be born.” Born from; produced. Together the form means pra + that sense.
sṛṣṭvā (सृष्ट्वा): The core matches the root sṛ, “to flow.”
prajāpatiḥ (प्रजापतिः): master of offspring; prajā (“offspring,” pra-jan) + pati (“master, husband”). Master of offspring; the progenitor.
maryādāṃ (मर्यादां): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
sthāpayām (स्थापयाम्): The core matches the root sthā, “to stand.”
āsa (आस): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”
yathāsthānaṃ (यथास्थानं): The core matches the root sthā, “to stand.”
yathāguṇam (यथागुणम्): yathāguṇam is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

वर्णानाम् आश्रमाणां च धर्मान् धर्मभृतां वर लोकांश् च सर्ववर्णानां सम्यग्धर्मानुपालिनाम्

varṇānām āśramāṇāṃ ca dharmān dharmabhṛtāṃ vara lokāṃś ca sarvavarṇānāṃ samyagdharmānupālinām

[1.6.33] colour-class and that which holds best and

Word make-up

varṇānām (वर्णानाम्): colour-class; From vṛ, “to cover, to choose.” Colour, covering, then class as a covering-name.
āśramāṇāṃ (आश्रमाणां): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.” ā- (“unto, fully”) + śramāṇāṃ.
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
dharmān (धर्मान्): that which holds; Inflected from dharma. From dhṛ, “to hold, to uphold.” That which holds, the holding: law, right, the way a thing is held in place. Not a one-word “religion.”
dharmabhṛtāṃ (धर्मभृतां): The core matches the root bhṛ, “to bear.”
vara (वर): best; From vṛ, “to choose.” The chosen; the best. Vocative: O best.
lokāṃś (लोकांश्): The core matches the root lok, “to see, to shine.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
sarvavarṇānāṃ (सर्ववर्णानां): sarvavarṇānāṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
samyagdharmānupālinām (सम्यग्धर्मानुपालिनाम्): The core matches the root pā, “to protect / to drink.” sam- (“together”) + yagdharmānupālinām.

प्राजापत्यं ब्राह्मणानां स्मृतं स्थानं क्रियावताम् स्थानम् ऐन्द्रं क्षत्रियाणां संग्रामेष्व् अनिवर्तिनाम्

prājāpatyaṃ brāhmaṇānāṃ smṛtaṃ sthānaṃ kriyāvatām sthānam aindraṃ kṣatriyāṇāṃ saṃgrāmeṣv anivartinām

[1.6.34] standing standing not Indra saṃ- (“together”) + grāmeṣv

Word make-up

prājāpatyaṃ (प्राजापत्यं): The core matches the root rāj, “to shine, to rule.”
brāhmaṇānāṃ (ब्राह्मणानां): brāhmaṇānāṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
smṛtaṃ (स्मृतं): The core matches the root smṛ, “to remember.”
sthānaṃ (स्थानं): standing; From sthā, “to stand.” Standing-place; stood; having stood; stands.
kriyāvatām (क्रियावताम्): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
sthānam (स्थानम्): standing; From sthā, “to stand.” Standing-place; stood; having stood; stands.
aindraṃ (ऐन्द्रं): not Indra; a- (“not”) joined to indraṃ. indra: the shining chief of the gods; often from a root of drop/power. The shining king of gods. Together the form means a + that sense.
kṣatriyāṇāṃ (क्षत्रियाणां): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
saṃgrāmeṣv (संग्रामेष्व्): saṃ- (“together”) + grāmeṣv; saṃ- (“together”) + grāmeṣv.
anivartinām (अनिवर्तिनाम्): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.” a- (“not”) + nivartinām.

वैश्यानां मारुतं स्थानं स्वधर्मनिरतात्मनाम् गान्धर्वं शूद्रजातीनां परिचर्यानुवर्तिनाम्

vaiśyānāṃ mārutaṃ sthānaṃ svadharmaniratātmanām gāndharvaṃ śūdrajātīnāṃ paricaryānuvartinām

[1.6.35] standing

Word make-up

vaiśyānāṃ (वैश्यानां): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
mārutaṃ (मारुतं): The core matches the root mā, “to measure.”
sthānaṃ (स्थानं): standing; From sthā, “to stand.” Standing-place; stood; having stood; stands.
svadharmaniratātmanām (स्वधर्मनिरतात्मनाम्): The core matches the root vad, “to say.”
gāndharvaṃ (गान्धर्वं): gāndharvaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
śūdrajātīnāṃ (शूद्रजातीनां): śūdrajātīnāṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
paricaryānuvartinām (परिचर्यानुवर्तिनाम्): The core matches the root car, “to move.” pari- (“around”) + caryānuvartinām.

अष्टाशीतिसहस्राणि मुनीनाम् ऊर्ध्वरेतसाम् स्मृतं तेषां तु यत् स्थानं तद् एव गुरुवासिनाम्

aṣṭāśītisahasrāṇi munīnām ūrdhvaretasām smṛtaṃ teṣāṃ tu yat sthānaṃ tad eva guruvāsinām

[1.6.36] of them but which standing that just

Word make-up

aṣṭāśītisahasrāṇi (अष्टाशीतिसहस्राणि): The core matches the root śī, “to lie.” a- (“not”) + ṣṭāśītisahasrāṇi.
munīnām (मुनीनाम्): The core matches the root nī, “to lead.”
ūrdhvaretasām (ऊर्ध्वरेतसाम्): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
smṛtaṃ (स्मृतं): The core matches the root smṛ, “to remember.”
teṣāṃ (तेषां): of them; Genitive plural of tad: “of them.”
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
yat (यत्): which; Neuter of yad: “which, what, that.” Relative stem ya-.
sthānaṃ (स्थानं): standing; From sthā, “to stand.” Standing-place; stood; having stood; stands.
tad (तद्): that; Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
eva (एव): just; Particle of restriction or emphasis: “only, just, indeed.”
guruvāsinām (गुरुवासिनाम्): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.”

सप्तर्षीणां तु यत् स्थानं स्मृतं तद् वै वनौकसाम् प्राजापत्यं गृहस्थानां ब्राह्मं संन्यासिनां स्मृतम्

saptarṣīṇāṃ tu yat sthānaṃ smṛtaṃ tad vai vanaukasām prājāpatyaṃ gṛhasthānāṃ brāhmaṃ saṃnyāsināṃ smṛtam

[1.6.37] but which standing that indeed

Word make-up

saptarṣīṇāṃ (सप्तर्षीणां): saptarṣīṇāṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
tu (तु): but; Particle: “but, then, now” — a turn or a slight contrast.
yat (यत्): which; Neuter of yad: “which, what, that.” Relative stem ya-.
sthānaṃ (स्थानं): standing; From sthā, “to stand.” Standing-place; stood; having stood; stands.
smṛtaṃ (स्मृतं): The core matches the root smṛ, “to remember.”
tad (तद्): that; Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
vai (वै): indeed; Particle of emphasis: “indeed.”
vanaukasām (वनौकसाम्): The core matches the root as, “to be.”
prājāpatyaṃ (प्राजापत्यं): The core matches the root rāj, “to shine, to rule.”
gṛhasthānāṃ (गृहस्थानां): The core matches the root sthā, “to stand.”
brāhmaṃ (ब्राह्मं): brāhmaṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
saṃnyāsināṃ (संन्यासिनां): The core matches the root ās, “to sit.” saṃ- (“together”) + nyāsināṃ.
smṛtam (स्मृतम्): The core matches the root smṛ, “to remember.”

योगिनाम् अमृतं स्थानं यद् विष्णोः परमं पदम्

yoginām amṛtaṃ sthānaṃ yad viṣṇoḥ paramaṃ padam

[1.6.38] of the yoked not-dead standing which highest

Word make-up

yoginām (योगिनाम्): of the yoked; Genitive plural of yogin (yuj, “to yoke”): of those who are yoked.
amṛtaṃ (अमृतं): not-dead; a- (“not”) + mṛta (mṛ, “to die”). Not-dead; deathless as not having died — still not the same as akṣara (not-perishing).
sthānaṃ (स्थानं): standing; From sthā, “to stand.” Standing-place; stood; having stood; stands.
yad (यद्): which; Neuter of yad: “which, what, that.” Relative stem ya-.
viṣṇoḥ (विष्णोः): The core matches the root iṣ, “to wish, to send.” vi- (“apart, asunder”) + ṣṇoḥ.
paramaṃ (परमं): highest; Superlative of para, “beyond, further.” The furthest, the highest.
padam (पदम्): The core matches the root pad, “to go, to fall.”

एकान्तिनः सदा ब्रह्मध्यायिनो योगिनो हि ये तेषां तत् परमं स्थानं यद् वै पश्यन्ति सूरयः

ekāntinaḥ sadā brahmadhyāyino yogino hi ye teṣāṃ tat paramaṃ sthānaṃ yad vai paśyanti sūrayaḥ

[1.6.39] always one who is yoked for who of them that highest standing which indeed

Word make-up

ekāntinaḥ (एकान्तिनः): ekāntinaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
sadā (सदा): always; sa- + dā: “always, at every time.”
brahmadhyāyino (ब्रह्मध्यायिनो): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
yogino (योगिनो): one who is yoked; Inflected from yogin. From yoga (yuj, “to yoke”) + -in “possessing.” One who is yoked; one who has the yoking.
hi (हि): for; Particle: “for, because, indeed” — marks a reason or emphasis.
ye (ये): who; Nominative plural of yad: “who, which.” Relative stem ya-.
teṣāṃ (तेषां): of them; Genitive plural of tad: “of them.”
tat (तत्): that; Neuter of tad: “that.” From the demonstrative stem ta-.
paramaṃ (परमं): highest; Superlative of para, “beyond, further.” The furthest, the highest.
sthānaṃ (स्थानं): standing; From sthā, “to stand.” Standing-place; stood; having stood; stands.
yad (यद्): which; Neuter of yad: “which, what, that.” Relative stem ya-.
vai (वै): indeed; Particle of emphasis: “indeed.”
paśyanti (पश्यन्ति): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.”
sūrayaḥ (सूरयः): sūrayaḥ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.

गत्वा गत्वा निवर्तन्ते चन्द्रसूर्यादयो ग्रहाः अद्यापि न निवर्तन्ते द्वादशाक्षरचिन्तकाः

gatvā gatvā nivartante candrasūryādayo grahāḥ adyāpi na nivartante dvādaśākṣaracintakāḥ

[1.6.40] going going not

Word make-up

gatvā (गत्वा): going; From gam / yā, “to go.” Goes; they go; having gone; gone; he goes.
gatvā (गत्वा): going; From gam / yā, “to go.” Goes; they go; having gone; gone; he goes.
nivartante (निवर्तन्ते): The core matches the root tan, “to stretch.” ni- (“down, in”) + vartante.
candrasūryādayo (चन्द्रसूर्यादयो): The core matches the root yā, “to go.”
grahāḥ (ग्रहाः): The core matches the root grah, “to grasp.”
adyāpi (अद्यापि): The core matches the root āp, “to reach.” a- (“not”) + dyāpi.
na (न): not; Negation: “not.”
nivartante (निवर्तन्ते): The core matches the root tan, “to stretch.” ni- (“down, in”) + vartante.
dvādaśākṣaracintakāḥ (द्वादशाक्षरचिन्तकाः): The core matches the root kṣar, “to flow, to waste away, to perish.”

तामिस्रम् अन्धतामिस्रं महारौरवरौरवौ असिपत्रवनं घोरं कालसूत्रम् अवीचिमत्

tāmisram andhatāmisraṃ mahārauravarauravau asipatravanaṃ ghoraṃ kālasūtram avīcimat

[1.6.41] a- (“not”) + vīcimat

Word make-up

tāmisram (तामिस्रम्): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
andhatāmisraṃ (अन्धतामिस्रं): The core matches the root an, “to breathe.” a- (“not”) + ndhatāmisraṃ.
mahārauravarauravau (महारौरवरौरवौ): mahārauravarauravau is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
asipatravanaṃ (असिपत्रवनं): The core matches the root pat, “to fall.” a- (“not”) + sipatravanaṃ.
ghoraṃ (घोरं): ghoraṃ is used as a grammatical form in this verse.
kālasūtram (कालसूत्रम्): The core matches the root ram, “to rest, to delight.”
avīcimat (अवीचिमत्): a- (“not”) + vīcimat; a- (“not”) + vīcimat.

विनिन्दकानां वेदस्य यज्ञव्यासेधकारिणाम् स्थानम् एतत् समाख्यातं स्वधर्मत्यागिनश् च ये

vinindakānāṃ vedasya yajñavyāsedhakāriṇām sthānam etat samākhyātaṃ svadharmatyāginaś ca ye

[1.6.42] vi- (“apart, asunder”) + nindakānāṃ knowing (Veda) standing this and who

Word make-up

vinindakānāṃ (विनिन्दकानां): vi- (“apart, asunder”) + nindakānāṃ; vi- (“apart, asunder”) + nindakānāṃ.
vedasya (वेदस्य): knowing (Veda); From vid, “to know.” Knowing; then the Veda as the knowing-text. The word is “knowing,” not a book-title first.
yajñavyāsedhakāriṇām (यज्ञव्यासेधकारिणाम्): The core matches the root yaj, “to offer.”
sthānam (स्थानम्): standing; From sthā, “to stand.” Standing-place; stood; having stood; stands.
etat (एतत्): this; Neuter of etad: “this here.” e- + tad.
samākhyātaṃ (समाख्यातं): The core matches the root yā, “to go.” sam- (“together”) + ākhyātaṃ.
svadharmatyāginaś (स्वधर्मत्यागिनश्): The core matches the root vad, “to say.”
ca (च): and; Enclitic particle: “and, also.”
ye (ये): who; Nominative plural of yad: “who, which.” Relative stem ya-.

Viṣṇu Purāṇa

Prathama Aṃśa, Ṣaṣṭha Adhyāya

Devanagari scan